...Gender Differences in style and content of S.M.S messaging by Iranian youth Mahnaz Zhale Islamic Azad University of Isfahan Author Note Mahnaz Zhaleh, Department of English, Isfahan branch, Isfahan-Iran Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Mahnaz Zhaleh, Department of Foreign Languages, Islamic Azad University of Isfahan. E-mail: ghalamgostar@gmail.com Abstract This is a quantitative study aim to examine gender differences in text messages sending by cell phones. 20 young girls and 20 young boys aging 20 to 28 participated this study and 150 text messages sent by girls to their female friends and relatives and 150 text messages sent by young boys to their male friends and relatives were randomly selected. All data were then categorized based on their senders' genders, contents, topics and styles. Finally, data were examined and compared based on study above said variables. The results indicated that females use more emotional and formal addressing terms when starting their communication in text messages by cell phones. They also use more emotional expresses. Moreover, girls send more acknowledgement messages. Men mostly send jokes and use informal terms or no term to address their communication partners. They also send shorter messages rather than females. Girls send more daily messages while boys prefer to use voice calls in the case of long time communications. The results of this study can shed lights for psychologists, sociologists...
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...Common Differences and Strategies Angeline Birong SOC/333 August 11, 2014 Erica Lloyd Common Differences and Strategies Communication is a part of daily life. Men and women have different ways of communicating which can lead to stressful interactions. This paper will examine verbal and non-verbal communications differences between the genders, types of miscommunications, and discusses the right-of-way concerning gender and status, and provide examples of dialogue among the genders. The author will also include personal experiences concerning miscommunication among the genders, and highlight ineffective communication methods observed, as well as offer effective strategies for solving the situation. Verbal and Nonverbal Communication Men and women employ differing verbal and nonverbal communication styles. These different styles can lead to certain perceptions of stereotypes between the genders. Feminine Style Women use a style that is more engaging and will “promote emotions and understanding in a personal way” (Rawluszko, 2009). A feminine style of communication is polite, involved, and supportive. Women will communicate just for the sake of communicating. The subject matter is less important than the fact communication is taking place. This builds, maintains, and proves the relationship is important (Ivy & Backlund, 2008). Women frequently infuse emotion and their own beliefs in conversations as well. Women’s voice tend to use a higher pitch than men’s. Research...
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...Gender related sources of miscommunication, effects and possible solutions. Author’s name Institution Abstract Communication involves spread of ideas and information between people. Communication helps in expressing feelings, emotions, opinions, and ethics and also represents class. It is therefore vital in all aspects of life ranging from that between parents and children, management and employees, employee and employee or even husband and wife. The characteristics of those involved in the process of communication can therefore affect communication. The differences in the diversity and characteristics of employees can also lead to conflicts in communication or miscommunication. The gender differences in conveying messages are as a result of biological, psychological, religious and cultural differences among men and women (Tannen, 1993). Keywords: communication, gender differences Conflicts at the office might be due to the long hours the employees or workers spend together, the differences in the positions of the administration and the problems that arise from change of place of work. Since gender is a culture, it has norms and standards which lead to misunderstandings between people of different sex. The differences can be in the nature of attitudes towards work and their relationships. Women like building interactions so as to achieve different responsibilities. They find it comfortable to be assisted as long as it would lead to realization...
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...Communication in the Workplace: The Difference between Men and Women Jaime Vance Sullivan University 1Q-CMM401X-A2-07-Principles of Conflict Management-Winter 2014 February 8, 2014 Abstract Communication in the workplace has the potential to be difficult for everyone at times. It is not always easy to navigate communication successfully while working with varying individuals. Even in a workplace where women and men share equal standing, knowledge and experience, differing communication styles may prevent them from working together effectively. In the end, however, men and women can learn to communicate effectually, working together towards a common goal of success. Communication in the Workplace: The Difference between Men and Women It is not a new concept: Men and women perceive the world differently. They communicate in different ways, have varying perceptions of the same experience, and see the world through dissimilar eyes. Yet, these differences do not have to serve as barriers to effective communication. Rather, these differences can be an asset for successful workplace communication. Gender barriers, while evident, do not have to be barriers from successful communication in the workplace. In order to best navigate the road to cross-gender communication success, it is best to pinpoint these evident differences, using them to an advantage, making these differences common knowledge and tools for best practices. Gender barriers themselves can be “inherent...
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...| MANAGEMENT RESEARCH / PROJECT DRS3023 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MANAGEMENT COMMUNICATION STYLE & ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT WITH GENDER AS THE MODERATING FACTOR PROPOSAL FOR: MDM. DINA ABDUL RAZAK PREPARED BY: NORSYAFINAZ BINTI SHAH RIZAL THOMAS 012011110183 NURHASSAN BIN AZIZ 012011030529 MOHD NASRIQ BIN YAZID 012011030196 Submission date: [ 5-Jul-13 ] | Content | Page | | ABSTRACT (executive summary) | 3 | 1.0 | INTRODUCTIONBackground of studyProblem statement ObjectivesResearch questionScope of studyJustification of study | 4445556 | 2.0 | LITERATURE REVIEWManagement Communication StyleOrganizational CommitmentGender | 7788 | 3.0 | THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK & HYPOTHESISVariable relationshipTheoretical FrameworkHypothesis | 9999 | 4.0 | RESEARCH METHODOLOGYResearch ToolsSampling ProcedureData Collection Method | 10101010 | 5.0 | CONTRIBUTION OF RESEARCHExpected significant contributions to a new knowledgeExpected benefits to the country/society/organization | 1111 | 6.0 | TIME FRAME | 12 | 7.0 | BUDGET | 13 | 8.0 | CONCLUSION | 14 | 9.0 | REFERENCE | 15 | ABSTRACT Our purpose of this study is to add to the research of relationship between management communication style & organizational commitment with gender as moderator effect. We design this study to find out the impact of organizational commitment on employee performance. This study shall review what factors increases or decreases the organizational commitment and...
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...Co-Cultures in a Multicultural Society Paper The movie Fools Rush In is a great example of how gender as well as cultural differences can hinder communication in a multicultural society. Fools Rush In is about two people, Alex and Isabel, who come from two different cultural backgrounds who after a one night stand become pregnant and decide to get married. However, along with the marriage come compromises that include cultural traditions and personal sacrifices. The movie is a comedy but can also be viewed as romantic and shows how two people who love each other can resolve the issues of cultural and gender differences. Male and female differ in their use of communication because their reasons for communicating are different. Men generally communicate to transmit information and solve specific problems, while women usually use communication to express feelings and achieve emotional intimacy (Dunn, 2009). Women use nonverbal communication more than men, because they feel a closer connection to the opposite sex when communicating. Research has shown girls display more nurturance communication behavior than boys and this would account for a higher sensitivity to nonverbal cues (Dunn, 2009). Women can pick up on any nonverbal cue that is given and know if the person is being genuine or if a person is upset, men on the other hand have a hard time picking up on these cues. This can be seen in the movie where Alex does not understand how Isabel truly feels by her nonverbal cues...
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...Knowledge of Gender Differences Is the Key to Successful Communication Human beings use conversation as a means of communication or transferring information from one person to the other. Unfortunately, we live in a society where conversations between genders are grossly limited. Deborah Tannen in her “Sex, Lies, and Conversation” emphasizes the differences in conversation between the different genders. Communication is the key to a successful relationship, and knowledge of the differences in communication between genders is necessary for clear communication. The three main differences are body gestures, conversation and conversational habits. In their body language, women like to sit facing each other directly, their eyes on each other’s faces (Tannen 405). This to them creates a bond of friendship. Men, however, prefer to sit at angles to each other looking elsewhere or looking down, with a periodical glance at each other. Logically, the tendency for men to face away during conversations gives the women the impression that they are not listening, creating a strain in their relationships....
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...Tiffany Williams BUS 600 Michael Murphy Gender and Communication July 12, 2010 Gender and Communication I think it’s safe to say that men and women are different in so many ways. We act differently, look different and we communicate differently. These differences can cause conflicts from time to time which often lead to misunderstandings. For communication between men and women to be effective, we must recognize the differences between male and female communication styles. In this paper, I will be discussing the different communication styles between men and women and how these differences play a major role in the workplace. According to Anne Meier (1999, pp. 115-119), “There exist numerous stereotypes in the way men and women communicate”. We will first begin with the most common form of communication….talking. “One of the most common notions is that women talk more than men. Women are also thought to participate in "empty talk," dealing with trivial and unimportant matters. While women's speech is believed to be unassertive and lacking in power, men's speech is viewed as bold and aggressive. Men and women typically talk about different things. In general, women talk more about their feelings than men do, regardless of to whom they are speaking. Women, in conversation with women, discuss personal matters, relationships, family, health and reproduction. Men discuss music, current events, sports, business and other men. Men control the topic of conversation...
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...attune to communication. This style is conducive towards promoting intimacy and the importance of relationships. On the other hand, men’s conversational style is more assertive, more indicative of independence and the maintenance of hierarchical relationships. This style is important in establishing and communicating the status of a person engaged in communication. Tannen’s views regarding these differences are shared by others. In “Bridging the Gender Gap,” Glaser points out that it is not the fact that men and women play by different rules, but that the problem lies in now knowing what the rules are (n.d.). Tannen noted in her article that differences in communication style for men and women are product of their socialization during childhood experiences. Glaser adds that in the workplace, men do not exclude women intentionally, but that it is men’s assertiveness that may make this perception. Men do not wait to be invited; they simply join in. Moreover, she also states that women have a tendency to be apologetic and to attach qualifiers to their conversation. For example, women would add, “This may be a stupid question…”, “I think this may be the right track…” or “You probably figured this out already, but…” (Glaser, n.d.). Still others such as Braedyn-Svecz are quick to add that in addition of communication differences in childhood, male and female brains structured to process information differently. In her article “Gender Communication: The Impact Gender has on...
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...Gender Differences in Working and Communicating with Others In organizations there are numerous factors that outline the foundation for a strong, successful and smooth operating company. The key is having wonderful communication across the board, it can increase productivity, improve employee satisfaction and help recognize an outstanding leader in an organization. Nonverbal, verbal, written, and any means by which getting one’s point across to another can be categorized as communication. Communicating can be taken for granted since we all do this every day, however, it is important we have the skills to know how to properly communicate with one another. Everyone communicates differently due to their education background, where they were raised, age and gender. The one, which I am going to focus on is gender and what impact that, has on communication. There are clear gender differences in how we communicate and this can even have an affect in the workplace, such as situations can arise where there are misunderstandings between men and women. The way in which men and women communicate stem from the differences in the brain. One major structural difference is that “males generally have more activity in the mechanical centers of the brain, while women have more activity in centers of the brain dedicated to verbal communication and emotion” (Wikninews). In female brains the corpus callosum, the part of the brain that regulates communication within the brain is larger than...
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...Jason A. Huffmaster Professor Levy English 101 May 24, 2016 Gender Communication Communication is a very big deal in every aspect of our daily lives. It’s one way we express our affectionate towards the ones we love and care about among other ways. It is also how we let people know if we are upset and have a problem with them. It’s how we solve our problems and make amends. And now if you place gender into this mix, things begin to get a lot more complicated. Both men and women communicate in completely different ways from the words they use to the tone that’s it is delivered in. I feel a lot of the times when members of the opposite sex communicate it’s like oil and water mixing. I believe communication is the key to any successful relationship; husband, wife; father, daughter; mother, son, and co-workers you should try and develop your communication skills to the best of your ability it could make your personal relationships better, along with a more peaceful home life and, a more successful career at work. I believe the overall combination of these things could help your overall health. The essay “But What Do You Mean” by Deborah Tannen (Bedford pg.379), is very interesting read I find a lot of the comparisons she’s makes are so very true. Not only the comparisons to how men and women communicate differently between themselves in the work place. But also how they communicate with each other in different scenarios and situations whether it be apologizing, fighting,...
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...the organisations. Communications within the enterprise plays an important role in relation to drive the better performance. However, the communication and management systems are faultiness in some organisations. As a result, poor communication from management may lead organizational failure, and the organizational efficiency cannot be maximized. The purpose of this article is to examine the factors that contribute to the poor communication from management, thereby provide alternatives, which provides organisation an opportunity to improve themselves. The bibliography will mention the role of communication and management in lean manufacturing and its role in organizational change, furthermore, the cause of poor communication from management will be discussed, include the gender difference, and finally the bibliography will talk about the consequences of poor communication. Therefore, this article will firstly write the bibliography as mentioned before, after that, the central argument will be made and lastly recommendations will be provide for organisation’s future implementation. 2.0 The Bibliography J.M. Worley T.L. Doolen, (2006),"The role of communication and management support in a lean manufacturing implementation", Management Decision, Vol. 44 Iss 2 pp. 228 - 245 The article investigates the role of communication and management support, and its importance in a lean manufacture implementation. Firstly, the relationship between communication, management and lean...
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...Gender Differences Michael Grindstaff 11/2/13 Michael Grindstaff Gender Differences 11/2/13 Gender Differences Gender stereotypes are strong in our culture and even put preconceived notions in our minds of what profession we will be when we grow up. The differences in men and women’s brain do show men are better at mathematical jobs than women, however, it should not deter women from wanting to be engineers. Stereotypically, girls are soft spoken, gentle, caregivers, on the other hand, boys are outspoken, direct, and confident. These stereotypes are embedded in our minds from when we are little, even impacting our thoughts of which gender should occupy which profession. We look at specific jobs and correlate them with a certain gender. When children are growing up they often want to be a specific profession such as, girls may want to grow up to be a teacher or nurse, and boys want to be a firefighter or a police officer. Girls are taught that they must relate to others in order to survive, while boys are taught that they must compete with others to survive. Not only is it our brains that are different, but our upbringings and stereotypes of gender roles play an important role in how we communicate with each other. The more in-depth you look at the topic gender differences in working and communicating with others, the more it gets you thinking not only of how co-workers communicate with each other but how the public communicates with a professional due to their...
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...Acknowledging cultural diversity helps to eliminate biases, prejudice, and stereotypes it also helps cultures and different races to come together as one to make a better environment for everyone. Characteristics of cultural diversity consist of background, gender, appearances, culture, and a host of many others. Appreciation of diversity is important in communication for several reasons. First one cannot put two people together and expect them to act the same way. Differences can bring many assets to a group such as ideas, experiences and different ways of handling things. In a group of different cultures where communication is most likely to happen, the diversity range will further. I describe my cultural background to be very helpful in defining who I am. I am African American descent. Both my parents are African Americans. I cherish the traditions that my family has passed down from generation to generation. I am thankful for my cultural background seeing that it made me who I am today. My values affect the way that I communicate with others because I was raised to respect others and acknowledge them no matter what they look, talk, or act like. I admire communicating with people outside of my race because they often bring differences to the conversation such as accents, history, and experiences from their culture. I was taught to value trust, respect and support so this causes me to communicate with others in a polite and respectful manner. These values also allow my communicator...
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...Eric Duncan Jr 9.21.2014 Business Communications Journal Entry #3 Gender communications between men and women is different in several ways but just because they differ in communication styles both genders have good intentions. When talking about problems women often want empathy and try to reach a mutual understanding, while men want quick solutions that often lead to heated exchanges. It's easy to see that women communicate to build rapport and men communicate to preserve independence and dominant status. A person's communication with the opposite gender could be based off the persons childhood for example growing up if a boy has three sisters and lives with his mom he's going to learn greatly how to communicate with women just because he has experience in dealing with them. Men and women are from different worlds they have different needs, goals, values, and communication styles. It's often important that a business has a difference in gender communications because in a firm it is good that you have a diversity of thoughts from males and females. Males want to get to the point while women often want the best options at hand and also talk out solutions. When you have both genders together the business gets the best effort to get the job done and that is a major factor in the business workforce. We need to look past our assumptions about the meaning of a particular manner of speaking to build better mixed-gender teams. In today's society women aren't afraid to give their...
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