...Chem 1A Brown 3 July 2014 Density Lab Report Objective: The purpose of this lab was to experimentally determine the density in three different investigations. Prelab procedure outline: What is the Density of an Egg? 1. Obtain the egg and note any observations. 2. Obtain a 400-ml beaker. 3. Add 200-ml of water into the beaker. Record the volume. 4. Place the raw egg into the water and record the volume and any observations. 5. Add NaCl into the water and stir until dissolved. 6. Stop adding NaCl once the top of the egg reaches the meniscus of the water. 7. Determine the density of the egg and the salt solution. Calculations: Beaker = 137g Beaker + Liquid = 337g Mass liquid = 337g – 137g = 200g Density of NaCl solution = 200g / 137mL = 1.46 g/mL Prelab Analysis Outline 1. Subtract mass of empty beaker from mass of filled beaker to calculate mass of liquid. Mliquid=mbeaker+liquid-mbeaker 2. Divide NaCl liquid mass by NaCl liquid volume to find density. D=mliquid/137mL Procedure, Data and Results Obtain egg. Obtained and cleaned 400mL beaker. Weighed the 400mL beaker. 400mL beaker = 137.4635g Filled beaker with 200mL of water. Weighed on analytical balance. Beaker + water = 337g Placed egg in water and noted observations including water displacement. Added NaCl into the solution until the egg floated. Beaker + NaCl solution = 200g Calculated density of NaCl solution. Density of NaCl solution = 200g / 137mL...
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...London School of Engineering and Materials Science Laboratory report writing instructions DEN101 - Fluid Mechanics 1 Flow Rate Measurement Experiment A. Student Student Number: 1234567 Version 2.0, 27 November 2010 Template for Word 97-2003 Abstract This document explains what is expected in your Fluids 1 lab report. The sections that should be covered are outlined and a structure you could follow is proposed. Detailed advice on how to edit the report is given. The document concludes with the marking criteria for this lab report. Table of Contents Abstract 2 1. Introduction 3 1.1. Writing 3 1.2. Editing and formatting 3 1.3. Content of the introduction 4 2. Background and theory 4 3. Apparatus 4 4. Test 4 5. Experimental procedure 4 6. Results 5 7. Discussion 5 8. Conclusions 5 9. References 5 10. Appendix A: Marking criteria 6 Introduction Before starting to write a report, you should think about what is your audience. Am I writing for colleagues who want a lot of detail how it is done, or am I writing for my boss who just wants an executive summary as he has no time for details? In general, there is not a single type of audience and we have to make our writing suitable for the detailed read, as well as the fast perusal. To understand what is required from you in this report, please have a look at the marking criteria in the Appendix. 1 Writing To limit...
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...the Unknown Object (Density, Measurement and Error) By: Meena Roberts Discussion Section: Wednesday at 8:30am Objective: The purpose of this lab is to identify what the unknown object is made of. Procedure: Object was placed on digital scale to measure its mass in grams(g). -Mass 1:23.7g Water was poured into graduated cylinder and initial volume was recorded by looking at meniscus in milliliter(mL) -Volume measurement 1: Initial Volume-31.0mL Object was placed into graduated cylinder carefully and final volume was recorded by looking at meniscus in milliliter(mL). -Volume measurement 1: Final Volume-34.0mL The measured volume was calculated by subtracting the final volume from the initial volume in milliliter(mL). Measured...
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...Scott Kurashige Jon Grist Fr. 1:30 Lab Density Lab Report Section 1- Introduction The purpose of this lab was to design and perform an experiment which measures the density of two common household objects. The formula for Density = mass/volume. In this lab, density will be determined through two procedures using two objects. The mass of each object will be calculated by measuring it on a balance scale. The volume will be found by using a ruler and measuring it to use a formula for volume. To also find volume, we have to place the object in a graduated cylinder of water to measure the displacement of the water. Density information can be used to explain phenomenon’s like steel and cement ships that can float in water because of the concept of buoyancy. If the density of the ship is less than that of the water or less than the mass of the water it is in, the ship will be able to float even though it is made of steel or cement. Finally, the results obtained in the density lab will be used to determine if the object will float or sink in water. Section 2- Experimental To start off the experiment, we picked two objects and measured them with a ruler. Once we measured the length, width, and height of the objects, we could then find the volume. Once the volume was calculated, the objects were weighed on a balance and then using the formula mass/volume, we calculated the density of the two objects. We also had to find the volume by measuring water displacement. To do this, we...
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...EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY & TECHNICAL WRITING Report/Worksheet/Writing Task: Lab number 2 Full Report: Partial Report: X Lab section: J NAMES: Shameek Agarwal, Date Turned In: 2/4/2012 , , Date Returned by TA: ____________________ Grader: _____________ The effort / participation in this laboratory and lab report is divided as follows: Name: Shameek Agarwal, primarily responsible for sections: Name: Name: Name: , primarily responsible for sections: , primarily responsible for sections: , primarily responsible for sections: By submitting this lab report electronically, I/we are agreeing to the following honor pledge, which is consistent with the rules described in the laboratory manual, the syllabus and in class: On my honor, I / we pledge that I / we have neither given nor received inappropriate aide in the preparation of this lab report. The only laboratory reports from prior semesters that I / we have viewed, reviewed, or used in any way were provided by the laboratory TAs during office hours. I / we have reviewed the consequences of using prior laboratory reports in the laboratory manual. GRADE: / Grader Initials: ________ COMMENTS (grader / students) ME 3057 Score Tally for Reports: Abstract: ____________ / Introduction and Procedure: ____________/ Experimental Results: Discussion: Conclusions: Display Format: ____________ / ____________ / ____________ / ____________ / ME3057, Spring 2012 Abstract The objective of this lab was to illustrate the concepts while...
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...Name: Andrea Urbina Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 1: Metabolism and Thyroid Hormone Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 6 out of 6 questions correctly. 1. Which of the following statements about metabolism is false? You correctly answered: d. All of the energy from metabolism is ultimately stored in the chemical bonds of ATP. 2. Thyroxine is You correctly answered: c. the most important hormone for maintaining the metabolic rate and body temperature. 3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is You correctly answered: b. produced in the pituitary gland. 4. An injection of TSH to an otherwise normal animal will cause which of the following? You correctly answered: d. goiter development 5. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is You correctly answered: a. secreted by the hypothalamus. 6. Which of the following statements is true? You correctly answered: b. The hypothalamus primarily secretes tropic hormones that stimulate the secretion of other hormones. 10/11/14 page 1 Experiment Results Predict Question: Predict Question 1: Make a prediction about the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the remaining rats compared with the BMR of the normal rat you just measured. Your answer : c. The BMR of both remaining rats will be lower than the normal rat's BMR. Predict Question 2: What do you think will happen after you inject thyroxine into the three rats? Your answer : b. The thyroidectomized rat will become hyperthryoidic and develop a goiter...
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...University of West Florida Department of Physics PHY 2053L University Physics I Lab Section: 81419 Lab Report Number: 1 Lab Title: Meaning of Measurement Name: Group Members: Date: 8/27/2014 PURPOSE: Learn the basics of measurement and statistical analysis in context of volume and density. EQUIPMENT: Three different geometric solids: 1 identified as white cylinder, 1 identified as brass-colored cylinder, 1 identified as silver-colored sphere. Meter stick (wooden, displaying measurements in cm) Analog scale (zero-ed prior to experiment) Manual caliper Digital caliper (zero-ed prior to each measurement) PRINCIPLE: This lab is intended to reinforce the importance of using proper techniques to attain precise measurements. It further demonstrates that reliability of results from different measuring devices. In this experiment, the most rudimentary measuring tool was the meter stick followed by the manual caliper and then the digital caliper. Measuring each object five times should reinforce the different interpretations of team members as well as the variance between the different tools used to measure the objects. In addition to measuring the length, width and height of each object, the mass was attained through the use of an analog scale. While a digital scale would have shown a more precise measurement, the analog scale was a more appropriate tool with the meter stick and manual caliper as the significant figures produced by each ...
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...ABSTRACT: This report, talks describes a lab that was focused on carrying out a method for the synthesis of secondary alcohols. It used nucleophilic Grignard reagent 1-methylbutylmagnesium Bromide, and the electrophilic carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde propanal to create 4-methyl-3-heptanol. Introduction/ Purpose In this lab we took it the addition of nucleophilic Grignard reagent 1-methylbutylmagnesium Bromide, to the electrophillic carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde propanal is described. 4-methyl-3-heptanol is produced, which was a 2 degree alcohol. Both primary alcohols and secondary alcohols can be obtained through this process in different ways. To produce a Primary alcohol the aldehyde that has to be used is formaldehyde. Secondary...
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...Why do we keep a lab notebook? In the ‘real world’, you will be expected to record what you do and how you do it, with the data clearly identifiable. There are 2 reasons for this: • Any scientific experiment is only considered valid if it can be repeated by someone else using your notebook. • If you develop a new product or process, your notebook becomes a legal document that can be scrutinized in a court of law, especially in cases of patent infringement. In order to meet these requirements, certain conditions must be met: • Notebooks shall have bound pages, loose-leaf and spiral bound are not acceptable. • All pages must be numbered prior to use. This will show if any pages have been removed that contained data that might compromise interpretation of your conclusions. • All data shall be entered chronologically. Do not leave empty pages to insert information later. If you finish with a large expanse of blank page, put a line through it to show that it will not be used. • All notes are to be made in indelible pen – pencil will be penalized. If you make a mistake, just draw a single line through it, not a childish scribble to hide all traces! • All data will be recorded in your lab notebook at the moment it is generated. No notes shall be written on scraps of paper or memorized for later. Other notes about the lab notebook: All pre-lab and experimental work is hand-written in your lab notebook. Make...
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...environments as sulfur hot-springs associated with volcanic activity to super-cooled waters of the Antarctic. This lab will consist of two parts. Each part will involve discussion and set-up during the first week and the reading of the results on the second week of the lab. Part 1 Bacteria in our environment You will identify some parts of your local environment you wish to test for the presence of bacteria. Part 2 Effectiveness of hand washing You will be conducting an experiment to test the effectiveness of various hand-washing methods and their effects on bacteria. MATERIALS & METHODS Part 1: Bacteria in our environment. Work in groups of two. Week 1 1. Decide what parts of your local environment you wish to sample for bacteria. 2. Obtain a sterile TSA (Trypticase soy agar) plate. Keep it sterile, do not open yet! 3. Label the bottom of the plate with the following: - students initials or names - type of exposure - date of exposure 4. Expose the plate. Do not open the plate longer than is necessary for your exposure. 5. Cover and turn upside down. Place on the tray provided for your class. 6. Let sit at room temperature until the next lab period. (The lab tech will check the condition of the cultures periodically. If growth is too rapid, the plates will be placed in a refrigerator...
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...Name______________________________________________ IB Guide to Writing Lab Reports Standard and Higher Level Chemistry 2010-2011 Table of Contents page 1 Explanations, Clarifications, and Handy Hints page 2 - 13 IB Laboratory Evaluation Rubric page 14 - 15 Formal Lab Report Format page 16 Error Analysis Types of Experimental Errors page 17 Error Analysis: Some Key Ideas page 18 Precision and Accuracy in Measurements A Tale of Four Cylinders Assessment of Errors and Uncertainties in IB Lab Reports Explaining Terms and Concepts in Error Analysis page 19 - 20 page 21 Mathematics of Evaluating Accuracy and Precision page 26 - 27 Rejection of Data page 28 More Examples of Propagating Error page 29 - 31 page 22 - 25 Typical Instrumental Uncertainties page 32 Checklist for Writing IB Lab Reports page 33 - 34 Please read carefully and keep this handy reference for future use in writing exemplary lab reports. Page 1 IB Guide to Writing Laboratory Reports Explanations, Clarifications, and Handy Hints The nature of science is to investigate the world around you. An inquiring mind is essential to science. Experiments are designed by curious minds to gain insight into wonder-producing phenomena. Hopefully, this process of designing experiments, doing experiments, thinking about experimental results, and writing lab reports will tremendously benefit YOU! IB Chemistry is the challenge you have chosen...
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...HST III R&D Stomata Lab Report Beginning the lab with our null hypothesis: there is no difference in stomatal density of Prunus Peraca leaves in which both were selected from the same section of the tree, yet one was on a higher branch and one was on a lower branch; my lab partner, Jaylann Rawls, and I quickly set up our lab to figure out if we can agree or disagree with this statement. We chose the leaves from a peach tree in my garden, and used clear nail polish, tape, slides, and a microscope from our teacher, Mr. Pemberton. Procedures we used to establish the flow of the lab includes us covering our leaves with clear nail polish, then leaving it to dry. Next we covered the dried section of the leaf with tape and after pressing down on it, we gently pulled it off and placed the tape across our slides. Once our slide was completed we observed stomata from the microscope. As we counted the stomatal density we logged the information into our database and cleaned our slides and station. We did eight days of research, in which we doubled up for two days. After collecting all of our data, we created a T-test to compare the differences between all of our collected data and means. In order for us to have rejected our null hypothesis, we would have needed to pick a level of statistical significance. By default, this is 1 or 5 percent. If we get a P value smaller than our significance level, we can reject the null hypothesis. The data we collected did not support our hypothesis...
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...errors that occur in the processes of taking measurements. Also, it explains how the uncertainty level in direct measurements was found, and how the indirect measurements were calculated as well. To do that, dimensions and the mass of the metal block was measured, which were used to calculate the volume and density of the object as well as the margin of error. Theory In this lab, there were direct and indirection measurements involved, and several calculations were required in order to calculate the related variables. In part A of this lab, apparent and actual height of the wooden block was recorded with a meter stick. The meter stick has an accuracy of ±0.05 cm and no other calculations were needed. [1] Parallax is the change in the apparent position of an object when the position of the observed changes. It is also a common error in scientific experiments. One must be aware of its existence at all time so that it can be avoided and as a result the true value of the reading is obtained. Due to parallax, the position of the observed block appears to change as well, making the height of the block appear to be different for each measurement. In part B of this lab, measurements were recorded indirectly. A meter stick was used to measure the length of the metal block, with an accuracy of ±0.05 mm. Then the width and height was measured with a caliper with an accuracy of ±0.05 mm. These measurements were taken to calculate the volume of the metal block. The equation...
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...Preparation of 1-Bromobutane The mechanism is SN2. The overall reaction is: H2SO4 + NaBr + CH3CH2CH2CH2OH 6 CH3CH2CH2CH2Br + H2O + NaHSO4 Boiling Point 118oC Boiling Point 92oC Day 1 CAUTION: Wear gloves during the entire experiment Fill out the table on your lab report form for this experiment INCLUDING YOUR NAME AND DATE and turn it in to the instructors box in NSM B-202 by 10:AM the day of the experiment. BE SURE TO DATE-STAMP YOUR LAB REPORT FORM USING THE DATE STAMP IN THE DEPARTMENT OFFICE (NSM-B-202) BEFORE PLACING IT INTO YOUR INSTRUCTORS BOX. FAILURE TO DO SO WILL RESULT IN YOUR FORM BEING MARKED "LATE". The report form will be returned to you in the lab. At your hood workstation, place a hotplate/stirrer atop a ringstand . Take a 250-mL round-bottomed flask, and clamp the flask to the ringstand, leaving about 1 inch of room between the bottom of the flask and a plastic bowl, whish sits atop the hotplate/stirrer.. Add 0.3 mole 1-butanol and ABOUT 35mL H2O to the flask and begin stirring the solution with the magnetic stirrer. CAREFULLY add 0.3 mole NaBr to the reaction flask. NOW, Add a slurry of ice and water to the bowl beneath the flask. S L O W L Y AND CAREFULLY add 35mL conc. H2SO4 to the flask. Remove the ice bath and replace it with a heating mantle. Add two or three boiling chips to the flask. Equip the flask with a reflux condenser and begin circulating...
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...Contents 1-Abstract 2 2-Introduction 3 3-Theory 4 3.1-Total and effective porosity: 4 3.2Primary and Secondary porosity: 5 4- Experimental Set-up and Procedure 5 4.1-Materials and equipment 5 4.2- Experimental set-up and procedure 5 5-Results and calculations 7 6-Discussion and conclusion 8 6.1- Discussion of the results 8 6.2- Conclusion 8 7- References 9 1-Abstract The aim of this report is to be familiar with the basic procedures of preparing rock samples and to measure the density of and porosity of rock samples. Firstly the rock size and mass was measured to determine the density and bulk volume using an electronic ruler and mass balance. Then using the helium porosimeter the grain volume of each core plug sample was measured. Each of these measurements were repeated three times and then averaged for precision sake. The porosity was then calculated by subtracting the grain volume from the bulk volume, to determine the pore volume, and then dividing by the bulk volume. The porosity results for all the samples were reasonable except for sample 1 and 6 for which the porosity is calculated to be in negative % and make no logic. These possible reasons for these inaccurate results are that the group made high errors in reading the measurements or did the experiment in a wrong method. 2-Introduction For the storage of oil and gas in any reservoir rock presence of porosity is vital. However, the degree of porosity in any rock depends upon...
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