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Differences in Cognitive and Executive Functioning Between Autistic and Typically Developing Individuals

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Differences in Cognitive and Executive Functioning between Autistic and Typically Developing Individuals
Julie Sackett
The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to explore the differences in cognitive and executive functioning between autistic and typically developing (TD) children. The articles used assess different forms of cognitive function and executive function. It is hypothesized that individuals with autism will show impairments in executive function, prospective memory, inhibitory function, cognition, sensory-motor, and language when compared to TD individuals. Multiple measures were used to assess participant’s abilities with working memory, executive function, development, memory, awareness, and cognitive function; some of these measures were self-reported. One study by Rosenthal et al. (2013) found that older children with autism spectrum disorder show executive function impairments with age, meaning that different impairments are noticeable at different ages. In contrast, Iwanaga et al. (2000) found differences in cognitive function between Asperger’s syndrome and high functioning autism. The results of some studies found specific impairments are related to age. The findings from these studies suggest that children with autism show executive and cognitive function impairments, have difficulties with prospective memory, and show lack of awareness; children with autism are unfamiliar with familiarity.

Differences in Cognitive Function between Autistic and Typically Developing Individuals Cognitive and executive functioning, or lack of, has been seen in individuals with autism. These are broad terms that cover different parts of how our brain functions. For the purpose of this paper, we will define cognitive function as, “the mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception,

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