...People are too dependent on computers Gerardo Duran Professor Daniel Jones Strayer University Computers have revolutions the world as seen it. Economy relies on the e-commerce transactions to make business and increase profits. But, people have been affected as well; society relies on computer technology in every level. With the integration of the internet, the dependency on computers has increased dramatically. What is the result of the side effect of having computerized our world? It seems it was just a few years ago when computers were exclusive for businesses using mainframes to process calculations. But, computers have gone from a luxury to an everyday need. The benefits from computers have revolutionized the entire world. In the old days, telecommunications were limited; telegrams and letters were used as a medium of sharing information before technological advancement was developed. Now, computers have changed the telecommunications. People can “surf” on the web and visit any country in the world in less than 30 seconds, book a flight in 5 minutes or purchase a pair of jeans in 2 minutes. The internet was invented with a different purpose that is it today. The main focused of the internet in...
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...New Technologies, New Dependencies Computers have changed the world altogether. There have been massive changes in the world that were brought about by the invention of the computer. There have been concerns and disagreements in contemporary societies regarding the use of technology which mainly focuses on computers. People hold various opinions about the benefits of computers along with the harmful effects that come with it. Research has shown that the use of computers in the twentyfirst century has had a great impact on socio-economic development; therefore, many people have this device in their offices, homes and schools. According to Griffiths, computers have enhanced communication on a global spectrum; this has happened not only because of the improved functionality of different computers, but also due to social media tools that have transformed the world into a global village (Griffiths). The development of computers has led to an increasing human dependency on the microchip. People hold various opinions regarding the development of this device. Many of them feel that it is a great way and it has proven to benefit many people and has revolutionized the entire world. However, others hold opinions against this device and feel that human beings have shown too much dependency on the computer. Technology endeavors have led to increase in businessYourLastName2 returns, enhanced consumer relationships, and have raised the standards of competition to the benefit...
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...as simple as starting an executable file and advancing through a variety of options. For most computer owners this is not a huge issue, however in large operations where more than 100 computers are on an extended network it can be a rather pressing problem. In the local library of Calexico County we have identified this arising problem as such. The main core of the issue was that the majority of our associates would spend too much time on one computer in order to get it up and running with our specialized proprietary software. In order to fully install the software properly to our computers we need a variety of independencies such as Java Runtime, Adobe Flash etc. Each of these have their own executable or MSI installation file that requires the user to advance manually and confirm that it is installed, without any of the independencies that are needed our proprietary software will probably not work properly as it should. It’s also worth noting that we have more than one software package that will require it’s own set of independencies, in total there are 20 and new releases of the software are released about every month. In order to properly resolve this problem we need a program that properly manages every independency required for that specific piece of software, makes sure it lists each version of the software, and provides the ability to automatically install all dependencies and the main...
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...Functional Dependency is mainly known as Normalization. Professor Codd in 1970 was the first person to define it. There are three steps to this dependency. Normalization is used to eliminate the three types of anomalies which are insertion, deletion and update anomalies. The three normalization are what a database can suffer from. They also define what the database is about because of all the work that goes into it. The Insertion Anomaly is when some of the data cannot be added into the database. There are just certain areas of the database where information just cannot be added or else it would mess up the system or get you a big (OOOPS). Update an0omaly is when there is redundancy going on in the database which will cause changes to everything that is in the database. Instead of change one information and the database changing all of them, a person has to go and do it one step at a time. Deletion anomaly is deleting of some data that causes other information to be lost or deleted. Example -1. Assume the following relation Student-courses (Sid:pk, Sname, Phone, Courses-taken) Where attribute Sid is the primary key, Sname is student name, Phone is student's phone number and Courses-taken is a table contains course-id, course-description, credit hours and grade for each course taken by the student. More precise definition of table Course-taken is : Course-taken (Course-id:pk, Course-description, Credit-hours, Grade) According to the definition of first normal form relation...
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...Jonathan Hindman PT2520 Chapter 4 10/18/13 Cardinality: Cardinality refers to the number of allowed instances of a relationship. In the usual cardinality of one to many, for instance, each record on the one side can have zero to any number of records on the many side. Cardinality can be more specific however. Each patron at a library can have only 20 items checked out at once. This has a cardinality of 0 to 20. Composite keys: In database design, a compound key is a key that consists of 2 or more attributes that uniquely identify an entity occurrence. Each attribute that makes up the compound key is a simple key in its own right. Crow’s feet notation: A type of notation for entity relationships in entity relation diagrams that depicts the many side of a relationship with a three-pronged end called a “crows foot.” This type of notation provides more information about the cardinality of a relationship than the arrow notation for relationships. Domain entities: Those database entities that relate directly to the business problem under consideration. Entity relation diagrams: A diagram that shows entities, their attributes, and the relationships among them. Linking entity: An entity used to resolve a many-to-many relationship into two one-to-many relationships. Logical entity: The design of a database without regard to the physical implementation of the database. Lookup entity: An entity used to store lookup values such as state names or zip codes. Maximum cardinality:...
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...database schema normalization up to third normal form. Y. V. Dongare1, P. S. Dhabe2 and S. V. Deshmukh3 1 Department of Computer Engg., Vishwakarma Institute of Info.Technology, Pune, India 2 yashwant_dongre@yahoo.com Department of Computer Engg., Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, India dhabeps@gmail.com supriya_vd2005@yahoo.com 3 Department of Computer Engg., Pune Vidhyarthi Griha’s College of E&T, Pune, India Abstract— In this paper a tool called RDBNorma is proposed, that uses a novel approach to represent a relational database schema and its functional dependencies in computer memory using only one linked list and used for semi-automating the process of relational database schema normalization up to third normal form. This paper addresses all the issues of representing a relational schema along with its functional dependencies using one linked list along with the algorithms to convert a relation into second and third normal form by using above representation. We have compared performance of RDBNorma with existing tool called Micro using standard relational schemas collected from various resources. It is observed that proposed tool is at least 2.89 times faster than the Micro and requires around half of the space than Micro to represent a relation. Comparison is done by entering all the attributes and functional dependencies holds on a relation in the same order and implementing both the tools in same language and on same machine. Index Terms— relational...
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...the novel, one being the electrical fences which stopped working due to a power outage and the T-Rex’s got out putting people’s lives in danger and killing others, second being by which the computers were used to track data but tracked the wrong data instead, and finally genetic engineering which used frog DNA making the animals able to change sex and...
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...Software Dependencies Rushiraj Nenuji#, Lay Shah*, Harshit Shihora# # Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Nirma University 111bit020@nirmauni.ac.in 311bit032@nirmauni.ac.in 2 11bit057@nirmauni.ac.in. Abstract— Software developers many a times use different tools, so that we could find and come to know about dependencies of any particular module/system on the repository before we make changes to it. This is done in order to avoid adverse effects because of changes and hence to avoid failures related to it. Keywords— Software Dependencies, Systems, Dependency errors, Software failures. Introduction AS WE WORK WITH GEOGRAPHICALLY DISTRIBUTED SOFTWARE, THIS APPROACH CREATES PROBLEMS. WHEN WE WORK WITH MODULES AND THERE IS DEPENDENCY BETWEEN THEM WE FACE PROBLEMS LIKE COMMUNICATION PROBLEM, WORK COORDINATION, ETC. RESEARCH ARGUES THAT DISTRIBUTED TEAMS DO BETTER WHEN THEIR WORK IS ALMOST INDEPENDENT FROM EACH OTHER. IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, MODULARIZATION IS THE TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE. THE MODULAR DESIGN ARGUMENT SUGGESTS THAT BY REDUCING THE TECHNICAL DEPENDENCIES, THE WORK DEPENDENCIES BETWEEN TEAMS DEVELOPING INTERDEPENDENT MODULES ARE ALSO REDUCED. THIS DISSERTATION ARGUES THAT MODULARIZATION IS NOT A SUFFICIENT REPRESENTATION OF WORK DEPENDENCIES IN THE CONTEXT OF SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT AND IT PROPOSES A METHOD FOR MEASURING SOCIO-TECHNICAL CONGRUENCE, DEFINED AS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STRUCTURE OF WORK DEPENDENCIES AND THE COORDINATION...
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...Outline Sequencing Activities and Dependencies Sequencing Activities 1. What is the purpose of sequencing activities? 2. What types of activities exist in a project? o Predecessor and successor activities o Concurrent activities o Dummy activities o Lag activities o Milestones 3. How do I begin sequencing my project activities? Identifying Dependencies 1. How do dependencies affect activity sequencing? o Mandatory dependencies o Discretionary dependencies o External dependencies 2. What other sequencing dependencies should I understand? o Finish-to-start dependency o Finish-to-finish dependency o Start-to-start dependency o Start-to-finish dependency 3. How do leads affect activity sequencing? 4. How do lags affect activity sequencing? Managing Risk and Resources 1. How do dependencies affect risk? 2. What is slack, and how does it affect risk management? 3. How can I manage resources when sequencing dependencies? Unit Content Sequencing Activities and Dependencies Sequencing Activities What is the...
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...analysis, and how does it differ from structured analysis? Object Oriented analysis is “the examination of a problem by modeling it as a group of interacting objects. An object is defined by its class, data elements and behavior. For example; in an order processing system, an invoice is a class, and printing, viewing and totaling are examples of its behavior. Objects (individual invoices) inherit this behavior and combine it with their own data elements.” ( (The Computer Language Company, 1981-2012) Object-oriented analysis (OOA) applies object-modeling techniques to analyze the functional requirements for a system. “Analysis is done by identifying the use cases and detailing a flow of events for each. Also, an initial set of functional test cases is specified, to serve as a vehicle for checking that the implementation is complete and basically correct. Analysis culminates in identifying classes implied by the use cases, and documenting them using an Analysis Class Diagram.” (Russell C. Bjork Professor of Computer Science, 2004) The difference is in object oriented analysis the data is combined in a process that acts on the data in the object whereas structured analysis treats the process and the data as separate components. 2- Describe the phases of the system development life cycle, and compare the SDLC waterfall model with the spiral model? “The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved...
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...Accountability and Ethics Computer Addiction and Cyber Crime Nick Nykodym The University of Toledo Sonny Ariss The University of Toledo Katarina Kurtz The University of Toledo This research explores the relationship between computer addiction and cyber crime. There is evidence of computer addiction in medical settings, scholarly journals and legal proceedings. Reviewing the history of computer addiction has shown that computer addiction can be related to cyber crime. This paper will define computer addiction, show how various cyber crimes, especially those against businesses and organizations, can be motivated by computer addiction and propose further research on how managers can deal with cyber crime in a business, by recognizing addictive behaviors and computer addiction in their employees. HISTORY OF COMPUTER ADDICTION Computer addiction is an idea that has been in existence for years. Since the 1970s, avid computer programmers and hackers have been called “addicts” by both psychologists and the general public (Reed, 2002, p. 135). In 1976, Weizenbaum wrote about computer programmers who could sit and work at their computer terminals for twenty or thirty hours at a time. This behavior however, was viewed at the time as useful to technology and society. Computers, once seen as huge government machines that only very knowledgeable people could use, transformed into user-friendly tools that could be used by the everyday person. It became more common to see computers in homes and businesses...
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...smart televisions and many more are only possible with internet. Todd Anderson 8 posts Re:Module 7 DQ 2 Professor, Yes technology'swill be to relied on for the future. we as a society have given up knowledge for electronics. Have you ever been in the store and the register was down and watch the cashier try and make change? It is a pathetic thing to witness. what about the new threat of electronic warfare? a computer can kill a entire grid with a few taps on a computer and you have instant chaos. Target stores with their current credit card fraud where a computer was hacked and thousands of peoples credit card numbers was exposed to crooks. the list goes on and on. Todd Anderson Hi Todd, I completely agree with you. There has been numerous incident in past few years about computer hacking and hackers getting into people’s personal accounts. Since we all know the technology invention and I think there will be something designed to stop this happening. But the question is there would be more incidents which we will be facing 20 years from now. Before 20 years our dependency wasn’t like it is now in technology and I am sure in 20 years from now we will depend more on the technology and it’s for sure there will be many more new things and new incidents. Tiffany Smith 1 posts Re:Module 7 DQ 2 Well to be honest I really don’t have an...
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...Unit 9 Exercise 1 Research Software Deployment Options To: Business Manager From: IT Consultant Manually gathering all files needed for distribution is a tedious job, but provides the developer full user control over what files are deployed to the target computer. One of the most common problems developers experience when deploying test software is missing or incorrect versions of file dependencies. A file dependency is a secondary file that a file requires to compile, load, or run correctly. Normally dependencies come in the form of DLLs, .NET assemblies or subVIs. It is extremely important that you identify exactly what dependencies your test software requires, as well as their versions. This can be challenging and in many cases one might need a third-party product to determine the explicit dependencies of a file. Since it’s extremely easy to forget to include various dependencies in the deployment image, a tool that packages all relative files together for easy distribution would be nice. The NI TestStand Deployment Utility greatly simplifies this process by using workspaces and project files to collect all of the files required to successfully distribute your test software to a target computer. The NI TestStand Deployment Utility is tightly integrated with LabVIEW facilitating the deployment of the VIs that make up your test system. One of LabVIEW’s biggest benefits is that it is inherently modular. Although LabVIEW applications can be compiled into monolithic executables...
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...Dell Strategic Management Assignment/Case Study Solution Dell Strategic Management Assignment/Case Study. It reviews the organizational structure, vision, mission, SWOT, PESTEL Analysis, Strategic Group Map Competition and Product Positioning Map of Dell. This is a sample paper. If you like to order your own paper, please Click Here Introduction This report undergoes a strategic management overview of Dell, one of the leading PC vendors of the world with a unique operations model focusing on built to order and direct to consumer frameworks. The report begins with a comprehensive overview of the company’s operations, its hierarchy, location and principle of logistics. An understanding of the vision, mission and objectives allows for the strategic analysis to be put into context and perspective. Our first strategic analysis tool is the SWOT analysis followed by an internal and external factor analysis. This is accompanied by a TWOS matrix allowing the report to pin point specific strategies which may help the organization cash on its strength and opportunities to offset threats. An overview of the life cycle of the industry is followed by a PEST analysis. Understanding the political factors is critical and along with the location principles explained in the first section – allows us to pin point some strategic direction for the company. Similarly the economic, social and technological factors are discussed for the industry and the implications for Dell on a strategic level. A competitive...
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...of Organizations Prof. David Ager TF: Shawna Bowden Paper 2: Option 1 Apple’s challenges and its dependency on market Apple was founded in 1976 and has, since its founding, offered a line of products that was distinct from that of its competitors. In the very beginning, it was actually the first company to sell an easy-to-use, desktop computer. The Apple II was very successful, and started the market for personal computers, bringing it to over $1 billion in less than three years.[1] However, within a few years, IBM and Microsoft entered the market, and by 1982 the IBM-compatibles had driven down Apple’s share to just 6.2%[2]. Since then, Apple has launched several other successful product lines, such as the PowerPC, iMAC or MacBook. But in retrospect, one can only wonder why despite Apple’s initial success and its easy-use, versatile product line, its market share in the PC market has remained so low. Even in the past few years, it has produced less than 5% of the PCs sold worldwide.[3] According to resource dependency theory[4], organizations are often controlled by external forces, and their ability to transform their goals is limited by those who they depend on for their survival. These outside actors range from suppliers to venture partners to advocacy groups and to competitors. The path of Apple has been influenced by the demand for a particular kind of computers and by the PC model that was prevalent in the market. In my paper, I will attempt to explain Apples successes...
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