...According to Merriam Webster trauma means a deeply distressing or disturbing experiences. The brains is used to store and perceive information if a person experience trauma it cause them to have a long term affect from it. “Research shows that between the ages of 3 and 14 the rate of injury for children has increase”. There are different types of trauma acute which is a single event that lasts for a limited time, chronic which is multiple events over a longer period of time and complex which begins at a young age cause by adult’s negligence. In Hebrews chapter 11 and 1 says now faith is the substance of things hope for and evidence of things not seen. In some cultures they believe that faith is their medicine to help them alleviate some of their traumatic events. Developmental delay refers to a child not achieving developmental milestone at the normal age range. There are five developmental delays, gross motor, fine motor, language, cognitive and social. Genetic plays a factors in some developmental delays such as Down syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, rett syndrome, and muscular dystrophy. These multiple delays influence physical, and social developments. An example of a delay could be if the child was born prematurely, or if the mother had an infections like chlamydia and passed it to the baby during birth. If a mother experience any trauma during pregnancy or during birth like being exposed to drugs and alcohol. Unhealthy home environments where children are exposed...
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...Trauma, Development, and Spirituality Crissy Bontrager Liberty University Trauma, Development, and Spirituality Trauma during childhood can arise from a variety of circumstances. These circumstances can include neglect, maltreatment, various forms of abuse, divorce, to name a few. The effects of trauma during childhood vary as to the type of trauma the child may have suffered. However, the development of a child can be affected by trauma. Looking into the affects of trauma one can see how development may be affected as well as how cultural differences and spirituality may help the child cope with the affects. Thus, one must take a closer look at trauma during childhood. One of the types of trauma a child may endure is the divorce of his or her parents. Children from divorced homes often struggle in school and have difficulty adjusting. The child may feel as though he or she must choose a side, or even feel responsible for the parents divorcing (University of Phoenix, 2014). The stress of ongoing trauma in a high conflict divorce can affect the neurobiology of the development of the child’s brain. Moreover, some children exhibit signs of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) when struggling with the trauma of divorce (University of Phoenix, 2014). Thus, the level of conflict within a divorce situation directly affects the level of stress or trauma the child may endure. Additionally, other types of trauma have damaging effects beyond PTSD. A child, who suffers from...
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...Introduction Delays in children can be interpreted differently, unfortunately resulting in different prognosis of all children that are declared to have developmental delay. In this study “developmental delay is defined as a significant developmental difficulty achieving specific milestones when compared with the same age peers” (Perna & Loughan, 2013). These developmental delays depending on the severity can lead to social or emotional disorders as they grow from pre-school to upper grades. Children have developed social anxiety, manic episode, bipolar affective disorder, and psychotic depression due to developmental delays especially when there is delay in language obviously because of the lack of ability to communicate like their peers. With language impairments that continue as they grow they lack social skills because they have social phobia to interact with peers. Another concern with developmental delay is the cognitive and academic challenges that...
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...Trauma, Development, and Spirituality Clayton Newsome Dr. Pamela Todd Counseling 502 September 11, 2014 Introduction People can suffer from many different situations throughout their life time. Trauma is one effect that can cause a person to do things out of the ordinary. When a person suffers from trauma it can affect them for the rest of their life. In this essay I will discuss how trauma can affect a person through development as well as spiritually. Neural Development Trauma can affect a child’s neural development and will attack their fine motor skills in a way where it is hard for them to function. In young children, gross motor, fine motor, and cognitive development are intertwined processes related to the maturation timetables of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Neurons are migrating, proliferating, and making more complex connections. Children become capable of more sophisticated communications with the production of neurotransmitters. Myelination, the sheathing of neurons in protective layers of fatty and protein substances, increases the rate of neuronal firing and facilitates faster, more complex signals between brain cells and from the brain to the rest of the body (Roehlkepartain, 2006). Children who are tested for ADHD are normally given a false reading, which causes a since of not know for sure how many children have the disorder. There are drug treatments for this type of disorder such as Ritalin or Dexadrine. However, some studies suggest...
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...Curriculum Paper Lisa Lester ECE205 Introduction to Child development Brigit Fowler April 22, 2012 Developmental Delay can be easily detected by many if ones pay close attention to the growth and milestone stages within children. There are different things that cause a child to be delayed such as Genetics, if a child is born with a form of abnormalities in the chromosomes they could have Down syndrome for which they would have not only cosmetic problems but, it can cause them to have some other complications with speech, cognitive and motor skills. Another risk factor could be due to their environment whether it is lack of maternal care, exposure to toxins (drugs or lead); another thing could be if the mother has HIV or AIDs it passes to the fetus. Medical Professionals have said that infants born with fetal alcohol syndrome also suffer delay. Children with Delays are not always born with them, there are times that delays are due to a trauma at different ages, example could be a child is beaten and suffers brain trauma the end result can be brain damage for which they will have delays. There could be an accident for which a child endures serious injuries and are put in a medical coma, with that a child could suffer long term damage. Many things play a big part in a child having developmental delays. In order to effectively address a delayed child’s needs, an instructor must first know what area of development that child needs help with...
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...Complexly traumatized youth frequently suffer from body dysregulation, meaning they over-respond or underrespond to sensory stimuli. For example, they may be hypersensitive to sounds, smells, touch or light, or they may suffer from anesthesia and analgesia, in which they are unaware of pain, touch, or internal physical sensations. As a result they may injure themselves without feeling pain, suffer from physical problems without being aware of them, or, the converse – they may complain of chronic pain in various body areas for which no physical cause can be found. Effects of Complex Trauma. (2014). Retrieved September 7, 2014. Think of what it is like for young children to be in traumatic situations. They can feel totally helpless and passive. They can cry for help or desperately wish for someone to intervene. They can feel deeply threatened by separation from parents or caretakers. Young children rely on a "protective shield" provided by adults and older siblings to judge the seriousness of danger and to ensure their safety and welfare. They often don't recognize a traumatic danger until it happens, for example, in a near drowning, attack by a dog, or accidental scalding. They can be the target of physical and sexual abuse by the very people they rely on for their own protection and safety. Young children can witness violence within the family or be left helpless after a parent or caretaker is injured, as might occur in a serious automobile accident. They have the most difficulty...
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...Child Abuse and Its Effects on the Child’s Ability to Form Attachments The moment that a child is conceived begins a lifelong journey of attachment. Studies have shown that embryos begin bonding in the womb when they feel movement, hear voices, and through the stimulation of smell and taste. This attachment with a caregiver grows even stronger when the child is born and as they move into childhood develops further into other relationships. The intensity associated with the importance of this development is best described by Perry (2001), “The most important property of humankind is the capacity to form and maintain relationships. These relationships are absolutely necessary for any of us to survive, learn, work, love and procreate” (p. 1). That is, as long as the proper environment and development is exposed to the child. Exposure to constant distress or inflicted abuse and/or neglect to a child can result in reactive attachment disorder, along with many other socioemotional problems and disorders. This will affect all relationships, as well as their ability to accomplish goals and lead a directed, goal-oriented life. When and if others intervene within the abusive situation, will determine how the child will deal with an attachment disorder. If intervention does not occur, attachment disorders associated with abuse and/or neglect can lead to violence in children and adults. There are ways to help children cope with this disorder, but it will become a struggle they will have...
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...Developmental milestones are transitional stages in cognitive, physical and psychosocial abilities in children and infants. In this essay I am going to focus on a scenario whereby Despite the difficult birth, Shannon has reached all of her developmental milestones. Her mother, Alison, is 12 weeks pregnant. She is thrilled but concerned because her last birth was difficult, with a prolonged labour, resulting in a forceps delivery. Her father, Ian, is a fly in – fly out worker and wants to work nearer home, but so far, no jobs have been forthcoming. In this case I am a child health nurse who sees Shannon for her regular health and developmental check.Chidren undergo diverse changes as they grow from infants to adults and therefore pass through distinct period of development. These changes are genetically determines and are highly influenced by the environment. In this essay I will focus more on developmental theories and changes that Shannon may experience on her developmental stages. By the end of the essay Shannon parents should have clearly understood the skills knowledge and techniques of bringing up Shannon all through her developmental milestones. evaluation Also keep in mind that there are some situations in which children become severely inhibited and unable to reach certain milestones within an acceptable time frame. Developmental delays in a child’s functioning caused by disease, injury, mental disability, problems developing in the womb, environmental reasons, trauma...
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...depending on the precise needs of the families. The needs of families may be affordable daycare, education, employment opportunities, low-housing and substance treatment. By help, the families with these need decrease the stress in the home and promote a safe environment. (DePanfilis, 2006). With FBSS help change the environment it impacts the developmental...
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...What’s Eating Gilbert Grape: A Look at Various Life Stages Writer COUN5004- Survey of Research in Human Development for Professional Counselors Abstract The life stages for an individual changes as a person grows older and has various experiences in life. There is a change in the physical, intellectual, social, and emotional growth as an individual age. “The process of development is linked to internal conflicts, changing self-awareness, and a dynamic social environment” (Newman & Newman, 2012). Understanding the current stage, assist the counselor in therapeutically preparing for treatment. This paper will view the members of the Gilbert family including Gilbert, Arnie, and Bonnie Grape through various life stages from school age to middle adulthood. As the individual grows, the family dynamics are changing and will need to adjust to the current life stressors. A struggle that often presents through the various life stages is a need to further develop personal identify. This may not always be easily achieved if depression, caregiver stress, or mental illness hinders a person from achieving it. Title of Paper What’s Eating Gilbert Grape (1993) is the story of a family living in Endora, Iowa. The narrator, Gilbert Grape, describes the story of his family and the trials of the Grape family. The story centers on preparing for Arnie Grape, Gilbert’s youngest brother, 18th birthday party. The story follows as the family prepares for Arnie’s birthday while viewing the...
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...Family Systems Explain in detail (using course readings/presentations from this and the last module/week) the relationship between family systems and healthy development. How can one discern a healthy family system? What are the determining factors that distinguish healthy family systems? Discuss the effects of an unhealthy family system on development. Give details on family systems and how they affect physical (neural), emotional, spiritual, and social development. Are differing viewpoints considered, analyzed, and treated? Essay 2 – Trauma, Development, and Spirituality Explain in detail (using course readings/presentations from this module/week) how trauma can affect development, more specifically neural development. Discuss how spiritual development can counter the effects of trauma. What are the determining factors that lead to developmental delays when a child is exposed to trauma? Give details on the prevalence of different types of trauma and if they differ among different cultures. Are differing viewpoints considered, analyzed, and treated? Essay 3 –...
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...environmental change and / or change in daily routine unusual responses to sensory experiences In some cases, those with autism excel in math, art, and music Deaf-Blindness Deaf and blindness are impairments in hearing or an impairment of sight. It can also be a combination of the two. This impairment often restricts access to communication, the environment, and people. Both can be caused by birth defects, disease, and injury Both can create difficulties in communication With either impairment, students have the ability to excel in many subjects Developmental Delay Developmental delay is a condition of a child being less developed mentally and / or physically than is considered normal for its age. Often called “developmental milestones” Can be caused by genetics, complications of pregnancy and birth, and environmental issues Often observed with children who are born premature There are five developmental areas evaluated: Cognitive development, Physical development, Communication development, Social or emotional development, Adaptive behavior or skills development Emotional Disturbance Is a condition that exhibits one or more of the following characteristics over an extended period of time and adversely affects a child’s ability to learn: An inability to learn that cannot be...
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...Adolescent Cognitive Development After Trauma Raquel A. Figueroa Liberty University COUN 620-B02 Abstract In a generation of hopelessness, adolescents seek a purpose for their existence. They seek refugee from violence, abuse and maltreatment. The overwhelming pressure opens the door for instant gratification in drugs, alcohol, sexual activity, and fail to make appropriate adjustments in compromising circumstances. There is a correlation between traumatic experiences and adolescent cognitive development. A traumatic experience can alter an adolescent’s neural system and adversely affect the latter stages of brain development. Working with survivors of traumatic events requires an understanding of maladaptive behaviors, reactions and coping skills. Behavioral patterns emerge and become part of an adolescent’s personality. This paper will highlight the impact of traumatic experiences on adolescent cognitive development and their ability to foster an intrinsic knowledge of self. Maltreatment of adolescents has reached epidemic proportions within the United States. According to Bright (2008), “One in four children/adolescents experience at least one traumatic event before age 16” (p. 11). A study commissioned by Finkelhor, Ormrod, & Turner (2005) concluded the exposure to “physical abuse, sexual abuse, witnessing domestic violence, community violence, and natural disasters is a common occurrence among children in the U.S.” (p. 314). Reports of...
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...these disorders, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, behavioral problems, and motor dysfunction. The disorders can be genetic or acquired from trauma, heredity, the environment, or illness. One of the disorders covered under this definition would be ADHD, or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. This paper will discuss the behavioral criteria for this disorder, along with the incidence rates, causes, and two treatment options. Neurocognitive disorders are disorders that show a decline in the individual’s cognitive abilities that are observable by others and can be tested with the use of cognitive assessments. The loss of cognitive abilities can be caused from disease, illness, or trauma. The neurocognitive disorders are Delirium, Dementia, and Amnestic. Further discussion will be on dementia from Alzheimer’s. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder If your child has issues with paying attention, difficulty in organizing activities and paying attention to detail, talks excessively, and cannot remain in their seat, they may have ADHD. According to the CDC (2013) the criteria for ADHD would be: Inattention: Six or more symptoms of inattention for children up to age 16, or five or more for adolescents 17 and older and adults; symptoms of inattention have been present for at least 6 months, and they are inappropriate for developmental level. (Para 4) The symptoms for inattention would be: • May not give close enough attention to detail and make careless mistakes. • Finds...
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...Richard Q. Bell (Author of Psychological review and Child effects on adults) thought that even though trauma and risks were inevitable to an environment, that the child’s differences in behavior were less likely to be genetically influenced rather than being environmentally influenced. The research for environmental effects was not only done on infants, but also on middle schoolers and high schoolers. The environmentally risks included a parents influences (Maternal drug and alcohol use, as well as severe maternal stress) as well as in adolescent’s use of cannabis can be tied back to being in the womb. The most common of disorders, depression, has been linked to a combination of early developmental experiences, genetic vulnerability, and exposure to many stressors such as traumatic experiences. Even though each and every child reacts to stress in a different way due to an adolescent’s personality and situation, many types of family organization/traumatic experiences are closely related to the development of mental illness symptoms in...
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