...Introduction to PC Components Here you will learn computer hardware tutorials introduction, basic pc components, networking devices, ram, vga, monitor and printer etc. Computer hardware is the physical part of the computer including the digital circuits inside the computer as opposed to the software that carry out the computing instructions. The hardware of a computer is unlikely to change frequently unless due to the crash or for upgrading them. The devices that is capable of storing, executing system instructions and controlling other logical outputs. Hardware comprises all of the physical part of the computer such as Monitor, CPU, motherboard, ram, CD-Rom, printer, scanner, hard disk, flash drive (AKA pen drive), processor, pci buses, floppy disk, power supply, VGA card, sound card, network interface card, peripherals, joystick, mouse, keyboard, foot pedal, computer fan, camera, headset and others. On the other hard software is a logical part of a computer and is used to carry out the instructions, storing, executing and developing other software programs. A typical PC consists of a case or chassis in the desktop or tower case and these components. Motherboard • CPU • Computer Fan • RAM • BIOS • Digital Circuitry • Computer Fan • PCI Slots PC Buses • PCI • USB • Hyper-transport • AGP • ISA • EISA • VLB Media • CD-Rom • DVD-Rom • Combo box • Joystick • BD-Rom drive Internal storage • Hard disk (ATA & SATA) • Data array controller • Floppy disk ...
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...| Computer Networks | By:Yaafiz Mohamed (S12425216)Zimna Ahmed (S12465436)Shahuma Abdulla (S12465351)Najudha Adam (S12465351)Sama Ali (S12465333) | | | | | Table of Contents Introduction 3 Computer and Networking. 3 Characteristics of Computer Networks. 3 Types of Computer Networks. 4 PAN (Personal Area Network) 4 LAN (Local Area Network) 5 MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) 5 WAN (Wide Area Network) 5 CAN (Campus Area Network) 5 SAN (Storage Area Network) 5 Why do we network our computers? 6 Peer-to-peer networking. 6 Computer Network Technologies 7 Conclusion: 8 Reference: 9 Introduction The purpose of the report is to survey and monitor the current state of computer network and the types of computer networks. This report is written by examining a range of recent published articles, magazine articles, and internet sites on the topic of computer networks used which are used commonly. The report is mainly about the types of computer network and their functions. Computer and Networking. A computer is a programmable machine, which is designed to sequentially and arithmetically carry out a sequence of logical operations. The particular sequence of operation allowing to solve more than one kind of problem. It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well defined manner. It can execute a pre-recorded list of instructions. Main components of computers are input, output and process. (Thakur) According to (Mitchell, What is (Wireless...
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...Basic Computer Hardware and Software Overview: This lesson is an introduction to basic computer hardware and software. If possible, have one or more types of computers available to show students the hardware components found on different computer models. A multimedia projector can be used to show students the different types of software described in the lesson. Levels I-II Grades K-4 Depending on the time available and grade level, extensions to this lesson could include asking students to research how computers are used in various occupations or the history of computers. Objectives: The student will: • identify basic computer hardware; and • describe uses of commonly used software. AK Content Standards: Technology A1 A student should be able to operate technology-based tools. A student who meets the content standard should use a computer to enter and retrieve information. Materials: • Several different types of computers (optional) • Multimedia projector connected to a computer with Microsoft Office, Photoshop and a Web browser (optional) • STUDENT WORKSHEET: “Computer Hardware and Software” IT Basics Computers are versatile machines used for processing and manipulating information. They can be used to view and edit photos, analyze and graph data, write reports, share information, utilize the Internet and much more. At the heart of the computer is a machine that processes digital data consisting of ones and zeros. The first computers were made...
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...Computer Organization and Architecture CHAPTER 01: Basic Concepts of Architecture and Assembly Language CONTENTS: CHAPTER 1.1: Basic Concepts of Computer Architecture Computer Organization and Architecture CHAPTER 1.2: Basic Hardware Components of a Computer System John Vee MI P. Martinez, CSIT Instructor College of Information and Computing Sciences KING’S COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES CHAPTER 1.3: Assembly Language CHAPTER 1.4: Programmer's View of a Computer System Computer Organization and Architecture CHAPTER 1.1: Basic Concepts of Computer Architecture Instructor: John Vee MI P. Martinez CHAPTER 1.1: Basic Concepts of Computer Architecture ASSIGNMENT #01: LEARNING OUTCOME #01: Next Learning Outcome: After engaging in each topic, students should have: 1) Differentiate Computer Organization and Computer Architecture? ¼ Yellow Paper, to be submitted next meeting. LO-01: Distinguished the difference between Computer Architecture and Computer Organization, and discussed the different types of architecture. 1) 2) Computer Organization and Architecture Instructor: John Vee MI P. Martinez Computer Architecture vs. Computer Organization Types of Architecture Computer Organization and Architecture Instructor: John Vee MI P. Martinez LO 1.1 – Computer Architecture vs. Computer Organization LO 1.1 – Computer Architecture vs. Computer Organization COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE: COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE: ...
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...IT 282 Week 7-Individua-Personal Computers on the Internetl Get Tutorial by Clicking on the link below or Copy Paste Link in Your Browser https://hwguiders.com/downloads/282-week-7-individua-personal-computers-internetl/ For More Courses and Exams use this form ( http://hwguiders.com/contact-us/ ) Feel Free to Search your Class through Our Product Categories or From Our Search Bar (http://hwguiders.com/ ) Personal Computers on the Internet A personal computer can be connected to LAN (Local Area Network) by using a router. This type of network is a private network that links computers at a single location, such as at a home or office building. A computer with the LAN connection is allowed to different network components like files, software and devices like printers and fax machines with in the private area. A computer can be connected to a router using Ethernet cable, or a router can communicate wirelessly using radio waves. The Internet is wider than the LAN, basically it is network of networks, and it connects the different networks (LANs and/or MANs) available worldwide and makes them public. The internet connection is called WAN (Wide Area Network) that connects millions of smaller networks with over a billion computers connected at any given time. The most basic difference between a LAN and the Internet then, is that a LAN is private and localized, while the Internet is public and worldwide. A LAN is connected to a router using Ethernet cable but the...
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...boards in modern computer which are located on the motherboard of the computer which are used to connect or install additional boards. In earlier times the expansion buses were known as Industry standard Architecture but after 90’s as microprocessors were introduced so there were also an invention or development in ISA which were further known as ISA expansion boards or Expansion boards. As it is very much clear form its name that it is used for expansion of boards in PC. The expansion boards are used to expand address, data and control buses which are used throughout the motherboard. These are of two major types’ 8 bit expansion slots and 16 bit expansion slots. The cards which are...
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...According to the article”What is a Computer Virus” computer viruses are small software programs that are designed to spread from one computer to another and to interfere with computer operation. Computer virus can attack computers in many ways and are often damaging to the computer. These viruses often spread without a persons knowledge about the virus and can be specially damaging to computers and expensive to those who own the computers to repair. Viruses can also affect program and the performance of the computer and cause severe harm. The main component in describing a virus is the viruses’ ability to replicate itself through computers or the internet. The first computer virus was created by Dr. Cohen, 26 yrs ago at the University of Southern California. Dr. Cohen realized that if a Trojan horse copied itself into other programs, then all those programs would be infected, and then everybody that ran any of those programs would get infected and so forth (Lee). From here, Dr. Cohen has since developed many ways to remove viruses and is one of the leading experts in that field. One of the most difficult things with viruses are they come in all different forms and are often disguised to the user. One type of virus is a direct action virus. According to the article “Different Types of Computer Viruses” on buzzle.com, the purpose of a direct action virus is to replicate and take action when it is executed. When a specific condition is met, the virus will go into action and...
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...[pic] [pic] Interface Design for Computer-based Learning Environments Marshall G. Jones Northern Illinois University Email: mgjones@niu.edu James R. Okey The University of Georgia [pic] Research in the area of user interface design for computer-based learning environments (Jones, 1993) found that screen and interface design should be considered at the same time during the design and development process. Additionally, the research produced a list of interface design concepts and a corresponding list of guidelines for implementing those concepts. The concepts presented in this paper are broad issues to be considered during the design and development process. The guidelines that are associaàted with the concepts are intended to be flexible, and allow for the creativity of the individual designer, and the needs of a particular project. Names for some of the concepts were taken from an analysis of the literature in computer-based instruction (CBI), computer-based learning environments, and human computer interaction (HCI). Names for the other concepts were emic categories generated by the participants in the study. The guidelines were derived through an analysis of the literature, an analysis of six commercially produced computer-based learning environments, and interviews with the designers and developers of the six computer-based learning environments. Further research is being conducted to determine how designers and developers can implement these guidelines. If you...
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...How Speed of a Computer Is Affected By Different Storage Devices Traci Benge CIS/201 May 7, 2012 Charles Jacks Abstract Today’s computers have different ways to store data. Some examples of these ways are devices as the hard disk (aka magnetic disk), floppy disk, RAM, CD ROM, tape, and the flash (aka jump drive, USB memory stick, and thumb drive). Storage devices come in two different sources; primary or secondary. Each of these devices causes the computer to process data at different speeds. This paper will show how each of these devices store data and how they affect the speed of the computer. How Speed of a Computer Is Affected By Different Storage Devices The hard disk of a computer is a secondary type of storage. It can be either an external or internal source of storage for a computer. It is primarily to store a mass amount of data. The data remains stored on the hard disk indefinitely until permanently deleted. The hard disk stores the operating systems and application instructions. Without the hard disk the computer would not know how to open any of its operating systems or any of the other applications for the user. In this RAM (Random Access Memory) works with the hard disk. RAM is part of the primary storage; it contains a software program with small amounts of data for processing. When the computer boots up, it loads the whole program from the hard disk through RAM. Its storage capabilities get larger the farther away it is from...
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...A device used to save data and instructions which is computer memory. In binary form is the content of memory. In order to carry out all kinds of operations, memory offers input to the processors. Thus, the processors save the results into memory (World of Computing, 2013). The characteristic of computer memory which are electrical characteristics, the manufacturing technology of the device depend on the voltage and current requirements. It is not main concern of the voltage due to most of the semiconductor memory device manipulate at TTL voltage levels. In addition, speed also is the characteristic of computer memory. There is a limit time to delay between the usability of stabilize and accurate of the data on the data lines because of the...
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...Motherboard components, types and features A motherboard is “a circuit board in a minicomputer or microcomputer through which all signals are directed.” The motherboard is one of the most important components of a computer. Power supplies types and characteristics The power supply is an electronic device that supplies electric energy to an electrical load. The power supply of a computer converts the alternating current to direct current. Purpose and characteristics of CPUs and their features The main purpose of the CPU is to control and direct all the activities of the computer using both external and internal buses. There are also many different types and features of CPUs. It is necessary to have a CPU for the computer to function. Cooling methods and devices As you continue to use the computer for long hours, it might heat up, so it is necessary to have a cooling fan, it helps the heat to travel away from the CPU to prevent it from overheating that may lead to some problems. Memory types, its characteristics and purposes The RAM or memory is a form of computer data storage. There are different types of memory. Some common types of memory are: DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM and DDR. Different display devices and their characteristics There are many different display devices. Some of the most common display devices are: Projectors, CRT, LCD. Liquid crystal Display or LCD is the most used today. There are also some connector types that can be connected to computers: VGA, HDMI, S-Video...
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...Unit) a series of instructions that directs a computer to perform tasks. A set of words, abbreviations, and symbol that enables a programmer to communicate instructions to a computer Eg: Java, C++, Fortran, Cobol, C 8.1.2 Types of Programming Language: 1) Low Level Programming Language • • Why Low Level? : Because it is designed closer to the hardware Machine Language (1st Generation) Assembly Language (2nd Generation) Made up of instructions written in binary code (0 and 1). • Written in mnemonics, more English-like code; codes shorter than The only language that is directly understood by the machine languages computer. Does not need any translator program. • Need to be translated by assembler into machine language before it can be executed by the computer. Machine dependent (written for particular • Machine dependent (written for particular computer and has computer and has to be changed for using on a Describe/what is/ explain/characteristic • different computer). Example of coding to be changed for using on a different computer). Advantages • • Execution speed is very fast. (It does not require any translation because machine language is directly understood by CPU) Translation free (Computer understands only the machine language) Program written in machine language are very lengthy Machine dependent (program is written for particular computer and has to be changed for using on a different computer) • • Easy to understand and use: Assembly...
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...TYPES OF COMPUTER Let us discuss the different types of computers that we see today. Although they belong to the fifth generation they can be divided into different categories depending upon the size, efficiency, memory and number of users. Broadly they can be divided it to the following categories. 1.Microcomputer: Microcomputer is at the lowest end of the computer range in terms of speed and storage capacity. Its CPU is a microprocessor. The first microcomputers were built of 8-bit microprocessor chips. The most common application of personal computers (PC) is in this category. The PC supports a number of input and output devices. An improvement of 8-bit chip is 16-bit and 32-bit chips. Examples of microcomputer are IBM PC, PC-AT . 2.Mini Computer: This is designed to support more than one user at a time. It possesses large storage capacity and operates at a higher speed. The mini computer is used in multi-user system in which various users can work at the same time. This type of computer is generally used for processing large volume of data in an organisation. They are also used as servers in Local Area Networks (LAN). 3.Mainframes: These types of computers are generally 32-bit microprocessors. They operate at very high speed, have very large storage capacity and can handle the work load of many users. They are generally used in centralised databases. They are also used as controlling nodes in Wide Area Networks (WAN). Example of mainframes are DEC, ICL and IBM 3000 series...
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...Howard Mayo NT1230 4/3/12 8 Common Types of Computer Viruses Dictionary.com defines a computer virus as “a segment of self-replicating code planted illegally in a computer program, often to damage or shut down a system or network (“Virus,” 2012).” The term virus has become more generic over the years and has come to represent any type of malware, or malicious software. There are many types of malware that can be classified as viruses but it is the intention of this paper to examine 8 of the most common types. These types are virus, worms, trojans, adware/pop-up ads, spyware, keyloggers, rootkits, and scareware. * Virus- as defined above, a virus is self-replicating code planted in a computer program. This malware’s sole purpose is to destroy or shut down systems and networks. (“Virus,” 2012). * Worms- These are standalone programs whose sole purpose is to replicate and spread themselves to other computers. Their main use is to search for and delete certain files from computers. * Trojans- This malware is designed to look like a useful program while giving control of the computer to another computer. It can be used for several malicious things: * As part of a botnet to use automated spamming or distribute denial-of-service attacks. * Electronic money theft * Data theft * Downloading or uploading of files to the computer * Deletion or modification of files * Crashing the computer * Watching the viewer’s screen * Anonymous...
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...System Attacks As computer users, we often just go about our lives, using our computers and networks and not even worrying about what may be out there waiting to attack our systems. Many attacks occur and the user has no idea that it is occurring or has occurred until something goes wrong with the system. System attacks occur when a hacker finds ways to take advantage of any vulnerability that your computer may have to gain access to the user’s system. One of the main ways that they do this is by delivering a Web page or an e-mail that contains a Trojan horse better known as a computer virus, which comes in several different forms. Denials of service attacks are another type of system attack that can attack a system via a computer site. In order to implement these attacks, the hackers use certain tools in order to get into the systems, and manipulate them. Although these attacks occur often on a daily basis, there are ways to protect our systems from these things whether it’s physical or some type of antivirus software. A virus is defined as “a small program that alters the way a computer operates without the knowledge of the computers users and often does different types of damage by deleting and corrupting data and program files, or by altering operating systems components, so that any computer operations are impaired or halted” (White) When the computer is infected with a virus, sometimes there is indication that it is there and sometimes it’s not. All viruses tend to...
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