...Over the last 500 years, the double-entry system of accounting has provided the accounting profession with a reliable and accurate way of tracking the economic events of companies. However, with the implementation of computer-based accounting systems over the last few decades, event based accounting has gained popularity. The theory behind event based accounting is that each business transaction can be broken down into one, or a combination of three types of events: economic, business, and information. An economic event is one in which the quantity of resources change, such as selling an item or purchasing a service. Events like receiving an invoice from a supplier, or sending out a purchase order to a vendor are examples of business events. They are necessary to the company even though they are not the monetary or physical transactions for goods or services. Tasks like creating reports and inputting new customers are considered information events. Information events provide the necessary data for the economic or business events that transpire. The double-entry system of accounting focuses on taking those separate events and aggregating them into journal entries. By aggregating them, a great deal of the total information of the event is left out. Under an event based accounting system each event is recorded with as much of the information as possible, and then stored in tables of data that allow the user to recall and compile this information into usable reports. This...
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...Accounting is the most basic framework of business. People use accounting in their daily lives when they study financial statements to make investment decisions, assess interest rather to pay off their house mortgage and calculate rates for car payments. God himself recognize accounting, for he said in his Holy Bible that everyone would be accountable before him when this world comes to an end.(Matthew 12:36) The practice of accounting can be traced back to ancient times, with "accounting books" of various forms discovered as early as 3500 B. C. From the time of 3500 B. C., accounting has progressed slowly through the development of the modern double-entry system published by Luca Paciolo in the fifteenth century until the advent of the computer. In 1581 the first college of accountants was organized with power to regulate entry into the field. Along with the development of modern accounting, a stereotypical image of the accountant was developed, because of its task being routine and purity mathematical in function. The accountant is view as a dull person that is chain to his desk all day. A survey of college students proved that accounting is treated with mental formulaic concepts, thus it has a stereotype image. Accounting may be defined as an information system that provides reports to various individuals or groups about economic activities of an organization or other entity. Accounting is information sciences used to collect, classify, and manipulate financial data for...
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...Journal Entries: Reflection and Reader Response • Journal Entry 1: “What does it mean to be a soldier?” (Reflection/RR) • Journal Entry 2: “Only the dead see the end of war…” (Reflection/RR) • Journal Entry #3: “How does being a solider change a man (or woman)? Are people changed for better or worse or both? What is the effect on the person, and what is the effect on the nation?” (Reflection/RR) • Journal Entry #4: “Reflect on the duality of words. How do words hold infinite power in their ability to simultaneously create and destroy? How do words affect conflict? How do they affect people?” (Reflection/RR) • Journal Entry #5: “Who or what determines our respective identities? Who or what makes you who you are? Why? How? Is it fair? Do we have control over who we are? Who we are perceived to be?” (Reflection/RR) • Journal Entry #6: “What does Oscar Schindler prove about people amid war and destruction? What characters have we encountered thus far in the semester who could also fit into this category? Why is it so important we remember them and tell their stories?” (Reflection/RR) • Journal Entry #7: “What does it mean to have courage? Is it truly more honorable to die than to live? Is this always the case? If not, reflect on the ambiguity of such a statement.” (Reflection/RR) • Journal Entry #8: “What tangibles and intangibles do you carry with you every day? Why are they important to you?” (Reflection/RR) • Journal Entry #9: “In your opinion, can there...
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...ACCT290 WEEK 4 REVERSING ENTRIES JOAN GAPP Journal entries are used to change accounting information in financial systems. Following the double-entry system used in modern accounting, these entries always affect at least two accounts -- one account is debited, while another account is credited. A reversing entry is a journal entry that inverts a previously recorded "regular" entry. The use of reversing entries is optional, but it offers certain advantages, making them very popular in the accounting world. When you reverse an entry made in a prior period, you prevent duplication of revenues or expenses, which improves accuracy. For example, you made an entry to recognize a phone expense last month as part of the closing of the month process. Now the bill has been entered in the accounting system, and an expense was again recognized. The reversing entry will zero out the expense, correcting the situation. Reversing entries related to period closing always are paired with entries from the past. You can enter a journal entry in January and reverse it in February to avoid duplication in February. You don't normally go back to January to reverse an entry done in February. Reversing entries is a simple process that can be performed by any employee without much knowledge of accounting. Basically, the account originally debited is now credited and vice versa. There's no need to research or conduct any calculations -- all you need to do is reverse the original entry using the same exact...
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...Journal Entry # 10: Which of the ten am I? Be that it may, when I was around the age of three or four years old my parents divorced and it was the hardest thing that brothers and I experienced. At times it can be hard because it makes me wonder if they have ever loved each other and it also makes me wonder why they even split. In all honesty, I have a difficult talking about my parents divorce because it's not an easiest thing to bring up and at times I still find it hard to deal with because it impacted my life in such a major way. Often times, I find myself imagining what it would be like if my parents had stayed to together and I also wonder what led to the divorce. First of all, I will admit that every time that I would hear my mom talk...
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...Life in the Web: An Exploration of Susan Griffin’s “Our Secret” There is a web that every person in the world is a part of. This web connects us to every person that has had an influence on us. The people we see every day, our family and friends, are the ones directly connected to us. We meet someone new, another new connection in the web. We are even connected to people we have never met. Friends of friends, and people who we may never meet but have some indirect effect on us, form the outer circle of the web. We are all connected in some way to every other person. Susan Griffin explores this theory of a complex matrix of connections in her essay “Our Secret”. She employs a style of writing that uses several different threads of stories from her own experiences and the life of Heinrich Himmler, Chief of the Nazi SS, as well as references to seemingly unrelated topics such as missile production and cells to weave the fabric of her theory of universal interconnectedness. At first glance, each passage seems unrelated to the next, but after thorough reading a juxtaposition of the threads is evident. Through her entire essay, Griffin uses underlying themes that connect each thread and anecdote to one another. One of the main themes that is interwoven through her essay is child rearing and the effect that different styles of parenting have on the child later in life. One relationship between father and son she explores is Heinrich Himmler and his father Gebhard. Gebhard was...
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...Jenny Broussard English 0347 Liza daily October 14, 2009 JOURNAL ENTRY I came from the big family, and my dad always hoped that we all can graduate university. We came to United State in five different times. Fortunately, we had united in 1985 with my parent and eight brothers and sisters. In the mean time, we all lived together except my other two sisters who already got married. My dad had to work two jobs in order to support the whole family. I just liked a handicap person without speaking English, driving vehicle. As my dad’s dream, I also loved to go to college after graduated from high school. Unfortunately, I couldn’t find a good job to help my dad with financial. I could see furrows on his forehead, wrinkles on his face after a few months my family reunion. I felt selfishly to go to school with his supporting. I decided to work hard instead of going to school; because I thought that the only way to share his responsibilities. The time went by, I got married, moved out, and had my own obligations. I had two children, and divorced when my youngest daughter turned six year olds. I still didn’t help him at all when I was raising the children on my own. I step on his foot to work two jobs to support my kids. I was so regretted to make the bad decision. I still burst into tears every time I talked to my children about this. What if I did go back to school, it took me six years the most, so I could make my own living and helped him as well...
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...investigating the effect of students socio-economic/family background on students academic performance in tertiary institutions using decision tree algorithms A. B. Adeyemo (Ph.D)1 and S. O. Kuyoro (M.Sc.)2 Department of Computer Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Abstract The causes of the difference in the academic performance of students in tertiary institutions has for a long time been the focus of study among higher education managers, parents, government and researchers. The cause of this differential can be due to intellective, non-intellective factors or both. From studies investigating student performance and related problems it has been determined that academic success is dependent on many factors such as; grades and achievements, personality and expectations, and academic environments. This work uses data mining techniques to investigate the effect of socio-economic or family background on the performance of students using the data from one of the Nigerian tertiary institutions as case study. The analysis was carried out using Decision Tree algorithms. The data comprised of two hundred forty (240) records of students. The academic performance of students was measured by the students’ first year cumulative grade point average (CGPA). Various Decision Tree algorithms were investigated and the algorithm which best models the data was used to generate rule sets which can be used to analyze the effect of the socio-economic background of students on their academic...
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...Department of Justice Ministère de la Justice Canada Canada WORKING DOCUMENT THE EFFECTS OF DIVORCE ON CHILDREN A Selected Literature Review Research and Statistics Division October 1997 WD1998-2e UNEDITED Research and Statistics Division/ Division de la recherche et de la statistique Policy Sector/ Secteur des politiques WORKING DOCUMENT THE EFFECTS OF DIVORCE ON CHILDREN A Selected Literature Review Research and Statistics Division October 1997 WD1998-2e UNEDITED The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Justice Canada. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1 2.0 LIMITATIONS OF THE RESEARCH .............................................................. 3 3.0 FACTORS AFFECTING CHILDREN’S POSTDIVORCE ADJUSTMENT ................. 6 3.1 Child Characteristics............................................................................ 6 3.1.1 Gender ................................................................................. 6 3.1.2 Age at Divorce ....................................................................... 8 3.2 Family Characteristics.......................................................................... 9 3.2.1 Socio-economic Status .............................................................. 9 3.2.2 Ethno-cultural Background...................................................
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...Tourism. I would also like to acknowledge the helpful comments and suggestions provided by two anonymous referees. 23 HOTEL OWNER / OPERATOR STRUCTURES: IMPLICATIONS FOR CAPITAL BUDGETING PROCESS ABSTRACT The findings of a field study concerned with appraising capital budgeting process implications arising from different owner / operator structures employed in the hotel industry are reported. Dimensions of conflict that can arise between hotel operators and owners are examined. Consistent with expectations motivated by agency theory, data collected suggest that capital budgeting systems in hotels operating under a divorced owner / operator structure exhibit more formalisation and a greater propensity for investment proposal cash forecast biasing. These findings suggest a degree of dysfunctionalism associated with the divorced / owner operator structure widely adopted in the hotel industry. Key words: Hotel, Capital Budgeting, Ownership structure, Agency theory.4 HOTEL OWNER / OPERATOR STRUCTURES: IMPLICATIONS FOR CAPITAL BUDGETING PROCESS 1. Introduction The degree of research endeavour that has been invested in surveying capital budgeting practice is apparent from studies attempting to synthesise and generalise findings to wider populations (e.g., Aggarwal, 1980; Pike, 1996; Sangster, 1993). While the survey method has...
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...Accounting Theory • Docent Machteld Van den Bogaerd machteld.vandenbogaerd@kuleuven.be • Cursusmateriaal – handboek (aanbevolen – niet verplicht) Accounting Theory (Godfrey et al., 2010) – Toledo wetenschappelijke artikels, handouts, etc. Accounting Theory • Examen (75% vd score) – schriftelijk examen – gesloten boek – duurtijd: 2 uur – combinatie multiple choice & open vragen Accounting Theory • Opdracht (25% vd score) – literatuurstudie rond een welbepaald thema in groep (5 leden), onderwerpen zie Toledo – inhoud • beknopte bespreking (relevantie) thema • overzicht relevante/gehanteerde theorieën • gehanteerde onderzoeksmethode(n) • overzicht van de onderzoeksresultaten Accounting Theory – vorm • maximaal 5 bladzijden (zonder referenties) • referenties toevoegen in literatuurlijst • minstens 2 wetenschappelijke artikels per groepslid • 2 groepen werken rond hetzelfde onderwerp! Belangrijk: logisch gestructureerd en geïntegreerd verhaal - Peer assessment!! => Meer info: zie document ‘Enkele praktische tips’ op Toledo. Accounting Theory – deadlines • samenstelling groep + onderwerp (via e-mail): maandag 12 oktober 2015 • eerste versie (feedback): 5 november 2015 (enkel via e-mail) • finale versie (op papier + pdf) incl. peer review (op papier): 3 december 2015 • presentaties: 10 en 17 december 2015 + min. 2 vragen voor de parallelle groep. Presentatie: 10-tal minuten (achteraf mogelijkheid tot stellen van vragen door ...
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...Basic Rights of an Employee There are set minimum rights that are governed by law that covers all employees no matter if it is documented in an employee hand book or not. Your place of work cannot downgrade you or trade off any less then what is already set in stone by the government. These rights were formed to protect you while at work against your employer against discrimination and minimum age requirements. These rights include paid time off, the minimum you can get paid for working a holiday overtime, or sick pay including bereavement leave. These rights also protect the employee by allowing them the right to refuse work that might harm themselves or others around. Employers have a set of items in which they must comply with which include paying at least the minimum wage to its employees. They must also provide its employees with annual leave. Employers must compensate the employees for public holidays which they work or would normally work in which the holiday falls on. The employer must supply a written agreement to the employees. Employers cannot deduct any money without prior agreement that is completed in writing. Additionally the employer must provide a safe work place and not place any discrimination against you. Employee Rights in the Workplace Every employee has basic rights in the workplace, which include “the right to privacy, fair compensation, and freedom from discrimination.”(Haunschild, 2010.) Even individuals who apply for jobs also have certain rights...
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...Kate formed deep bonds with her family members, with the sisters who taught her at school, and with her life-long friend Kitty Garasché. Much of the fiction Kate wrote as an adult draws on the nurturing she received from women as she was growing up. Her early life had a great deal of trauma. In 1855, her father was killed in a railroad accident. In 1863 her beloved French-speaking great grandmother died. Kate spent the Civil War in St. Louis, a city where residents supported both the Union and the Confederacy and where her family had slaves in the house. Her half brother enlisted in the Confederate army, was captured by Union forces, and died of typhoid fever. From 1867 to 1870 Kate kept a commonplace book in which she recorded diary entries and copied passages of essays, poems, and other writings. In 1869 she wrote a little sketch, "Emancipation: A Life Fable. Around age nineteen, through social events held at Oakland, a wealthy estate near St. Louis, Kate met Oscar Chopin of Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, whose French father had taken the family to Europe during the Civil War. "I am going to be married," Kate...
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...Berkeley Julia M. Lewis, PhD San Francisco State University This follow-up study of 131 children, who were 3–18 years old when their parents divorced in the early 1970s, marks the culmination of 25 years of research. The use of extensive clinical interviews allowed for exploration in great depth of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors as they negotiated childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, and adulthood. At the 25-year follow-up, a comparison group of their peers from the same community was added. Described in rich clinical detail, the findings highlight the unexpected gulf between growing up in intact versus divorced families, and the difficulties children of divorce encounter in achieving love, sexual intimacy, and commitment to marriage and parenthood. These findings have significant implications for new clinical and educational interventions. The study we report here begins with the first no-fault divorce legislation in the nation and tracks a group of 131 California children whose parents divorced in the early 1970s. They were seen at regular intervals over the 25-year span that followed. When we first met our young participants, they were between ages 3 and 18; by the mid- to late 1990s, when our study ended, they were 28–43 years old. They were the vanguard of an army of adults raised in divorced families who made up one quarter of the American population between the ages of 18 and 44, as reported in 1991 in the National Survey of Families and ...
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...The Impact of Fatherless Children Alexander Ontiverios Essay Report The last several decades have seen an alarming trend of increasing father absence or fatherlessness. Fatherlessness is widely recognized as a contributing factor to a myriad of social maladies in the United States. Father absence has been a subject of heated debate and the center of countless surveys, focus groups and opinion polls. There are some who disagree as to exactly how culpable absent fathers are for many of the social ills we’re seeing in our society today, but there’s no denying it is a problem. This paper will endeavor to show that in spite of often heroic efforts by single mothers to rear their children as productive members of society, there is an overwhelming amount of data indicating fatherlessness as a significant factor of violent crime, educational under-achievement, high rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), teenage pregnancy and behavioral disorders and it is vital that children have a father proactively involved in their lives wherever possible. Arguably the most desperate reason for fathers to engage in a positive way in their children’s lives is reflected in the statistics of violent crime. The young men of society today are growing up without fathers to guide them and teach them right from wrong. This has produced a generation of young men who are astonishingly angry. According to a report by Criminal Justice and Behavior, “Eighty percent of rapists motivated by...
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