...cooperate with other people. The strategies and solutions of the questions in this project work were discussed among me and a group of friends. This makes things easier and saved a lot of time. The management of time is also important to complete this project work. Other than this assignment, I have homework, extra co curricular activities and tuition classes to attend. Thus a good management of time is essential for me to complete this given task and not to disrupt my daily activities. Perseverance has taught me to be steady and persistent in doing something. In spite of many difficulties I faced throughout the whole procedure I learned that giving up is just not right solution. Obstacles and discouragement should be endured the course of action should be held on with unyielding determination to see obtain sweet fruit of success. I had also learned to appreciate the beauty of mathematics. Waxing eloquently on the basic importance of Mathematics in human life, Roger Bacon (1214-1294), an English Franciscan friar, philosopher, scientist and scholar of the 13th century, once stated: "Neglect of mathematics works injury to all knowledge, since he who is ignorant of it cannot know the other sciences or the things of the world." And the ingenuity of his statement is there before us to see, in this Internet era. Objectives: My objectives to achieve upon completion of the Additional Mathematics Project Work are: 1. to realize the...
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...Title: The Probability that the Sum of two dice when thrown is equal to seven Purpose of Project * To carry out simple experiments to determine the probability that the sum of two dice when thrown is equal to seven. Variables * Independent- sum * Dependent- number of throws * Controlled- Cloth covered table top. Method of data collection 1. Two ordinary six-faced gaming dice was thrown 100 times using three different method which can be shown below. i. The dice was held in the palm of the hand and shaken around a few times before it was thrown onto a cloth covered table top. ii. The dice was placed into a Styrofoam cup and shaken around few times before it was thrown on a cloth covered table top. iii. The dice was placed into a glass and shaken around a few times before it was thrown onto a cloth covered table top. 2. All result was recoded and tabulated. 3. A probability tree was drawn. Presentation of Data Throw by hand Sum of two dice | Frequency | 23456789101112 | 4485161516121172 | Throw by Styrofoam cup Sum of two dice | Frequency | 23456789101112 | 2513112081481072 | Throw by Glass Sum of two dice | Frequency | 23456789101112 | 18910121214121174 | Sum oftwo dice | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Total | Experiment1 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 12 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 100 | Experiment2 | 2 | 5 | 13 | 11 | 20 | 8 | 14 | 8 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 100 | Experiment3 | 1 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 11...
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...The Hard Side of Change Management LEADERSHIP THE HARD SIDE OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT BY HAROLD L. SIRKIN, PERRY KEENAN, AND ALAN JACKSON FROM THE OCTOBER 2005 ISSUE 1 W $8.95 HEN FRENCH NOVELIST JEAN-BAPTISTE ALPHONSE KARR WROTE “PLUS ÇA CHANGE, PLUS C’EST LA MÊME CHOSE,” HE COULD HAVE BEEN PENNING AN EPIGRAM ABOUT CHANGE MANAGEMENT. FOR OVER THREE DECADES, ACADEMICS, MANAGERS, AND CONSULTANTS, REALIZING THAT TRANSFORMING ORGANIZATIONS IS DIFFICULT, HAVE DISSECTED THE SUBJECT. THEY’VE SUNG THE PRAISES OF LEADERS WHO COMMUNICATE VISION AND WALK THE TALK IN ORDER TO MAKE CHANGE EFFORTS SUCCEED. THEY’VE SANCTIFIED THE IMPORTANCE OF CHANGING ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND EMPLOYEES’ ATTITUDES. THEY’VE TEASED OUT THE TENSIONS BETWEEN TOP-DOWN TRANSFORMATION EFFORTS AND PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES TO CHANGE. AND THEY’VE EXHORTED COMPANIES TO LAUNCH CAMPAIGNS THAT APPEAL TO PEOPLE’S HEARTS AND MINDS. STILL, STUDIES SHOW THAT IN MOST ORGANIZATIONS, TWO OUT OF THREE TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVES FAIL. THE MORE THINGS CHANGE, THE MORE THEY STAY THE SAME. MANAGING CHANGE IS TOUGH, BUT PART OF THE PROBLEM IS THAT THERE IS LITTLE AGREEMENT ON WHAT FACTORS MOST INFLUENCE TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVES. ASK FIVE EXECUTIVES TO NAME THE ONE FACTOR CRITICAL FOR THE SUCCESS OF THESE PROGRAMS, AND YOU’LL PROBABLY GET FIVE DIFFERENT ANSWERS. THAT’S BECAUSE EACH MANAGER LOOKS AT AN INITIATIVE FROM HIS OR HER VIEWPOINT AND, BASED ON PERSONAL EXPERIENCE...
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...700+ GMAT Problem Solving Probability and Combinations Questions With Explanations Collected by Bunuel Solutions by Bunuel gmatclub.com 1. Mary and Joe are to throw three dice each. The score is the sum of points on all three dice. If Mary scores 10 in her attempt what is the probability that Joe will outscore Mary in his? A. 24/64 B. 32/64 C. 36/64 D. 40/64 E. 42/64 Expected value of a roll of one dice is 1/6(1+2+3+4+5+6)=3.5. Expected value of three dices is 3*3.5=10.5. Mary scored 10 so the probability to have more then 10, or more then average is the same as to have less than average=1/2. P=1/2. Answer: B. Discussed at: http://gmatclub.com/forum/mother-mary-comes-to-me-86407.html 2. Denise is trying to open a safe whose combination she does not know. IF the safe has 4000 possible combinations, and she can try 75 different possibilities, what is the probability that she does not pick the one correct combination. A. 1 B. 159/160 C. 157/160 D. 3/160 E. 0 When trying the first time the probability Denise doesn't pick the correct combination=3999/4000 Second time, as the total number of possible combinations reduced by one, not picking the right one would be 3998/3999. Third time 3997/3998 ... And the same 75 times. So we get: [pic] every denominator but the first will cancel out and every nominator but the last will cancel out as well. We'll get 3925/4000=157/160. Answer: C. Discussed at: http://gmatclub.com/forum/4000-possible-combination-84435...
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...Chapter 1. Nature of Research | 1.1. Why Business Research is Needed | * To make a decision on business strategy * To analyze market * To understand and predict demand * To learn about competition * To improve marketing and sales efforts * To introduce new products and services * For many other reasons | | | 1.2. Defining Research | 1.2.1. What is Involved in Research | A research involves the following: | What is Involved in Research | Activity | What Kind | Why | inquiry investigation experimentation examination creation | systematic studious critical diligent exhaustive orderly objective logical | to discover facts to revise accepted principles or conclusions to find new truths to avoid status quo | | 1.2.2. What is Research | Thus Research is | * A systematic, studious inquiry to discover facts, to find new truths, and to avoid status quo. * An orderly, exhaustive investigation to revise accepted principles or conclusions. * A diligent, objective examination to find new truths and revise accepted principles or conclusions. * Other … | 1.2.3. Is There a Better Definition of Research? | One important element in research is that of curiosity! | Research requires of a person an attitude of inquisitiveness: | * I wonder how … * I wonder why … * I wonder what … * I wonder where … * I wonder … | The researcher seeks to know reasons and causes behind events and behavior. | Research...
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...The Hard Side of Change Management by Harold L. Sirkin, Perry Keenan, and Alan Jackson Companies must pay as much attention to the hard side of change management as they do to the soft aspects. By rigorously focusing on four critical elements, they can stack the odds in favor of success. When French novelist Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Karr wrote “Plus ça change, plus c’est la même chose,” he could have been penning an epigram about change management. For over three decades, academics, managers, and consultants, realizing that transforming organizations is difficult, have dissected the subject. They’ve sung the praises of leaders who communicate vision and walk the talk in order to make change efforts succeed. They’ve sanctified the importance of changing organizational culture and employees’ attitudes. They’ve teased out the tensions between top-down transformation efforts and participatory approaches to change. And they’ve exhorted companies to launch campaigns that appeal to people’s hearts and minds. Still, studies show that in most organizations, two out of three transformation initiatives fail. The more things change, the more they stay the same. Managing change is tough, but part of the problem is that there is little agreement on what factors most influence transformation initiatives. Ask five executives to name the one factor critical for the success of these programs, and you’ll probably get five different answers. That’s because each manager looks at an initiative...
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...Fundamental Economic Concepts • • • • • • • • • Demand, Supply, and Equilibrium Total, Average, and Marginal Analysis Finding the Optimum Point Present Value, Discounting & Net Present Value Risk and Expected Value Probability Distributions Standard Deviation & Coefficient of Variation Normal Distributions and the Standard Unit Relationship Between Risk & Return Slide 1 Demand Curves PRICE/Q $5 • A demand curve shows the greatest quantity of a good demanded at each price the consumers are willing to buy, holding other influences constant (ceteris paribus). 20 Quantity / time unit Slide 2 Sam + Diane = Market • The market demand curve is the horizontal SUM of the individual demand curves. • The demand function includes all variables that influence demand. 4 3 7 Q = f( P, Ps, Pc, I, N, Pe) + ? + + P is price of the good PS is the price of substitute goods PC is the price of complementary goods I is income, N is population, Pe is the expected future price Slide 3 Determinants of Demand i. ii. iii. Pc iv. v. vi. vii. viii. xi. x. price, P price of substitute goods, Ps price of complementary goods, income, I advertising, A advertising by competitors, Ac size of population, N, expected future prices, Pe adjustment time period, Ta taxes or subsidies, T/S • The list of variables that could likely affect demand varies for different industries and products. • The ones on the left tend to be significant. Slide 4 Supply...
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...different ways can these questions be selected? ((q,5) = tlu,,, [ ',1 rt, r tAG printer simultaneously. don'1 l^q^,e h cfroryt ll,on [^^ m/q b) = 6. Six people in the computer lab all send documents to the In how many ways can the jobs be processed? a^*tr b ekDts; 6! ry ,iloro P 0"t 72 o dno'',fi,* (+t 7. Suppose a password consists of 5 case sensitive letters. You can use upper or lower case in each position. a HowrnanY d,ffi 1il.st,PUg =5/ (,t uppercase tr "tffi;'='Uid^f*t ,t io,7o\D3z,aw" 7b b. If a password is generated at random find the probability that it consists of all letters. n(5) * 57 5 u,1rtl/CIarL Q=natofalA '2b5 rn [e) = 7b 2b 7h 2b P(M'*= , aTl7-5 (+l group of 14 employees (6 women, 8 men) work in the same office. a. In how many different ways can four people be chosen for a project team? B. Suppose a...
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...BUSINESS STATISTICS DEMYSTIFIED Demystified Series Advanced Statistics Demystified Algebra Demystified Anatomy Demystified Astronomy Demystified Biology Demystified Business Statistics Demystified Calculus Demystified Chemistry Demystified College Algebra Demystified Earth Science Demystified Everyday Math Demystified Geometry Demystified Physics Demystified Physiology Demystified Pre-Algebra Demystified Project Management Demystified Statistics Demystified Trigonometry Demystified BUSINESS STATISTICS DEMYSTIFIED STEVEN M. KEMP, Ph.D SID KEMP, PMP McGRAW-HILL New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-147107-3 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-144024-0. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been...
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...Little booklet of Risk Management Terminologies Babou Srinivasan, PMP Little booklet of Risk Management Terminologies I dedicate this booklet to all Risk Management Gurus & Project Managers who takes risk management a serious stream in managing their projects 2 Little booklet of Risk Management Terminologies Contents Project Risk.................................................................................................................................................... 5 Risk Management Processes......................................................................................................................... 6 Known Risks - Unknown Risks ....................................................................................................................... 8 Risk Category............................................................................................................................................... 10 SWOT Analysis............................................................................................................................................. 12 Risk Response Planning Strategies.............................................................................................................. 14 Contingency Plan & Fallback Plan ............................................................................................................... 16 Residual Risk ..........................................................................
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...Purpose of the study In response to the growing need for moral accountants who possess ethical and reflective qualities; an ethics education program was developed based on ethics as a reflective, critical capacity. This paper aims to describe the impact of the program on reporting behavior. In the abstract of this article it states that the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of an ethics education program on actual behavior rather than hypothetical situations using a quasi-experimental design with two student groups. A ‘quasi-experiment’ is an observational study in which the subjects to be observed are not randomly assigned to different groups in order to control the assignment to the treatment condition. Throughout the abstract and introduction, the researchers provided several arguments to establish the significance of their study. The main arguments were that honest reporting under anonymous conditions suggests that students have internalized ethical values toward honest reporting and that individuals who report honestly even when anonymous are more likely to have internalized ethical values toward honest reporting. The title of the article is strong and the research topic is valid; it clearly shows the purpose of the article is some kind of experiment or observation that discusses the impact of ethics education in regards to reporting information. The article effectively discusses the need for more ethical accountants when it cites previous articles from Desplaces...
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...Edited by Foxit Reader Copyright(C) by Foxit Software Company,2005-2007 For Evaluation Only. Fisher College of Business Working Paper Series Charles A. Dice Center for Research in Financial Economics Risk Management Failures: What Are They and When Do They Happen? René M. Stulz, Department of Finance, The Ohio State University, NBER, and ECGI Dice Center WP 2008-18 Fisher College of Business WP 2008-03-017 October 2008 This paper can be downloaded without charge from: http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=1278073 An index to the working paper in the Fisher College of Business Working Paper Series is located at: http://www.ssrn.com/link/Fisher-College-of-Business.html fisher.osu.edu Risk management failures: What are they and when do they happen? René Stulz* October 2008 Abstract A large loss is not evidence of a risk management failure because a large loss can happen even if risk management is flawless. I provide a typology of risk management failures and show how various types of risk management failures occur. Because of the limitations of past data in assessing the probability and the implications of a financial crisis, I conclude that financial institutions should use scenarios for credible financial crisis threats even if they perceive the probability of such events to be extremely small. * Reese Chair of Banking and Monetary Economics, Fisher College of Business, Ohio State University, NBER, and ECGI. I am grateful for assistance from Jérôme...
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...Efficient portfolio & Stock market efficiency Prepared by: Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Zaki Nofal Submitted to: Dr.Tarek el Domiaty Modern portfolio theory Modern portfolio theory (MPT) is a theory of finance which attempts to maximize portfolio expected return for a given amount of portfolio risk, or equivalently minimize risk for a given level of expected return, by carefully choosing the proportions of various assets. Although MPT is widely used in practice in the financial industry and several of its creators won a Nobel memorial prize[1] for the theory, in recent years the basic assumptions of MPT have been widely challenged by fields such as behavioral economics. MPT is a mathematical formulation of the concept of diversification in investing, with the aim of selecting a collection of investment assets that has collectively lower risk than any individual asset. That this is possible can be seen intuitively because different types of assets often change in value in opposite ways. For example, to the extent prices in the stock market move differently from prices in the bond market, a collection of both types of assets can in theory face lower overall risk than either individually. But diversification lowers risk even if assets' returns are not negatively correlated—indeed, even if they are positively correlated More technically, MPT models an asset's return as a normally distributed function (or more generally as an elliptically distributed random...
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...Modern portfolio theory From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Portfolio analysis" redirects here. For theorems about the mean-variance efficient frontier, see Mutual fund separation theorem. For non-mean-variance portfolio analysis, see Marginal conditional stochastic dominance. Modern portfolio theory (MPT) is a theory of finance which attempts to maximize portfolio expected return for a given amount of portfolio risk, or equivalently minimize risk for a given level of expected return, by carefully choosing the proportions of various assets. Although MPT is widely used in practice in the financial industry and several of its creators won a Nobel memorial prize for the theory,[1] in recent years the basic assumptions of MPT have been widely challenged by fields such as behavioral economics. MPT is a mathematical formulation of the concept of diversification in investing, with the aim of selecting a collection of investment assets that has collectively lower risk than any individual asset. That this is possible can be seen intuitively because different types of assets often change in value in opposite ways.[2] For example, to the extent prices in the stock market move differently from prices in the bond market, a collection of both types of assets can in theory face lower overall risk than either individually. But diversification lowers risk even if assets' returns are not negatively correlated—indeed, even if they are positively correlated.[3] More technically, MPT models...
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...03-62-194 Practice Questions Last Update: March 21, 2013 Many of these exercises are from the course text book Mathematical Applications For the Management, Life and Social Sciences, Second Custom Edition for 03-62-194. This custom edition consists of selections from Mathematical Applications For the Management, Life and Social Sciences”, Eighth Edition, by Ronald J. Harshbarger and James J. Reynolds. The publisher is Nelson Education. Other questions my come from the For many of the questions solutions are not given to encourage you to try the problems yourself or with a group in your class. The odd numbered questions from the text have an answer in the back of the text so you can check your solution. I am happy to discuss any of the practice questions in the tutorial or during my office hours. You can also get help from the Math and Stats Learning Centre (ER 3125). (1) You need to borrow $100, 000 to start your business. You can borrow from the bank at 10% interest and you can borrow from your life insurance policy at 12%. Your business plan budgets for $10, 100 in interest payments in the first year. How much do you borrow from the bank, and how much do you borrow from your life insurance? Solution. Step 1: Define the variables. Let B be the amount, in dollars, to be borrowed from the bank and let L be the amount, in dollars, to be borrowed from the life insurance policy. Step 2: Set up the mathematical problem. We have two equations. The first equation states that the total...
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