...Biolando Biolando is a one of a kind natural region with many distinct features. It is made up of many lush plants and trees of varying types and is composed of subtropical wetlands. It is mostly composed of Sawgrass Marshes, Cypress and Mangrove forests. Biolando is home to many types of species such as the American Alligator, Tortoise, rabbits, various turtle species, and abundant amounts of fish and birds. The American Alligator, Turtle, Fish and Bird species inhabit the water regions of Biolando. The American Alligator’s main food source comes from various species of fish and birds. The Tortoise and rabbits live on the same terrain in which they live in harmony. The biotic factors of Biolando consist of various plants and trees such as Mangroves. Species such as Alligators, Turtles, Fish, Bird species, and Tortoises fall under the biotic factor category also. Abiotic factors in Biolando consist of forest fires which occur naturally and which can cause great harm to the environment of Biolando. Rain controls the amount of water that biolando receives, depending on this factor Biolando will either flourish or will be in a drought. Sunlight has a strong impact on plants which is one of the key factors to excel Biolando. If Disney decided to build on Biolando the species of Biolando would most definitely decrease in population due to the destruction of habitat and almost all the natural resources of Biolando would be destroyed being replaced by rides and other attractions...
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...around factories * Factories emits large amounts of dust to the atmosphere, largely from automobiles sector and fossil fuel combustion companies. * As trees grow, they help stop global warming by removing carbon dioxide from the air, storing carbon in the trees and soil, and releasing oxygen into the atmosphere. * Tree-planting on deforested lands creates further environmental benefits. Forests play a vital role in regulating water supplies, helping to minimise both water shortages in times of drought and damaging floods in heavy rains. * Therefore, if companies can invest millions of money for their business, it shouldn’t be a problem for them to plant trees around their factories or buildings. * Ex: mangrove trees * Reducing CO2 Emission in Offices * The most significant CO2 emissions from offices come from the consumption of electricity and heat in the office. * Computers, printers, copying machines and other appliances should be turned off if they are not used for a longer time, for example for nights and weekends * Connect the computers into a network. Even a simple network, for example two computers and a printer, will save electricity. * Avoid using stand-by functions Often the computers and other electric appliances are kept in a stand-by state. It means that it consumes electricity even though it is not used. A lot of energy can be saved if the appliances are shut down when they are not needed. ...
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...AN ENQUIRY INTO THE BANDRA WORLI SEA LINK PROJECT The Indian People’s Tribunal on Environment and Human Rights July 2001 CONTENTS Foreword Part 1: Introduction Project Profile Objective of the Project Financial Implications Technical Features 1 3 4 4 5 6 Part 2: Illegality of the Project Norms for Environmental Compliance in India a) EIA Process in India b) Project Location c) Assessment of Alternatives d) Delineation of Mitigation Measures and EIA Report e) Public Hearing f) Monitoring the Clearance Conditions Violations of these Environmental Laws a) No Public Hearing Held b) Incomplete environmental Impact Assessment c) Project Report not Available d) CRZ Violations Due to Reclamation e) Quarrying f) Local Community not Consulted 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 10 10 12 12 13 15 15 Impact of the Project on Environment, Livelihood and Traffic a) Protected Species Endangered by Illegal Tree Felling b) Impact on the Livelihood of Local Communities c) The Impact of Additional Traffic – Congestion in South Mumbai d) Increase in Road Traffic a Source of Pollution 16 17 20 20 22 Undesirability of the Project for the City’s Well Being a) Impact due to Blockage of the Mithi River b) Financial Viability and Absence of Realistic Projections of Cost Recovery c) Problems with the Planning and Implementation of the Project 23 23 24 26 Part 3: Alternatives Part 4: Conclusions and Recommendations Part 5: Annexures Annexure Annexure Annexure Annexure Annexure Annexure...
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...Discussion The Ridgway’s Rails, as discussed previously, are a highly endangered species living in saltwater marshes and mangrove swamps in the Bay Area. They are especially important to the tidal marsh ecosystem as they are an indicator of tidal wetland health. If they were to go extinct in Bay Area’s marshes, such as the marshes in the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, naturalists will not be able to tell whether the marsh is healthy or not. (“Clapper Rail”). Without knowing this, the marsh cannot be observed and cared for, resulting in habitat degradation for the Rails and many other endangered species. This infers that the extinction of this one important specie can eventually result in the decline of an entire...
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...Introduction: The population of the world continues to grow. Now, more than ever before, alternative energies have become an economic, social, and environmental necessity. The huge demand for energy, and especially Renewable Energy, around the world push us to seek new sources of energy. Generating renewable energy from the ocean through Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion, known as O.T.E.C. is one of the sources; it has been studied for nearly a century but, although several demonstration plants have been built to prove that the technology works, it has never been put into commercial operation. Now, however, despite the high costs involved, several companies are working toward commercial projects. Overview: OTEC is a marine renewable energy technology that is using the solar energy absorbed by the oceans in form of heat. OTEC generates electricity by exchanging heat with the warm water from the ocean surface and with the cold water from the deep ocean. History: The science behind ocean thermal energy conversion was first explored in France in the late 19th century and an experimental O.T.E.C. plant was built and briefly operated by a French engineer, Georges Claude, in Cuba in 1930. In the 1970s, as the first oil crisis hit, several countries started to look more seriously at the technology. In the 1980s however, as oil prices slid back, attention shifted away. [Source: Google] Two types of OTEC: Closed Cycle OTEC (CC-OTEC) Surface water is pumped through a heat...
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...Friend or Foe Shell in the Niger Delta Shell in the Niger Delta There is a long and terrible record of environmental destruction and human rights violations in the oil-producing regions of Nigeria. The gross level of environmental degradation caused by oil exploration and extraction in the Niger Delta has gone unchecked for the past 30 years. Evidence shows that the oil companies operating in Nigeria have not only disregarded their responsibility towards the environment but have acted together with the military’s repression of Nigerian citizens. The profit-driven collusion between multinational oil companies and the past and present Nigerian governments has cost many lives and continues to threaten the stability of the region. In the course of writing this paper, based on all the accounts of reports read, interviews conducted, news and report findings, I came to the realization that oil extraction and the related operations of multinational oil corporations pose a serious threat to the livelihood of the people of the Niger Delta. Tensions in the Niger Delta continue to erupt into violence as natural resources vital to local communities’ survival are destroyed by oil operations. Environmental and social justice for the people of the Niger Delta remain central issues for achieving peace in the region. As long as people’s calls for justice continue to be ignored and resisted by both multinational oil corporations and the Nigerian government, the situation...
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...WIND ENERGY I. Concept: _ Wind is the movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure. In fact, wind exists because the sun unevenly heats the surface of the Earth. As hot air rises, cooler air moves in to fill the void. As long as the sun shines, the wind will blow. And as long as the wind blows, people will harness it to power their lives. _ The terms "wind energy" or "wind power" describe the process by which the wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. This mechanical power can be used for specific tasks (such as grinding grain or pumping water) or a generator can convert this mechanical power into electricity to power homes, businesses, schools, and the like. II. Operating principle: _ Wind power is extracted from air flow using wind turbines or sails to produce mechanical or electrical power. Ancient mariners used sails to capture the wind and explore the world. Farmers once used windmills to grind their grains and pump water. Today, more and more people are using wind turbines to wring electricity from the breeze. Over the past decade, wind turbine use has increased at more than 25 percent a year. _ Most wind energy comes from turbines that can be as tall as a 20-story building and have three 200-foot-long (60-meter-long) blades. These contraptions look like giant airplane propellers on a stick. The wind spins the blades, which turn a shaft connected to a generator that produces electricity. Other turbines work the...
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...Waste and Energy Paper Monique Clemons, Angie Downs, Chisa Jackson, Sierra Richardson, Tim Rodabaugh, and Yvette Scott ENV / 100 October 28, 2013 Pamela Primrose Waste and Energy Paper Environmental Science is a way to obtain agricultural knowledge of how things are going on around the world and the effect it has on the environment. In this document you will obtain a brief explanation of nuclear waste, plastic, coal and oil. What are the alternatives of other energy resources, advantages and disadvantages that would contribute to stabilize the environment currently around the the surrounding areas. Effects: Plastic is one of the most used resources that society has; the most common are plastic bags and beverage bottles. Plastic though durable is very slow to degrade. Plastic is sourced from two major categories, thermoset and thermoplastics; thermoset means that the plastic solidifies when it’s heated. Thermoset plastics are most commonly used in cars and construction; soften when heated however they resume their original composition when at room temperature. Some common thermoplastic products include milk jugs, credit cards and carpet fibers. Plastic makes up 13% of solid waste in our water system ; shockingly 8% of plastic is recycled. Plastic in our soil can block the flow of water through the soil as well as hinder the growth production. Plastic covers about 40% of our world’s ocean surfaces. The greatest affect of all is the effect on our...
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...evident that animals are starting to change the way they are accustomed to life as a direct result of climate change. Ted Hollingsworth, director of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, states that “species may be migrating, shifting, because of climate changes.” One notable example of this is the American goldfinch, a North American bird, has shown to have migrated up to 220 miles north of Texas, and it’s population in Texas has shown to decrease by up to 40 percent. Not only is climate change affecting land animals, but it is also affecting sea creatures as well. The Gray snapper has shown to “steadily [move] hundreds of miles north since the 1990s, and is now found near Sabine Lake, close to Port Arthur. Young snappers live inshore in mangroves and grass beds, moving offshore to coral or rocky reefs when fully grown” (Ana M. Tinsley). Climate change is affecting many animals, causing them to migrate as a way to avoid being killed off by the increasing heat. As the years pass, birds, sea life, etc. are decreasing in numbers and are forced to adapt to a different lifestyle, not only impacting them, but also impacting those who pray on those animals as...
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...| Midterm Review Project | Chapter 4-14 | | | 1/16/2014 | AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE CHAPTER 4 EARTH SYSTEMS AND RESOURCES I. The Nature of Ecology a. Ecology is the study of connections in nature i. Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with one another and with their non-living environment ii. An organism is any form of life. The cell is the basic unit of life in organisms. b. Population i. Members of a species interact in groups called populations. ii. Species of the same population live together in a particular place or habitat. c. Communities and Ecosystems i. A community consists of populations of different species living and interacting in an area ii. An ecosystem is a community interacting with its physical environment of matter and energy. II. The Earth’s life support systems a. The different spheres of life-parts of Earth that support life systems. i. The Earth is made up of interconnected spherical layers that contain air, water, soil, minerals, and life. i.i Atmosphere: thin envelope or membrane of air around the planet. Its inner layer is the troposphere; it extends only about 17 km above sea level. i.ii Stratosphere: subsequent layer; its lower portion contains ozone to filter out the sun’s harmful...
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...which having a high density of trees, any area which is packed with tall and big vegetation are also considered as a forest. The trees in the forest are divided into two which are overstory or canopy, and the other one is the understory such as moss layer, moss layer and shrub layer. Generally, there are many types of forests such as Tropical Rainforests, Sub-tropical forest, Mediterranean Forests, Temperate Forests, Coniferous Forest, Montane Forests, and Plantation Forest. These type of forests are classified based on the location and climate. In Malaysia, the forest types that available are lowland dipterocarp forest, hill dipterocarp forest, upper hill dipterocarp forest, oak-laurel forest, peat swarm, montane ericaceous forest and also mangrove forest. The Earth stays green and healthy because of the tropical forest which is the root for richness biodiversity and sustainable climate. Forest Disturbance is an event that deals with the destruction or the changing of the forests caused by insects, diseases or human activity such as logging (Damien Sulla-Menashe et al, 2013). As we can see nowadays, forest disturbance activity has widely occurred in our forest. The forest disturbance can happen naturally and unnaturally. Naturally means the forest destroyed because of strong winds, hurricane and more natural disasters, meanwhile the unnatural forest disturbance is caused by human activities such as urbanization, logging and more. Human activity in extracting the usage of forest...
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...Liberia is the sole country in Africa that was colonized by the United States this is the same country that in the past 20 years has been devastated by war and disease. Can this country come back from a civil war and the devastation of the Ebola virus disease over the past year? Liberia has been subjected to an outbreak of Ebola virus which has sent the country's health care system reeling. The country has made some strides, it has become the first country in Africa to elect a woman as president but with all the strides that have been made can Liberia rebuild their government? Can essential services such as power and electricity be implemented all over the country? Can Liberia survive and rebuild the country? This paper will look at those issues to see if they can. Liberia is a nation in West Africa that lies on the coast close to the Atlantic Ocean. The name Liberia originates from the Latin word "liber" and it implies freedom and alludes to the country's starting point as a settlement of free blacks repatriated to Africa from the United States in the mid nineteenth century (Sherman, 2011). It was built up in 1833 by a gathering of North American liberated slaves supported by the Maryland Colonization Society. The undertaking had a specific enthusiasm for Maryland as the American state with the biggest number of free African Americans. With budgetary help from nearby parts, places of worship, and the assemblies of Border States, the general public paid for the transportation...
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...EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF VIET NAM Literature Review 3 I. General 3 1. Geographical location & Vietnam’s climate 3 a. Geographical location 3 b. Climate 3 2. Effects of geographical & climate on Vietnam’s economy: 6 a. Effects of geographical location to Vietnam’s economy: 6 II. Definition, causes and actual situation of Viet Nam under climate change 7 1. Definition of climate change 8 2. Causes of climate change: 8 a. Natural causes 8 b. Human causes 9 c. Greenhouse gases and their sources 9 3. Actual situation in Vietnam: 12 III. Impact of Climate change on Viet Nam economy 14 1. Impact of Climate change on economy in general: 14 2. Climate change directly affects every economic sector 15 a. Impacts of climate change on agriculture, forestry and fisheries 15 b. Impact of climate change on industry sector 20 c. .Impacts of climate change on tourism sector 20 d. Impacts of climate change in components of the economy. 22 IV. Policies to deal with problems caused by climate change 26 1. Opportunities 26 2. Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change 26 The Three Approaches in Brief: 27 References 35 Literature Review There are many studies that have examined the effects of climate change on Vietnam’s economy. The majority of findings stated that climate change have negative impacts on Vietnam’s economy and suggest possible adaptation or mitigation measures to lessen the adverse impacts. The economies of some countries...
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...| |2014 | | | | | |Submitted to: | | |TAKRIMA SAYEDA | | |Lecturer | | | | | |University Of Dhaka | | | | | | | | |Course: THM 325 | |[BANGLADESH RAILWAYS – THE LIFE LINE OF THE COUNTRY] | | | | | |Prepared By: GROUP – ‘Knockout Knights’ | | | Group name : `Knockout Knights` Course code : THM - 325 Member’ |Name ...
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...MA’AM LARSENEY OBEMIO, MA’AM CICILE ALLOYON let me extend our over whelming thanks giving and our deepest gratitude and appreciation. I would like also to express my gratitude towards to my parents who gave us a support, of giving us money to work on this assignment. Let me give my greatest and deepest gratitude to all of my Classmates, Sir, Ma’am, thank you very much. INTRODUCTION Why do we need to borrow money? There a numerous reasons for the borrowing of money but common ones are; home loans, purchasing of cars, insurance, purchasing of business companies etc. People borrow money in general because they either can’t afford something or they have no money in cash, so they borrow from the bank, the disadvantage however is that you have to pay it back, and what people don't realize is that the bank adds interest to the overall payment if you pay it over a period of time which is not in the month requested by the...
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