...Carla is an orphan, she lack of early childhood education a. There is abundant evidence that children’s early life is strongly influenced by disadvantage and impoverish environments and create vulnerability to health and wellbeing (Keleher and MacDougall 2004). Carla raised two children alone since young age, it makes her stressful. Thus, she had to concentrate on work and on children simultaneously which easily lead mental and physical exhaustion. According to American Psychological Association(APA), chronic stress makes people feel fatigued, unable to concentrate or irritable for any reason. However, it will be a lot easier when her neighbors help to share childcare duties. The neighbors provide the effective social support, and Carla is able to cope with stress better and resist crisis. When her children grew up and friends left, she is unhappy and lonely. In this situation, she lost the social support from family and friends. Silantieva (2014) states...
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...The aim of this essay is to examine the notion that many aspects of an individual’s environment can affect his/her health. To do this I (avoid using the personal pronoun “I”) will look at both the physical and social aspects of a person’s environment (the students were asked to consider both the physical and social environment – students who covered only one of these got a low mark) . I will attempt to make clear the links between these elements and will consider how they impact on health. There are numerous factors influencing health, such as age, race, gender to name a few. However, for the purpose of this essay I intend to concentrate on a number of other elements also thought to be key factors influencing health; social class, employment, income, housing and place of residence. (This has set the scene well showing that the student knows that many factors can affect health but then tells us which ones she will concentrate on). Social Class Table 1 Social class classification Higher managerial and professional e.g. company directors, bank managers, senior civil servant e.g. doctors, barristers and solicitors, teachers, social workers Lower managerial and professional e.g. nurses, actors and musicians, police, soldiers Intermediate e.g. secretaries, clerks Small employers and own account workers e.g. publicans, playgroup leaders, farmers, taxi drivers Lower supervisory, craft and related occupations e.g. printers, plumbers, butchers, train drivers ...
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...Psychology Stress And Health Stress and Health Psychology Andrew Arnold March 25, 2010 Ever wonder about how stress affects our bodies and our health? This word stress is thrown around by the media so much it’s losing its meaning but have you ever wondered how they define stress? The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines stress as a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension and may be a factor in disease causation. Our text book defines stress as the term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging. Stress-causing events are called stressors, they can come from external sources or from within us and can scale from relatively mild to quite serious. There are things, events, and conflicts that cause people to “stress-out.” These are called stressors. Stressors can be anything from something small, like being stuck in traffic during rush hour or something big like an earthquake or hurricane. Stressors can also be imaginary, such as financial stress such as, where the next mortgage payment will come from. There are two kinds of stressors, one is distress which is the bad stress and eustress which is the good stress that motivates us as people to do well. There are certain environmental factors that can affect our stress levels and sometimes we cannot control the outcome of these events, these are basic ups and downs of life. An example...
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...Assessing Population Health Introduction: This essay is about assessing a community profile of Lewisham population. The health issue to be discussed is childhood obesity in Lewisham Borough. The essay will define population health, and give a brief overview of childhood obesity. It will give the rationale why the writer decided to write on this issue. The essay will describe the population, and explain briefly why it is important. It will explore the factors that influence this particular population including geographical location, neighbourhood, educational attainment, family members, peer groups, social economic factors and culture as well as ethnicity. It will critically discuss the health profile of the population group and exploring the factors that lie beneath the profile. More importantly, the essay will analyse the main factors that influence the contemporary health of the given population in relation the determinants of health of the population health as well as the indicators of the population's risk and morbidity rates. It will look at the health needs of the population and examine the external and internal factors that could influence their behaviours and choice. It will make conclusion and recommendations on how to improve this health issue and enable the writer to understand the subject in great depth. The primary reason why the writer has chosen to focus on childhood obesity is because she wants to meet the learning outcomes of the module in order...
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...According to world health organization, health is a state of physical, mental, and social wellbeing and not the absence of diseases or infirmity. Health starts at home, school, workplace, neighborhood, and communities. Eating well, no smoking, immunization, screening tests, seeing doctors when we are sick, good food and relationships. (HP 2020 data)The social determinants, these includes (1) Personal income, like if the income is low, it will affect the daily living. (2)social support (3)Education ;for example, the more educated you are the more you are likely to live healthy life style.(4) Employment; like if one is employed, it will determine the geographical location of that individual. (5) working conditions; If there no industry, no job, no schools, there will be unemployment, creating problem to the society. (6)social And physical environment; like if the area, where the water is polluted or swampy area like in sub-urban areas.in social, like in interpersonal relationships or social gatherings, or recreational centers, or fitness centers, health centers, parks, amusement centers, tourist centers to mention a few. All these also determine health. (7) Personal health practices. Like in exercises, eating healthy, having rest, and maintaining quality of good health. (8) Socio-Economic status; like the more money you have ,the more likely you will take care of yourself, eat well, do exercise and under take preventive health and more. (9) Health care rationing (10) Health services (11)...
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...look at how and why researchers may link medical information with other non-medical information, for example, where people live, their income and their education. An understanding of how these factors affect an individual’s health can help us to look beyond the healthcare system for ways to improve the health of New Zealanders. These factors are called the social determinants of health. This essay will take a closer look at some of these social determinants and how they can influence people’s health and well-being. It will also discuss research articles that provide examples of influences of social determinants of health relating to adults. Paragraph 2: SDH approach. Your discussion...
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...Microeconomics examples of topics for essay#1 IMPORTANT Guidelines for essay - You are doing a short research paper. Therefore, you need come up with research questions or thesis. Think what interests you in what we cover in the class. For example, o If you are interested in outsourcing, your research questions could be “Is the US better off or worse off because of the outsourcing to China?”. Then you go do a research on it. Find academic articles or news articles that support and/or against outsourcing. o You do research by reading those articles that you found and then combine the information you find into a unified paper that represents your fully formed expertise. The key to the whole thing is "combining," so as you do your research, look for facts and information that go well together and help explain (or disagree with) each other o You may start your introduction and research questions. Then start a second paragraph with a short explanation of what is “outsourcing” and state facts such as how many dollars or how many jobs the US outsourced to China in 2010. o The paper must show an analysis of a real world outsourcing situation such as what are the problems with the outsourcing, why there are the problems, how to fix the problems, what the pros and cons of each solution are, and how it will affect consumers who buy imported goods at Walmart or exporters to China. o Warning: You should...
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...chose or my articles are reliable, relevant sources for my Personal Responsibility Essay. Managed Healthcare Executive for example is a reliable source; they are members of the Modern Medicine Network. This network consists of Editorial Advisory Board and Professional Advisory Council members. There is no author bias; the information published is actual facts, driven by statistics and research. Below is the section I used from this article for my essay. “Consumers' personal choices and behaviors are significant determinants of their overall health, and those who fail to take personal responsibility for their health can cost the system billions of dollars each year. For example, a 2010 study from the UnitedHealth Center for Reform and Modernization found that more than 50% of Americans could have diabetes or pre-diabetes by 2020, carrying a cost of $3.35 trillion over the next decade. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, smokers cost the community more than $193 billion annually in lost productivity and healthcare costs ( Managed Healthcare Executive" (2013).” I was relevant to my essay; I want to show the reader the cost to all insurers because of people who refused to take care of their health. This information only proved the point I was trying to make so I feel that it strengthen my essay. The other source used for my essay is from a Journal called HEALTH EDUCATION JOURNAL. This Journal has been publishing since the 1940’s, because they...
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...that care is delivered in a systematic person-centred way is through effective care planning that involves the patient in the process as a key stake holder. Several systematic models to nursing care are available that will facilitate practitioners in ensuring that all needs of the individual are identified and met. This essay will define what is meant by the term “person centred care”, will explore the systematic nursing models of care delivery and will highlight good practice in constructing person-centred care plans. This will be done using examples of an original care plan (constructed by the author for a real patient whose name has been changed) - and will draw upon information and evidence from a range of contemporary sources. It is appropriate in the context of this essay to firstly define a “person”. A person should not be viewed as a mere physiological entity but rather as an intricate composite of characteristics that make up an individual personality (AHMD, 2007). The National Health and Hospitals Reform Commission (2008) stated that person centred care is the first principle for guiding the delivery of health care. It describes this as health care that is responsive to...
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...Discuss, with supporting evidence, the different ‘proximate’ and ‘fundamental’ determinants of poverty The World Bank states: “Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Poverty is being ill and not being able to see a doctor. Poverty is not having the ability to go to school and not being able to read. Poverty is being in unemployment. Poverty is losing a child to illness brought about by unclean water. Poverty is powerlessness, lack of representation and freedom.” (World Bank, as cited in Lang 2007, p.31). More than three billion people live on less than $2.50 a day which is approximately half the world’s population. In 2005, the developing world had about 72 million children of primary school age not enrolled in school; of this 72 million, 57 percent of them were girls. Each year, 2.2 million children die because they lack immunisation (Globalissues.org, 2013). This essay will discuss the fundamental determinants of poverty with the two main contenders being geography and institution. It would also discuss the proximate determinants of poverty in Kenya. What causes poverty is an important question when trying to explain poverty, but it is not one which can easily be answered. These causes can be grouped into ‘proximate’, ‘intermediate’ and ‘fundamental’ causes of poverty. The proximate cause is the ‘nearest cause’ in the chain of causation, ABCDE. The fundamental cause is what sets the chain of causation in motion. The fundamental cause of E is A, and B, C and D are intermediate...
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...In this essay I will be looking at the social and psychological determinants of health in the client group that I work with. This group is known as one of the most vulnerable group within the society and this is evident in its inequalities in health care. ‘Determinants of health’ is a term introduced in the1970s as part of a wider critique of public health research and policy. It was argued that too much research attention and too much health expenditure were being devoted to individuals and their illnesses and too little invested in populations and their health….. Public health, it was concluded, should be more concerned with social policies and social determinants than with health services and disease outcomes’ (Graham, 2004). The World Health Organisation (WHO) sees ‘inequalities in health care’ as the differences in health status or in the distribution of health determinants between different population groups. It can be the differences in mobility between elderly people and younger populations or differences in mortality rates between people from different social classes. Some inequalities in health are attributable to biological variations or free choice and others are attributable to the external environment and conditions mainly outside the control of the individuals concerned. The group of people I work with are people with ‘Learning disabilities’ (LD): “Learning disabilities is a state of arrested or incomplete development of the mind” (DH, 1995). A person with LD...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH Although, recently there is a growing literature on the importance of globalization for health, the term globalization has for long been used in academic discourse, particularly within the social and political science but relatively new in the discussion within public health. While the processes of globalization are far from straight forward, the concept of health is as well a complex one, which result into no consensus either on the pathways and mechanism through which globalization affects the health of population or on the appropriate policy responses (woodward et al 2001). However, there has been a significant increase interest on the issue of globalization within public health, although a contested one, since authors on public health are still undecided not only on the exact conclusion on the impact of globalization on public health, whether bad or good, but also as to whether globalization has actually cemented its place in the public health lexicon. Nevertheless, it is know that a broad-based public health should take note of significant economic, political and social changes that determine and shape people’s health, and this definitely will call for a proper theoretical approach to globalization in understanding the nature of these contemporary economic, political and social changes (Stuart McClean in Orme et. al. 2007). This essay will describe the relationship between globalization and public health. It will first begin, by exploring...
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...Introduction In my final paper I will be discussing the health inequality in the social stratification in Canada and how our socioeconomic status can affect our health to be good or poor. Our health is determined by society and what level of power, authority and accomplishment that people achieve in the social hierarchy. In my essay I will be addressing and comparing the health inequalities people in different scale in the social economic face when it comes to income, education, housing, transportation, employment and health service. These are just the few things that effect our ability of achieve good health. I will also explain how race and immigrants can also determines inequalities, when it comes to their health, especially people of color...
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...The purpose of this essay is review the strategies that are aimed at either preventing obesity or decreasing the burden of health related issues caused by obesity that currently exists within Australia. Obesity is identified as one of the Australia’s National Health Priority areas. Globally obesity ranks as the fifth leading cause of mortality. Obesity is also a major contributor to the burden of diabetes at 44%, ischaemic heart disease at 23% and around 7 to 41% for certain cancers.1 In this essay I will be focusing on childhood obesity, where it is estimated that in 2010, 43 million children under the age of 5 years will be categorised as being overweight or obese.1 Queensland unfortunately has the highest rate of obesity within Australia at around 18.5% of the population. Of which 19 to 24% of Australian school age children are overweight or obese.2 Whilst researching this issue I came across Bowen Athletics Club who investigated the influence of improving food choices in their canteen had on their members. Many of their strategies incorporated initiatives that had been tabled within the Eat Well Queensland project, which looked at Social Determinants of health, productivity and cooperation from local and state governments and non-government agencies. I will then conclude that based on evidenced sourced that the actions and strategies that the Bowen Athletics Club used seemed sufficient enough in changing attitudes and behaviours of it’s members. Obesity is caused by an...
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...Epidemiology of Chickenpox Karissa N. Martinez Grand Canyon University: NRS-427V 05/16/2014 Epidemiology of Chickenpox This essay was written to explain the epidemiology of chickenpox and allow the reader to develop a better understanding of the disease. The author intended for the reader to become informed about the causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment and mortality and morbidity rates. Also, the reader will become familiar with the determinants of health and contributing factors to develop varicella, the relation of the epidemiologic triangle, the role of the community health nurse, as well as identify a national organization that reduces the impact of the disease on the community. Chickenpox also known as varicella is a highly infectious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus. Varicella zoster can cause two illnesses, the first is chickenpox and the second illness is herpes zoster also known as shingles. Transmission of this highly infectious disease is spread through droplet exposure and contact with fluid from blister like vesicles. Examples of exposure through droplets are sneezing, coughing and oral secretions inhaled causing infection to the new host. Chickenpox is easily spread two to three days before the rash appears and is contagious until all the vesicles are scabbed over (WebMD, 2013). Symptoms tend to develop fourteen to sixteen days after exposure; around day ten after the first symptom is when the blisters crust...
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