...INTRODUCTION I would like to take this opportunity to thank my respected teacher Mr. Carl Bloom for giving me the chance to work on such an interesting topic for my term paper. The topic for this term paper was “Student spending habits”. The main purpose of this research was to find out what students actually spend their money on. I wanted to find out whether students are actually spending their money on things which are absolutely necessary or whether they are just wasting their money on unnecessary items. I have tried to reach to my conclusions by taking a survey of 60 students and an interview of a lecturer of Consumer Behavior courses from North South University, Mr. Junaid Khan. Most people think that students nowadays waste more money than students used to 20 or maybe 30 years back. I would like to try to prove them wrong by showing that students nowadays have a lot more expenditure than people used to 20 years back. The average university going students needs at least 100 Taka everyday. This might sound like a very large amount because 100 Taka everyday means that he/she is spends 3000 Taka a month just going to and from university. However, if we look closer and try to find out why so much money is required we can see that the average student needs around 80 Taka just to travel to and from university and home. If the student doesn’t get transport from his house then a major portion of his expenditure consists of traveling. Besides transport there are also other expenses...
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...Deloitte (2013b) is a global company which provides comprehensive accounting services in a range of areas such as: auditing; taxation; consulting; risk management and financial advising. Gender discrimination is prevalent in workforce environments with senior management in companies being male dominated. Deloitte (2013a) understands that inspiring women is integral in the success of their company, knowing that productivity can be increased through using women as an under-utilised resource. Removing glass ceiling barriers for women is important for their status and recognition. Deloitte (2013a) is following this initiative, being a market leader in empowering women. This report will explain that leadership, motivation and human resource strategies have been used by Deloitte to effectively manage its employee’s behaviours through their vision of empowering women. This report will explain that culture in the Asian and Middle Eastern countries play a role in determining the strategies that a company can use. There will be an analysis critiquing the strategies that Deloitte have used, whether they have adopted the correct strategies and what strategies they should implement in the future. “Leadership is the process by which a person exerts influence over other people and inspires, motivates and directs their activities to help achieve group or organisational goals” (Waddell, Jones & George, 2011, p. 172). Deloitte motivates and manages its employees through using the leadership...
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...representation can be simply delineated: Women represent half of the population of a country and therefore have the right to half of the Seats, since decisions made in parliament have a direct impact on their lives. - Women have different social and biological experiences which should be represented in Institution of governance. - Women and men have partly conflicting interests. - Women in positions of power can inspire more women to place themselves in influential and decision-making roles. Providing reservations to a particular section of community in government jobs and other institutions is generally the highlight of any political party’s agenda these days. Now there have been discussions about providing reservations to women in government jobs and democratic institutions like legislative assemblies and Parliament also. Sometimes one feels that basically the reservation issue is nothing but a populist policy of a government, but still it is necessary to discuss the rationale behind such a policy. Can reservations for women be an effective measure and do the women really require such special treatment? These are the points which need to be addressed. It is nothing but a truism to say that the present status of women in the Indian society vis-à-vis the status of men is far from satisfactory. For centuries, Indian society like most of the other societies has been a male-dominated one. Perhaps the degradation of the status of women started in the later Vedic period, because...
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...of numerous schools around the world, you might see a disturbing pattern in a few spots around the globe; a severe lack of girls in classrooms. Whether it be due to seeping misogyny, cultural bias, or just the mere fact that women are rendered unable to escape their responsibilities in the household, it is apparent that such a gap between the sexes causes more societal ills than almost any other factor in the developing world. The gap in male and female primary schooling around the world needs to be narrowed, to the point where both girls and boys can sit together in classroom without having the obstacles of poor funding, bias, and poverty corner them out. Many strides have been made in education gender equality since the end of World War Two. The amount of girls frequenting schools, even in the least-developed of nations, has exponentially risen rapidly over the last five decades. Industrialized nations in the western hemisphere have achieved “maximum education equality for girls,” while in the still-emerging expanses of the Middle East, Pacific Asia, and South America, girls are slowly, yet steadily, catching up to their male counterparts in their census department (Medel-Anonuevo 4). In other regions of the world, however, gender equilibrium in education still leaves a lot to be desired. The often-stereotyped arenas of Sub-Saharan Africa and India struggle to meet the yearly standard for equality as set by UNESCO, while growth in Baltics and Central Asia has stuttered for...
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...Women Empowerment in Bangladesh A Study of the Village Pay Phone Program Linda Hultberg C-thesis 15 hp Media and Communication Studies Spring Term 2008 Supervisor Anders Svensson Examinator Kaj Granath School of Education and Communication (HLK) Jönköping University C-thesis 15 hp Media and Communication Studies Spring term 2008 Abstract Linda Hultberg Women Empowerment in Bangladesh A Study of the Village Pay Phone Program Number of Pages: 38 The purpose with this study is to find out how the mobile phone and the Village Pay Phone from Grameen Telecom have been implemented into women’s life in rural Bangladesh. It also aims to study how the women have become empowered by this program. The sample constitutes sixteen female owners. A purposeful cluster sampling was used to depict six villages from various parts of Bangladesh. When arriving in the villages a snowball sampling method was used to find female VPP owners. The sampling method was chosen to include a sample of various characteristics. The study has a hermeneutic phenomenological approach, which aims to find out how the women experience the VPP and what meaning the women put in it. To collect empirical data interviews with open questions were used that opened up for conversation and the possibility to understand a range of experiences and nuances of meanings. The findings indicate that the majority of the women handed over the VPP to their husband or a male relative. The reason why is the families’ pressure on them...
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...1. Applied ethics involves: a. investigating where our ethical principles come from and what they mean. b. making a comparative analysis of cross-cultural moral standards. c. establishing moral standards that regulate right and wrong conduct. d. focusing on the issues of universal truths, the will of God. e. examining specific controversial issues. e 2. People in Northern Europe and North America tend to schedule one event at a time. They serve as an example of a(n) _____. a. polychronic culture. b. monochronic culture. c. individualistic culture. d. culture with high power distance. e. culture with low uncertainty avoidance. b 3. Cultures and values are: a. stagnant by nature. b. irrelevant in the world of business. c. hindrances to economic development. d. constantly evolving in nature. e. not influenced by media and technology. d 4. “Guanxi” refers to: a. the connections which are essential for doing business in China. b. the sub-cultural groups that exist in China. c. the dominant cultural group that decides Chinese culture. d. the cultural differences between Taiwan and China. e. the department responsible for implementing cultural practices in China. a 5. The term “national culture” refers to: a. the culture which had been prevalent for more than two centuries. b. the culture which is implemented by the government in power. c. the...
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... Odebiyi, Shedu and Zacha (2002:106) maintain: [W]omen’s wellbeing often deteriorates quickly after the loss of their husbands, when they suffer threats of both their physical security and property. A widow often loses her husband’s property to the in-laws in accordance with family traditional rules. This study proposes to explore the widows’ experiences of property inheritance in the Binga District, in the North West of Zimbabwe. Economically, people in Binga practice subsistence farming, animal rearing, and gathering natural fruits. People also enjoy the liberty of fishing in the Zambezi River and this is why they are called Basilwizi, that is people of the great river. The educational level in the district is low, more so among women in all population age groups. Socio-culturally, the Tonga people adhere strongly...
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...wfo-oma.com/women-in-agriculture/articles/the-role-of-rural-women-in-agriculture.html Written by Saquina Mucavele, MuGeDe - Women, Gender and Development, Republic of Mozambique - Southern Africa "When women are empowered and can claim their rights and access to land, leadership, opportunities and choices, economies grow, food security is enhanced and prospects are improved for current and future generations", Michelle Bachelet - Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director of UN Women Women are the backbone of the development of rural and national economies. They comprise 43% of the world’s agricultural labor force, which rises to 70% in some countries. In Africa, 80% of the agricultural production comes from small farmers, who are mostly rural women. Women comprise the largest percentage of the workforce in the agricultural sector, but do not have access and control over all land and productive resources. During the last ten years, many African countries have adopted new land laws in order to strengthen women’s land ownership rights. This has helped improve the situation of rural women. To this effect, the lack of appreciation of the role of rural women in agriculture is harmful and gives rise to a lack of specific policies, policies which are misdirected, high levels of poverty, illiteracy and non-involvement in the design and planning of programs and policies, which involves a process of mutual learning that reflects the real and specific needs of rural women. Despite...
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...RETHINKING POLICY ON CHILD SEx RATIOS Mary E John ......................................................................................5 NCW: TWENTY YEARS OF EMPOWERING WOMEN Mamta Sharma ..................................................................................9 STREE SHAKTI Rashmi Singh ..................................................................................13 NORTH EAST DIARY ...............................................................18 EMPOWERING WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE Amrit Patel ......................................................................................19 EMPOWERED WOMEN, EMPOWERED NATION Shahin Razi .....................................................................................24 WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT ACROSS INDIAN STATES Arundhati Chattopadhyay ...............................................................29 J&K wINDOw ..........................................................................56 AMENDING ARCHAIC LAWS TO EMPOWER WOMEN Moushumi Das Gupta .....................................................................52 WOMEN AND PANCHAYATI RAJ Nupur Tiwari ...................................................................................36 DO YOu KNOw? SOME FACTS ABOUT DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ACT, 2005 ..................................................................41 WOMEN SELF HELP GROUPS Kahnu Charan Dhir .........................................................................42 BEST PRACTICES PEARL IN THE SAND – TARA DEVI Dilip Bidawat...
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...Gender discrimination is a non-tradition security threat to Pakistan and it has implications for Pakistan security. Pakistani women are more than half of the total population, but women are treated inhumanly within their homes by their husbands or dominant males through different ways like Domestic Violence, Sawara, Vani, Karo Kari, Honour Killing, Acid Throwing, Forced Marriages etc. Gender discrimination is also deeply rooted in Pakistani society in education and employment sectors. The security of a state like Pakistan is connected with the security of whole population and a country cannot be considered secure until its whole population feel secure. For the progress and prosperity of a country there is needed to eliminate the discriminatory attitude of the society towards the women. There are multiple ways to improve gender balance in the country which will reduce gender discrimination. Key Words: Gender Discrimination, Education Sector, Employment Sector, Gender and Human Security. I. Introduction This study discusses gender discrimination as „non-traditional security‟ threat to the country. It argues that women are more than half of the population and the security of women is associated with state security. This is so because no country can be secure until its whole population feels secure. Pakistan needs to empower its women for the progress and prosperity of a country. Balance has been maintained by the nature in all things of the world in order...
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...1.3. PROBLEM STATEMENT There are low rates of enrollment, retention and completion of female students in the Science and technology education in the Marampa, Port Loko District due to CFS, EFS and lack of self-efficacy among JSS to SSS female students. The CFS include lack of qualified science Teachers, lack of equipped science laboratories, lack of teaching and learning materials with Examination malpractices in the science subjects. The EFS are poverty, sexual harassment, early marriages, teenage pregnancies, distance, cultural beliefs and practices, lack of access to Healthcare services, Food and adequate drinking water and environmental sanitation. The lack of self-efficacy is natural and could be nurtured by the environment of the female...
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...The electoral system in United Kingdom The electoral system in United Kingdom After the examination of Canadian national institution, it has been nominated that a few reforms are intensely needed in the Canadian institutions for the due management of the regional and the inter-governmental issues (Loiacono, 2010). The three suggested reforms are the reforms in the Supreme Courts, the reforms in the senate, the reforms in the House of Commons Supreme Court The need for the reform is elevated by considering the fact that is it logical to consider Supreme Court as a general court of appeal and are their any specialized needs of constitutional tribunals. The scope of judicial proceedings and judgments needs to be institutionalized in the context. Quebec is indeed the province that responds assertively to the importance of a pure judiciary. Quebec highlights that the existing Supreme Courts are totally appointed in the conformance of federal executives, and it does not differentiate the difference between civil law and the British common law. Additionally the decisions of the Supreme Court are confirmed to be biased against the Quebecers. The debate since 1950s still needs a re-modification in the form of a pure Canadian Supreme Court, where the law holds every Canadian equal in the court of law (Sherman, 1999, p. 68). Senate The second modification proposed is the modification in the senate. The Canadian federation has long been considered to seek the reform in the...
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...Most countries around the world have won the battle to provide universal primary education, but the picture is much more mixed at secondary and higher education levels, while policy also needs to keep a firm eye on ensuring the continuous improvement of the quality of education. Women are still less likely than boys to even start secondary education in Western, Eastern and Middle Africa and Southern Asia. Enrolment is less of a problem in OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, where education is generally compulsory up to age 15-16. But men are more likely to drop out before completing secondary education, particularly in the high-income countries. As a result, in many countries across the world younger women are increasingly better educated than young men in OECD countries. In reading skills, for example, men lag behind girls at the end of compulsory education to the equivalent of a year’s schooling, on average, and are far less likely to spend time reading for pleasure. Men are ahead in mathematics but the gender gap is small compared to reading. But yet the women are still less likely to choose scientific and technological fields of study, and even when they do, they are less likely to take up a career in these fields – a concern given skills shortages in the workplace, the generally more promising career and earnings prospects in these fields, and the likelihood of positive spillovers from more skilled workers in these fields to innovation...
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...Assessment of Non-acute Health and Social Services in Ponchatoula, Louisiana Laura K. Ogden Southeastern Louisiana University College of Nursing and Health Sciences School of Nursing NLAB 334 October 29, 2014 Assessment of Non-acute Health and Social Services in Ponchatoula, Louisiana The community assessed was Ponchatoula, Louisiana. The focus of the assessment was non-acute health and social services. The community-as-partner model was used as a guide in understanding how the different parts of Ponchatoula’s community make up its core, and to apply the steps of the nursing process (Anderson and McFarlane, 2011). The assessment was based on observations of the community, interview data from a nursing home director, and selected published data related to the healthcare and social services assessed. Assessment data was analyzed, and conclusions and inferences drawn from the analysis will be presented in the paper. Windshield Survey On October 28th at approximately 4:00 pm an observation of Ponchatoula was conducted while driving through the city’s limits. This survey was done to acquire an overall health assessment of Ponchatoula’s environment including buildings and people out and about. The city itself appeared dated as evidenced by the architecture, especially on E. Pine St. However, for being the age they are, the buildings appeared well kept with clean paint jobs. Sidewalks lined each side of E....
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...Participatory Video is a set of techniques to involve a group or community in shaping and creating their own film. The idea behind this is that making a video is easy and accessible, and is a great way of bringing people together to explore issues, voice concerns or simply to be creative and tell stories. This process can be very empowering, enabling a group or community to take action to solve their own problems and also to communicate their needs and ideas to decision-makers and/or other groups and communities. As such, PV can be a highly effective tool to engage and mobilize marginalized people and to help them implement their own forms of sustainable development based on local needs. How does Participatory Video work? * Participants (men, women and youth) rapidly learn how to use video equipment through games and exercises. * Facilitators help groups to identify and analyse important issues in their community by adapting a range of Participatory Rural Apraisal (PRA)-type tools with participatory video techniques (for example, social mapping, action search, prioritising, etc. * Short videos and messages are directed and filmed by the participants. * Footage is shown to the wider community at daily screenings. · * A dynamic process of community-led learning, sharing and exchange is set in motion. * Completed films can be used to promote awareness and exchange between various different target groups. * Participatory video films or video messages can be...
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