...How the climate is affecting human health Debates on the climate change can be easily broken down fairly fast. Because you have those that believe that mankind’s activities are changing the planet’s climate, and you have those that don’t believe it have an impact on the climate. But there is a new way on how to discuss the changes which gets the focus from the greenhouse gas emission and power plants to very important issues at hand your health. It is very easy to brush aside the debates involving major international corporations but who wouldn’t stop to think and perhaps do something about their very own health, and the health of their loved ones. I feel like the environment does play a major role in public health of everyone whether we want to accept it or not but it do. At one point the air was so bad that you really couldn’t stay outside long to enjoy it before you had to go back inside but since action was taken about the air it’s a lot better. There are going to be a whole host of public health issues that will impact people so we as a whole we are going to have to come together and do a better job in protecting our climate because you can’t condom yourself from the air or the climate. The impact of climate change can make someone that suffers from asthma situation worsen. I have a daughter that has asthma and the slightest weather change flares it up and to the hospital we have to go. In the near future there will be an app available that will be able to...
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...failures that are caused by externalities. Externalities occur when an external source receives some of the costs of benefits of a certain good that the actual buyer or seller does not receive. There are two sides to externalities; there are both negative and positive externalities. First of all, a negative externality occurs when a decision made from a source (Individual or firm) does not have to pay the full amount of their decision. When talking about a good or a service that has a negative externality, the consumer is usually paying less than society. When a consumer makes a decision, typically they weight their marginal cost and benefit, but they do not weight the negative externality, which creates a huge disorganized market. As for the producer, they do not take the responsibility of external costs, so these costs are passed on to society. In addition, negative externalities occur everyday, from our jobs, homes and even children. In an article from BBC news, it explains the negative externalities that England received from smoke-free legislatures introduced. In the article it stated, “A study showed a 12% drop in the first year after the law to stop smoking in enclosed public places came into force. The authors say there is growing evidence that many people are opting for smoke-free homes as well. Asthma UK says the findings are "encouraging".” With these numbers more homes would be determined for smoke free homes, which reduces the negative externality smoking produces....
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...Trader Joe’s Market should consider implementing a new corporate social responsibility (CSR) program for employees and the general public because of various health problems affecting many residents of the Washington, DC area specifically food allergies and asthma among children. Such a program will responds a regional health issue, be a low cost for Trader Joe’s Market, and provide positive exposure within the local area. The anticipated CSR program is about offering free classes a genetically modified organism. A genetically modified organism (GMO) is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. The labeling of GMO products is necessary to keep our customers loyalty and trust, which is indicated in our mission statement. If customers learn that Trader Joe’s Market products contain GMOs, they would likely lose faith to buy “natural” products. The Monsanto GM corn, the largest producer of GM seeds, which is a featured ingredient in many Trader Joe’s “natural” products, also represents a low cost product for the production labeling process. The following analysis and research shows how such a program could be structured. Through market research and analysis, it has been discovered that Trader Joe’s sells a surprising amount of the same Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) contained processed foods that one can buy elsewhere. Understanding the importance of labeling GMO products, CSR can be more than a cost; it can be a course of opportunity...
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...only are the cigarette butts ugly to look at, they also adversely affect wildlife. Cigarette filters are made to trap the carcinogenic agents in the tobacco and when they are thrown on the ground, those substances make their way into aquatic ecosystems which could be a threat to the quality of water. Also, there have been cigarette butts found in the stomachs of fish and birds because they think that they are food (Register). Another way this could affect the environment is that cigarette butts can cause fires. All cigarette butts thrown onto dry land, such as leaves, are a potential fire. In fact, as many as 1,200 grass and bushfires each year are attributed to cigarettes (Lai). There are also economic problems that come with smoking in public. In this...
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...Breast is Best Marisa C. Marcell Our Lady of the Lake College Electing to breastfeed or formula feed your infant is one of the primary choices expectant parents will make. This choice is predominantly constituted based upon the mother’s comfort level, her lifestyle, and whether she may face any medical condition(s) that may hinder her ability to nurse; however, there are also an extensive amount of mothers who derive their preference based upon what medical literature, healthcare providers, and public health campaigns claim is most beneficial for their child. By tradition, medical literature, healthcare providers, and public health campaigns such as the American Association of Pediatrics (AAP), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), and the World Health Organization (WHO), have represented the “benefits of breastfeeding,” comparing the health outcomes amongst babies who imbibe their mother’s breast milk against babies who imbibe formula milk. Breastfeeding supplies infants with ideal nourishment. Hormann proves this in her article when she states that, “Human milk is not only the ‘best’ but the only species- specific nutrition for human infants” (p. 352). Breast milk is often considered to be the “perfect food” for their digestive system. The lactose, protein (whey and casein), and fat in the milk are digested by a baby’s immature system without any difficulty. Breastfed infants struggle less with digestion than do formula-fed infants, causing the breast-fed infants...
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...The impact of health and health behaviours on educational outcomes in high-income countries: a review of the evidence Marc Suhrcke, School of Medicine, Health Policy and Practice, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom Carmen de Paz Nieves, Fundación Ideas, Madrid, Spain ISBN 978 92 890 0220 2 Keywords HEALTH BEHAVIOR - HEALTH STATUS - EDUCATIONAL STATUS - RISK FACTORS - SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS - REVIEW LITERATURE Suggested citation Suhrcke M, de Paz Nieves C (2011). The impact of health and health behaviours on educational outcomes in highincome countries: a review of the evidence. Copenhagen, WHO Regional Office for Europe. Address requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe Scherfigsvej 8 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office web site (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). © World Health Organization 2011 All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning...
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...risk for disaster. This fire has already burned numerous acres and is on the fifth day of burning (The Neighborhood News, n.d.). The air in the community is now thick with pollutants and smoke which is affecting many individual’s respiratory track. The Neighborhood News, a local newspaper, recommends individuals remain indoors until conditions improve in the community (Neighborhood News, n.d.). The paper also states community members will be given notice if the burn pattern of the fire changes with the winds (Neighborhood News, n.d.). Community emergency preparedness is essential for dynamic responses in life threatening situations. One the front line of defense is the public health department for community disasters (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008). “The Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 addressed the need to enhance public health and health care readiness and community health care infrastructures” (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008, p. 461). Public health departments throughout the United States are receiving federal funding to efficiently prepare and respond to public health emergencies (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008). The planning and implementing of a disaster/emergency plan encompasses a variety of sponsors. This includes public health...
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...Agatha School. It was a small school in Milton with about 20-40 students per grade. From my understanding at that age my class was diverse but I had not been exposed to a class of more than 40 students. My school was racially diverse but not very ethnically diverse. I did not have a proper understanding for diversity until I reached high school. This was my first exposure to public school. It was in Milton which is still not the most diverse place, but it was certainly different than my tiny Catholic school. At Milton High School, I was introduced to types of diversity I had not seen at St. Agatha School. I got to see a wider range of ethnic diversity with all the different cultures. There were programs for students with disabilities which was not in the budget at St. Agatha. By high school, I had a motley crew of friends. My group of friends was diverse in terms of race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, and socioeconomic...
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...Social Capital and Work Performance of Doctors AIR POLLUTION IN KARACHI ITS CAUSES AND EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH Prof. Dr. Gheyas Uddin Siddique* Dr. Muhammad Nadeem-ullah** ABSTRACT Air Pollution is one of the main problems of urban area of our society. Air pollution occurs when so many contaminants are released by the industries and motor vehicles. Karachi is one of the top 10 cities of the world which has the highest level of pollutants packed into the air. Air pollution is affecting the health of common men. People often suffer in respiratory diseases like asthma, lungs diseases and cancer etc. It has become a serious health hazard for Karachiites. In the present research paper, the researcher has tried to explore causes of air pollution and its effects on human health. It has been observed that the number of private vehicles is increasing day-by-day due to lack of good public transport facilities. The roads are not broad enough to allow this big number of vehicles run comfortably. In near future there is no hope for extension of roads so on the basis of findings some recommendations are made, and by implementations of those the effects of air pollution can be minimized. But sincerity and commitment is required for it. Key Words: Air Pollution, Vehicles, Health, Karachi Introduction We know that the health of a common person of urban areas, particularly of Karachi is not satisfactory. Due to one or other reason 95% people are suffering various diseases. Apart from...
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...Smoke………………………………………………………………… B. Sidestream Smoke…………………………………………………………………. C. Thirdhand Smoke………………………………………………………………….. V. EFFECTS OF SECONDHAND SMOKE……………………………………………. A. Cancers…………………………………………………………………………… 1. LungCancer………………………………………………………………….. 2. Breast Cancer ……………………………………………………………….. B. Effects in Cardiovascular System………………………………………………… 1. Coronary Heart Disease……………………………………………………… 2. Stroke…………………………………………………………………………. 3. Other Heart Disease………………………………………………………….. C. Effects in Respiratory System…………………………………………………….. 1. Asthma………………………………………………………………………... 2. Irritation of Respiratory Tract………………………………………………… D. Effects in Neurological System……………………………………………………. 1. Dementia………………………………………………………………………. E. Effects During Pregnancy…………………………………………………………. F. Effects to Children…………………………………………………………………. 1. Respiratory Health…………………………………………………………….. 2. Middle Ear Disease……………………………………………………………. 3. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)………………………………………… VI. PREVENTING THE DANGERS OF SECONDHAND SMOKE……………………………. A. Use of Electronic Cigarette……………………………………………………………….. B. Production of Smoking Cessation Aids………………………………………………….. C. Total Smoking...
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...Chronic Pain What are the risk factors for low back injury? Physical and family risk factors • Being middle-aged or older • Being male • Having a family history of back pain • Having had a back injury before • Being pregnant. A woman's back is significantly stressed by carrying a baby. • Having had compression fractures of the spine • Having had back surgery before • Having spine problems since birth Risk factors you can change with lifestyle changes • Not getting regular exercise • Doing a job or other activity that requires long periods of sitting, heavy lifting, bending or twisting, repetitive motions, or constant vibration, such as using a jackhammer or driving certain types of heavy equipment • Smoking. People who smoke are more likely than people who don't smoke to have low back pain. • Being overweight. Excess body weight, especially around the waist, may put strain on your back, although this has not been proved. But being overweight often also means being in poor physical condition, with weaker muscles and less flexibility. These can lead to low back pain. • Having poor posture. Slumping or slouching on its own may not cause low back pain. But after the back has been strained or injured, bad posture can make pain worse. "Good posture" generally means your ears, shoulders, and hips are in a straight line. If this posture causes pain, you may have another condition such as a problem with a disc or bones in your back. • Being under stress. Stress and other...
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...Global and Public Health Nur/408 Community Emergency Preparedness and Response Paper It is undeniable that being properly prepared and ready for any type of emergencies, could make a big and importance difference not only individually but also in our communities. In the following paper, I will be discussing the importance of community emergency preparedness and response. As mentioned by the California Department of Public Health, Caring for ourselves and our family members; our neighbors, employees and co-workers; those with special health needs in our communities – all are essential for Californians to emerge from a crises in as good health as possible ("California Department of Public Health", 2011). Additionally, this could, and should also be taken into consideration when it comes to any other city, region, state, and/or country. We all face different challenges in life every day, but being prepared and making the right decisions could make an enormous difference, especially when it comes to emergencies and disasters. Sadly, many of us think that “this” is not going to happen to us, or it is not going to happen “yet”. Therefore, many people are not properly prepared for any emergent even or disaster. We, as nurses, play an important role, not only in educating and preparing people, but also in responding when disasters happen. Nurses’ experience and skills are useful and definitely very needed in times of emergencies. Over the past 100 years, public health nurses have...
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...Value/Belief Pattern • Predominant ethnic and cultural groups along with beliefs related to health. • Predominant spiritual beliefs in the community that may influence health. • Availability of spiritual resources within or near the community (churches/chapels, synagogues, chaplains, Bible studies, sacraments, self-help groups, support groups, etc.). • Do the community members value health promotion measures? What is the evidence that they do or do not (e.g., involvement in education, fundraising events, etc.)? • What does the community value? How is this evident? • On what do the community members spend their money? Are funds adequate? Health Perception/Management • Predominant health problems: Compare at least one health problem to a credible statistic (CDC, county, or state). • Immunization rates (age appropriate). • Appropriate death rates and causes, if applicable. • Prevention programs (dental, fire, fitness, safety, etc.): Does the community think these are sufficient? • Available health professionals, health resources within the community, and usage. • Common referrals to outside agencies. Nutrition/Metabolic • Indicators of nutrient deficiencies. • Obesity rates or percentages: Compare to CDC statistics. • Affordability of food/available discounts or food programs and usage (e.g., WIC, food boxes, soup kitchens, meals-on-wheels, food stamps, senior discounts, employee discounts, etc.)...
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...or more well known as PM10. Fine particulate matter is one of the key global pollutants affecting human health such as lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases and other related diseases. This portable air monitoring devices are developed in order to help the public monitor their air quality. This device is low-cost in term of device and components also it is easy to use. Generally, this device detects PM when the particles enter the sensor box and the infrared light beam is used to sense point at the center. When the particle passed through the sensing point, the light receptor detects the scattered light. This sensor is interfaced with the Arduino Mega to show the output measured by the sensor. The amount of particle and the level of air quality conditions were...
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...as Laos. The Hongsa district, Laos, has sufficient reserves of lignite to generate enough electricity for both countries and thus, since 2010, has attracted investor from both Thai private sector and the Laotian government. Hence, this is the beginning of Hongsa power plant project. Although the plant would generate many economic advantages to the people of Laos, this does not occur without criticism. Some pointed out that the large amount of coal’s burning will cause a serious detrimental effect on the local and global environment as well as creating long-term health problems for local. Therefore, there have been some suggestions, from environmental groups who concerned with the launch of this project in 2015 that should consider consequences of the action and initiate more environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives of generating electricity. This essay indicates both positive and negative of the Hongsa power plant. The first section illustrates the benefits of the power plant project on economic growth and social aspects. Afterward, the second section explains the drawbacks on environment and health states and the final section...
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