...Chima, F. (2005). Persons with Disabilities and Employment. Journal of Social Work in Disability & Rehabilitation, 4(3), 39-60. doi:10.1300/J198v04n03_05 The author of Persons with Disabilities and Employment has a PhD in Social Work from the University of Texas. This article was published within the Journal of Social Work in Disability & Rehabilitation. Throughout the article Chima mentions various definitions of the term “disability”, along with the history behind persons with disabilities. Starting with a detailed history of the Americans Disability Act. Chima describes social behaviour barriers, old stereotypes or stigmas, which continue to be evident in society today. The article states “people with disabilities...
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...Conceptualizing Disability More than merely being a physical manifestation, disability is a socially constructed phenomenon which has implications, more in the socio- economic sphere than anything else. Our society has stricter norms about what is considered ‘normal’ and disability deviates from the societal conception of ‘normal’. This socially constructed normality becomes a barrier in the lives of the disabled as they deviate from the ‘norm’ of what one should be like both physically or mentally. While for the non disabled people, ‘it goes without saying’ that they are human beings. For the disabled people in many historical contexts ‘it has to be said’. It undertakes special efforts on their part to establish their existence (Hughes, 2007). In all the modern discourses disability is regarded as totally intolerable and is looked at with a strong sense of negativity (Campbell, 2005 cited in Hughes, 2007). Also the assumption that the life of a disabled is shattered and needs the attachments of pity and sympathy further attaches stigma to disability (Smith, 2005 cited in Hughes, 2007). The politics behind defining disability and ‘normality’ is discussed in the ‘social model of disability’ (Oliver, 1990). How disability has acquired the meanings and connotations that it has acquired over time have much to do with the politics of the dominant group in the society. The dominant group or the power holders define the ‘normality’ so as to look at the people with disability/impairment...
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...Social Stigmas Mental Illness Mental Illness:- • Introduction :- Mental disease and its stigma is observed in most of the culture. People of different age, gender or socio-economic status may suffer from mental illness. At least twenty percent of people pass through mental disorders in some way or the other during their lifetime. Stigma towards mentally ill people is very risky. This affects on their ability to perform duties, their revival, treatment procedure and support they receive, and their recognition in the group of people. Stigma is considered as a sign of shame, dishonour or disapproval, of being rejected by others. Stigma is painful and humiliating. Since Civilization, persons suffering from mental barrier of their disability accompanied social stigma and negative social mind-sets. A determined negative outlook and social rejection of people with disabilities is evident all through history and across the culture. Society viewed mentally ill people as either morally wrong or they were being punished by God, or as being possessed by demonic spirits requiring some religious interventions. Research indicates that the extent of social rejection and social stigma differs with precise disabilities, creating a well-defined hierarchical order. Stigmatization possibly has a remarkable comportment on the distribution of life chances in mental illness. • Society :- Generally people have feeling that person gripped under mental illness...
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...challenges of leprosy and the stigma following the diseases had been universal. The extent and size of the stigma varies from country to country depending on the level of the spread of the diseases. Leprosy has long been stigmatized because of visible deformities...
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...Mothering Children with Autism The mothering stories that Bergum (1997) describes of being and becoming mother are proliferative in the literature of the story of mothering and caring for a child 20 with a disability. In her interactive narrative study interviewing mothers with children with a variety of complex and chronic disabilities, Green (2003) shows that the experience of mothering a child with a disability transcends the disability diagnosis. As a mother with a daughter diagnosed with cerebral palsy, Green dialogues with a mother with twins, where one twin is diagnosed with autism. The experience of mothering a child with a physical or developmental disability had both very similar characteristics, and too, there were divergent features of what it is...
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...About the Stigma In essence, stigma is a kind of negative label on some individuals or groups, which has a serious impact on them that stigmatized people always suffered unfair treatment and were marked as unworthy. As is known to us, stigma is always connected with the lower social situation, poverty, disability, homosexuality and some other situation, and it jumps into professionals’ sigh since last decade, which means stigma has been considered as a serious social problem finally, and there is an upward tendency of people pay more attention on it. What is stigma? “The term stigma comes from ancient Greece, where it meant a ‘bodily sign designed to expose something unusual and bad about the moral status of [an individual].’” (Rosenblum & Travis, Framwork , 2012)This is the origin of stigma, and it is like an old penalty in ancient China that criminals were forced to be painted a tattoo on their face before they were exiled. It seems that ancient people were using similar ways to distinguish and mark people who were “bad”. And then, Goffman brought the word stigma into sociology to define the situation that some people are judged and classified into a group as unworthy because of their disability, race, sex, sexual orientation or some other social categories else. The first step of stigma is to classify the so-called unusual people to another group and naming them to show the difference, such as “gay”, “lesbian”, “black” and so on. And then, stigmatized people or group is suffering...
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...This essay will firstly describe what is meant by the patients’ voice and diminishing it. Secondly it will go on to discuss three important barriers which were witnessed in clinical placement and how these diminished the voice of the patient. The essay will then go on to describe how each of these three barriers could have been overcome. This is an important topic due to the fact that it could take away a patient’s right to choice and how they are treated within health care. It effectively takes away every aspect of patient centeredness which health care professionals strive to achieve. As health care professionals strive to make sure the health care that everyone receives is the best that it can be, it is important that the voice of the patient is heard loud and clear. A crucial element in changing health care is giving the patient the voice to make choices about their own health care and in the decision making of the healthcare facility. The voice of the patient is so important because the patient knows there body and their mind better than anyone else, they have had that body since birth. The voice of the patient is also important because they know what it is like to be a patient whereas health care professionals may only have the perspective from the other side of the bed so to speak. To diminish this voice would mean to take it away from an individual, which effectively suggests that they will have no say in what treatment they receive or how they would like to be treated...
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...FAMILY PAMPHLET TO MINIMIZE STIGMA FOR PERSONS LIVING WITH A SEVERE MENTAL ILLNESS A project presented to The Faculty and Staff of Saybrook University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (M.A.) in Psychology by R. Paul Johnson San Francisco, CA December 2013 Approval of the Project FAMILY PAMHLET TO MINIMIZ STIGMA FOR PERSONS LIVING WITH A SEVERE MENTAL ILLNESS This project by R. Paul Johnson has been approved by the committee member below, who recommended it be accepted by the faculty of Saybrook University in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in Psychology Project Committee: Theopia Jackson, Ph.D. Date Abstract FAMILY PAMPHLET TO MINIMZE STIGMA FOR PERSONS LIVING WITH A SEVERE MENTAL ILLNESS R. Paul Johnson Saybrook University Individuals with mental illness have long experienced societal prejudice and discrimination, including among healthcare professionals. However, the stigma that comes from family and friends may have greater adverse impact. This project-reviewed literature on the stigmas associated with a diagnosis of a serious mental illness (SMI), as experienced by the person and family, as factors that may contribute to family/friends inadvertently perpetuating stigmas. Therefore this project integrates literature review findings and the author’s personal/professional experiences in the design of a pamphlet intended to be utilized by...
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...Development a for Developmental disabilities school Tina Towndrow BUS 370 Organizational Development Instructor Jerry Spight May 22, 2014 Organizational Development for Developmental disabilities school Starting a nonprofit human services organization in the form of a daycare/learning facility is never an easy task. Difficulties range from funding, experience, cultural acceptance, even parental acceptance. In this paper I plan to discuss my business plan and the difficulties that I face with starting it. I also plan to discuss diagnostic skills to identify OD issues, problems, and opportunities. This paper will also touch on organizational situations that require professional assistance, and I will diagnose a few system issues and I will discuss appropriate interventions. My future business plan involves different aspects of the learning process. My best friend Rachael has a master degree in early childhood education as well as specific training in developmental disabilities in children. I have almost ten years of experience working with adults with developmental disabilities and almost finished with my degree in Business Administration and a minor in Human resources. Our business plan is to create a learning environment for children from age 2 to 5 with developmental disabilities. This is just the beginning because eventually we would like to expand and create a school specifically for all children with developmental disabilities. A brief history into how...
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...group behaviors and interactions. In this assignment, you will interview a disabled or chronically ill person and make observations about the person based on your understanding of what it means to be a member of this social category. Remember that disability and chronic illness include both visible and invisible elements, and that there is great variation in age, class, ethnicity, and gender identity. You may also interview the parent of a child with a disability as long as the parent can speak on behalf of the child’s social experience or experience in society. You will use your knowledge of course concepts related to disability identity and group belonging. The interview can take place in person or, if absolutely necessary, over Skype, but not on the phone. It is important that you read facial expressions and have a sense of the respondent’s non-verbal communication. You should find out as much as you can about the respondent’s relationship to the social category of disability or chronic illness and sense of group membership. Include the following in your paper: 1. Your understanding of the ‘story’ of the disabled/chronically ill person. Ask for specific examples that can help you understand their personal and social history and experience with this disability/illness. Remember to remain...
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...ORIGINAL Afr J Psychiatry 2010;13:116-124 Mental Health Stigma: What is being done to raise awareness and reduce stigma in South Africa? 1 R Kakuma1,2,3, S Kleintjes3, C Lund3, N Drew4, A Green5, AJ Flisher3,6, MHaPP Research Programme Consortium7 Health Systems Research and Consulting Unit, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada 2Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada 3Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa 4Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland 5Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development (NCIHD), University of Leeds, United Kingdom 6Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Bergen, Norway 7The Mental Health and Poverty Project (MHaPP) is a Research Programme Consortium (RPC) funded by the UK Department for International Development (DfID)(RPC HD6 2005- 2010) for the benefit of developing countries. The views expressed are not necessarily those of DfID. RPC members include Alan J. Flisher (Director) and Crick Lund (Co-ordinator) (University of Cape Town, Republic of South Africa (RSA)); Therese Agossou, Natalie Drew, Edwige Faydi and Michelle Funk (World Health Organization); Arvin Bhana (Human Sciences Research Council, RSA); Victor Doku (Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana); Andrew Green and Mayeh Omar (University of Leeds, UK); Fred Kigozi (Butabika Hospital, Uganda); Martin Knapp (University of London,...
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...------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Mental Health in the Work place ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Ellen Blewett ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Human Resource Management ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- University of Portsmouth ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- 2011 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ...
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...Liberating Responses Sustaining the Encouraging Classroom • can be intentional or unintentional • show clear acceptance of the child as a worthwhile individual and member of the group • empower the child’s abilities • educate both the child and the class away from rejecting responses and toward accepting responses • adapt the physical and social environment so that all are included • facilitate cooperative and individual activities so that each child can experience success • appreciate the child’s family background • sensitively incorporate elements of the child’s family background and language into the program • use forms of discipline that guide rather than punish and that teach democratic life skills • help the class understand and cope with challenging behaviors from the child E. Liberation Teaching and...
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...Intellectual disabilities commonly known by “Mental Retardation”, is dubbed for a term used to describe a person's ability to learn at a less than expected level and function in one's daily life. There are several known types of cognitive functions ranging from mild to severe that are viewed as with some form of Intellectual disability or another. The hypotheses of individuals who display or experience mental retardation normally have some type of mental or physical impairment. Due to the barriers and stigmas associated with around the term mental retardation, association, institutions and various fields are adapting to the new terminology intellectual disabilities. According to my reading, in 1990, Congress passed a Law 101-476, recognizing the Individuals with Disabilities Education Acts (IDEA). (Thomas, 2013) Special education terminology has historically under gone construction several times in the United States. (Thomas, 2013) As I began to discuss various questions related to individuals with Intellectual disabilities, you will see how the terminology, law, and the identification of ID is very much an open wide debate. Interesting enough, what was perceived as my understanding of children with Intellectual disabilities was not to far off in terms of my opinion. I would venture to say that, maybe I was not as informed as previously thought off. Now, moreover, in knowing that there are different levels of disabilities, ignorant people, I including, almost categorize...
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...A genetic disorder is a disease that is caused by an abnormality in an individual’s DNA. Abnormalities can range from small mutation in a single gene to the addition or subtraction of an entire chromosome or set of chromosomes. Most disorders are rather rare and effect one person in every several thousands or millions. Three examples of genetic disorders are Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Breast/Ovarian cancer. Down syndrome, also called Trisomy 21, is a developmental disorder which is caused by an extra copy of chromosomes 21. It is named after John Langdon Down who is a British physician who described the syndrome in 1866 (Living With Down Syndrome). The extra genetic material causes delays in the way a child develops, both mentally and physically. The physical features and medical problems associated with Down syndrome can vary widely from child to child. While some children with Down syndrome need a lot of medical attention, others have healthy lives. Children with the disorder tend to share certain physical features such as a flat facial profile, upward slant of the eyes, small ears, and a protruding tongue. Although some children with DS have no significant health problems, others may experience some medical issues that require extra care. One medical issue is pulmonary hypertension which is a serious condition that can lead to untreatable damage to the lungs. To detect this issue all infants should be evaluated by a pediatric cardiologist. Two other medical issues...
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