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Dry Clean Xpress

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DRY CLEAN EXPRESS: EL CASO DEL CLIENTE INSATISFECHO

Por: Alexander Chernev/Kellog School of Management 2006

El Sr. Turner, presidente de una cadena de tintorerías con más de 400 locales, acababa de leer un memorando de uno de los gerentes de tienda. El memorando describía un problema que ocurrió en el mes anterior. Un cliente llevó un traje para el servicio de lavado en seco y se le prometió que estaría listo el día siguiente para que pudiera usarlo en su trabajo.

Cuando regresó el cliente al día siguiente el personal de local no pudo encontrar el traje. Aparentemente el traje del cliente había sido mal etiquetado y fue recogido por otro cliente que no se dio cuenta del error sino hasta dos semanas después. Mientras tanto, el gerente del local no quiso hacerle un reembolso al cliente, con la esperanza de que el traje perdido apareciera eventualmente.

El punto de vista del cliente se detalló en una carta dirigida a la Dirección General de la tintorería Dry Clean Express, en donde se describían el incidente. El cliente argumentó que la tintorería era responsable del costo del reemplazo del traje por aproximadamente $300 dólares, así como un reembolso de $20 dólares por el servicio de limpieza del traje que se perdió y que el necesitaba para ir a trabajar. En particular, el cliente decía que la tintorería debía cumplir con el “Servicio de entrega el mismo día” y la promesa de “Satisfacción garantizada” que se indicaba en varios letreros dentro de la tintorería.

El cliente estaba particularmente molesto con el Gerente de la Tintorería Dry Clean Express, quién nunca le contestó las múltiples llamadas telefónicas para preguntar sobre el traje perdido. De hecho, lo que motivó al cliente a escribirle a la Dirección General de la Cadena de Tintorerías Dry Clean Express fue la interpretación de la promesa “Satisfacción Garantizada” por parte del Gerente de la Tintorería Dry Clean Express, quién argumentaba que esto se refería más bien a la satisfacción de la Tintorería más que del cliente, lo que se garantiza en la resolución de los problemas.

La carta del cliente además indicaba que se había cambiado a otra tintorería más barata, pero que estaría dispuesto a regresar por la ubicación y los horarios de Dry Clean Express. Para regresar, el cliente esperaba el reembolso del traje que tuvo que comprar para reemplazar al traje que tardo varias semanas en aparecer, un reembolso del costo del servicio y una disculpa del Gerente de la Tintorería.

En su memorandum, el Gerente de la Tintorería argumentaba que la empresa no debía de reembolsarle el costo del nuevo traje, ya que finalmente se le entregó limpio al cliente. También indicó que no valía la pena tratar de retener al cliente ya que una persona así probablemente continuaría a disgusto con el servicio de todas maneras. Además puntualizó que había invertido por lo menos un día de trabajo en tratar con el cliente por el problema y que retener al cliente no era una idea con un buen costo/beneficio para la empresa.

El Gerente de la Tintorería apuntó que en el reverso del recibo que se entrega a la clientela se enlistan las políticas, condiciones, exclusiones y limitaciones en relación a las promesas de “Satisfacción Garantizada” y “Servicio de entrega el mismo día”. Sugería, sin embargo, que para evitar futuros incidentes de este tipo, valdría la pena incluía una frase en la cara frontal del recibo que indicara que las limitantes aparecía en el reverso, y que dichas limitantes se imprimieran en tinta negra y con letra grande, en lugar de tinta gris y letra pequeña.

Al leer el memorandum, el Sr. Turner podía ver los puntos de vista de ambas partes. Por un lado sentía que el cliente tenía razón el solicitar una compensación razonable por el inconveniente causado por la tintorería. Por otro lado, sentía que reembolsarle los $300 dólares por el traje que finalmente apareció, era excesivo. El Sr. Turner sentía que la tintorería debía considerar reembolsarle al cliente los $300 dólares con vales para futuras compras en la tintorería Dry Clean Express. De acuerdo al memorandum, el cliente gastaba aproximadamente $25 dólares a la semana en la tintorería por lo que seguramente vería el valor de recibir los vales y regresaría a Dry Clean Express. Considerando que el margen de utilidad de Dry Clean Express era de un promedio de 20%, parecía una situación ganar-ganar para el cliente y la empresa. De hecho, el Sr. Turner pensaba que el usar los vales para los servicios de lavado en seco para resolver las quejas de los clientes era una buena política de negocio que podría ser implementada en todas las tiendas Dry Clean Express.

El Sr. Turner también consideraba la propuesta del Gerente en cuanto a las políticas de “Servicio de Entrega el mismo día” y “Satisfacción Garantizada” para que fueran más transparentes para la clientela, debiendo de resaltar en el recibo. La propuesta parecía tener sus méritos ya que era factible que se evitaran futuros problemas de comunicación como el caso que se tenía en ese momento.

En cuanto al comportamiento del Gerente de la tintorería, el Sr. Turner no estaba muy seguro de cómo proceder. Podía ver los argumentos para premiarlo, sancionarlo e inclusive despedirlo.

CUESTIONAMIENTOS

¿Tiene razón el cliente?

¿Tiene razón el Gerente?

¿Cuáles son los posibles efectos de la decisión en el posicionamiento/imagen de la empresa?

¿Se está atacando el problema realmente?

¿Qué hay de la actitud del gerente?

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