...the turn of the 14th century. The Renaissance as we call this movement changed the society and culture of Europe. The replacement of medieval ideas with the birth of modern principles changed the whole landscape of Europe and even the world as these ideas would gradually spread to other parts of the globe. It was particularly the Italian Renaissance which instigated these changes. It was when handful of humanists sparked off of what would be the one of the most remarkable revolutions. The Catholic Church started to shift away from being the center of the universe and began to be replaced by ideals such as secularism and individualism; a concept unheard of over the last 1000 years. This Renaissance movement were fueled by the people of Florence more so than any other nation. It was Florence which was the center of Renaissance and where it started off. With the discovery of ancient Roman and Greek manuscripts and art, the prosperous city of Florence soon became a mecca of culture and great achievements. It was in early stages of the Renaissance when the son of a goldsmith, Sandro Botticelli created his most famous works; Primavera and The Birth of Venus. After his death, Botticelli’s masterpieces and his artworks’ importance were obscured and underestimated for nearly 400 years before scholars grasped the importance of his work; primarily Primavera and The Birth of Venus and how it played a vital role in the Renaissance movement. Sandro Botticelli in the courts of the Medici created...
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...Spring) Botticelli Circa 1482 Background of Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510) and his artwork Alessandro de Mariano di Vanni Filipepi, also is known as Sandro Botticelli. He was born in 1445, Florence, Italy and he was one of the Italian painters during Early Renaissance. In 1460, he learned painting from the Renaissance painter, namely as Fra Filippo Lippi. Botticelli was a talented painter and he was able to open a workshop at the age of 15. “Birth of Venus” and “Primavera,” both of that were his earliest artwork. The “Birth of Venus,” is the first mythological painting created by Botticelli and it has display as the Goddess Venus that explains her birth. Moreover, the “Primavera” the largest mythological work and it has a humanistic nature and translating the life-renewing cultural to society. The inspiration of the “La Primavera,” is from the influence of Gothic realism by Botticelli's study of the antique. During the World War Two, “Primavera” was moved to Montegufoni Castle. It was returned to the Uffizi Gallery where it remains to the present day. The painting being restored in 1982 and had darkened with time's cruel passage. Who is the target audience? Primavera, known as “Allegory of Spring,” is the greatest works at the Uffizi Museum in Florence, Italy. The origin of the painting is unclear, but we can detect the Primavera’s target audience by knowing the history of painting. The powerful families such as Medici family gave the funding of Patrons to artist such as...
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...The Renaissance: Artists and Concepts The Italian Renaissance occurred from 1330 to 1550 on the heels of the Middle Ages in Italy and is described as one of the most influential times in art history. It brought about new ideas about art, science, and government. Feudalism which had been fiercely popular during the Middle Ages was beginning to trickle out of popularity while concepts such as humanism and Neo-Platonism started taking hold. The Renaissance is divided into the Early Renaissance which lasted from 1330 to 1450 and the High Renaissance which continued from 1450 to 1550. Many legendary artists such as Leonardo Da Vinci and Botticelli acquired their claim to fame during this time period. The Early Renaissance which began in 1330 introduced the concepts of Neo-Platonism and humanism. Neo-Platonism sought to reconcile humanism with Christianity, to blend the teachings of Plato and other ancient philosophers with the teachings of the Church. Humanism strove to portray lifelike human forms with correct proportions and realistic clothing and expressions. Artists developed new techniques to give paintings a more three-dimensional, life-like quality, and commonly studied human and animal anatomy in efforts to better understand their subjects. Sandro Botticelli is probably the best known and most influential painter from the Early Renaissance, although his works remained relatively unknown until several centuries later. The concept of Neo-Platonism and humanism can both...
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...interviewing the following panel of two famous artists from the Renaissance period. First, I will interview Mr. Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi who goes by the name Sandro Botticelli. After Mr. Botticelli, I will interview Mr. Donato di Betto Bardi who goes by the name Donatello. I chose you two as my subjects because both of you are from Florence, Italy, which is the home to the largest collection of Renaissance art and architecture in the world. I appreciate you taking the time out of your busy schedules to join me. I must say Florence is a beautiful country. I would like to start with you Mr. Botticelli, so let us begin. Cortni: Your works appear to be limited to family and religious figures. What do you believe is your greatest motivation for these types of pieces? Botticelli: “I have very strong family values and come from a nuclear family. Our values are directly tied to our belief system. For me, family is a religious obligation and I feel my works will keep them alive with the hope that others are influenced in the same manner. Of course, I started as a young painter but as matured I became influenced by the religious preacher, Savonarola, and painted works on religious subjects done in a very religious and expressionistic style, for example, my work I call the Magic Nativity. Have you seen it?” Cortni: Yes, I have actually. It is quite the art work, Sandro. Cortni: When did you first discover you had a talent? Botticelli: “I first discovered my talent when...
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...Original name ALESSANDRO DI MARIANO FILIPEPI (b. 1445, Florence [Italy]--d. May 17, 1510, Florence), Florentine early Renaissance painter whose Birth of Venus (c. 1485) and Primavera (1477-78) are often said to epitomize for modern viewers the spirit of the Renaissance. His ecclesiastical commissions included work for all the major churches of Florence and for the Sistine Chapel in Rome. His name is derived from his elder brother Giovanni, a pawnbroker, who was called Il Botticello ("The Little Barrel"). Although he was one of the most individual painters of the Italian Renaissance, Sandro Botticelli remained little known for centuries after his death. Then his work was rediscovered late in the 19th century by a group of artists in England known as the Pre-Raphaelites. Born Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi in Florence in 1445, Botticelli was apprenticed to a goldsmith. Later he was a pupil of the painter Fra Filippo Lippi. He spent all his life in Florence except for a visit to Rome in 1481-82. There he painted wall frescoes in the Sistine Chapel of the Vatican. In Florence, Botticelli was a protege of several members of the powerful Medici family. He painted portraits of the family and many religious pictures, including the famous The Adoration of the Magi. The most original of his paintings are those illustrating Greek and Roman legends. The best known are the two large panels Primavera and The Birth of Venus. The Adoration of the Magi 1470-75; Tempera on panel;...
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...Sandro Botticelli was one of the major Italian artists of the early Renaissance period in the 1400’s. Born in Florence, he was initially trained as a goldsmith before undertaking an apprenticeship under Italian artist, Fra Filippo Lippi. It is clear that Botticelli was influenced by Lippi for the rest of his life as ‘Filippesque characteristics are still found in his work of 1500’ (L.D. & Ettlinger 1976). By 1470 Botticelli had his own workshop and his pieces were already beginning to be characterised. His impression of fully formed figures would form the basis for his popular works as a Renaissance artist. Between 1478 and 1490 Botticelli created his most iconic mythological works, The Birth of Venus and Primavera. In the last years of his...
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...Renaissance: Linear Perspective Maurice Young ART/101 July 21, 2013 Sara Shreve Renaissance: Linear Perspective One of the major roles of the artist is to enable the viewer to see the world in a new and innovative way. This task was a major challenge for the Renaissance artist before the 14th century on account of the artist not having the eyes to see or the skills to introduce the world to linear perspective. Smarthistory (2013) states that linear perspective “creates an illusion of space from a single, fixed viewpoint. This suggests a renewed focus on the individual viewer, and we know that individualism is an important part of the Humanism of the Renaissance” (para. 3). Although beautiful and true to the style of the time, before the Early Renaissance period artist did not paint in three dimensional however, some artist did try to create illusions of space and depth to show the world realistically during the late 1300s unsuccessfully (Op-Art.co.uk, 2012). A list of Renaissance artists took full command of creating three-dimensional illusions on canvases and in their victory we see the world in a new and innovative way. [pic] Fig. 1 1486 Birth of Venus Botticelli Galleria degli Uffizi Sandro Botticelli (1445- 1510) was an Italian painter who studied under the direction Filippo Lippi who was a master painter during the Florentine Renaissance. Lippi taught Botticelli linear perspective along with a linear sense of form for...
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...Developing Europe into a powerhouse, the Renaissance marked complete cultural transition of Europe out of the Middle Ages and identified a societal change of values and ideas reflected in the art and literature of the time period; the “rebirth” in Southern Europe, however, differed from Northern Europe. As both the North and South had access to newly printed materials courtesy the printing press, they did share commonality of thought- both supplied predominant Christian artistic themes, had an artistic ‘center’, and provided systems of guilds and patrons. The Southern, or Italian, Renaissance began during the 14th century and “inevitably, trade and commerce brought Italian ideas northward, where they influenced the artistic traditions” beginning the 16th century Northern Renaissance (Benton and DiYanni 53). The South focused on a return to the concept of humanism and revival of idealist, classic Greek and Roman values, but the North focused on the common man and daily realities of life. Centered around Florence then later Rome, aided by the patronage of the Medici family in the Early Renaissance and Popes in the High Renaissance, and inspired by Greek and Roman mythology, the Southern Renaissance movement emphasized humans (their capacities, values and worth). Italian artists made the viewer delve into the inner working of the human mind and their subject matter primarily consisted of gods and goddesses displayed with symmetry, balance, and linear perspective. Known for his goddess...
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...The Renaissance was a period of time from the 14th to the 17th century. It was considered a time of rebirth. The reason it was considered as the rebirth was because it introduced many new artists/inventors. The renaissance period was the most eventful time period in european history. It started in Italy and spread throughout europe, making it the beginning of the early modern age. It wasn't just a time period of art. It was considered to be a beginning of a whole new future. The inventors during this period, presented bits and pieces of ideas for what people have today. The interesting fact about the whole renaissance period is that most of the artist had an extraordinary understanding of future inventions with little or no previous knowledge of modern technology and how it worked....
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...This paper will be focussing on the comparison between two paintings from the Renaissance period. The two paintings that will be discussed are The Birth of Venus by Sandro Boticelli and The Feast of the Gods by Giovanni Bellini. The comparison will be mainly based on the form of work that includes elements such as materials used, technique and colors, and also on the interpretations of the artwork. We will first look at Boticelli’s The Birth of Venus. It is probably considered to be Boticelli’s most famous piece of artwork. The painting is believed to have been produced between the periods of 1485-1486 (wikipaintings.org, 2013), making it from the Middle Ages Renaissance. He started the painting after being commissioned by the Medici family of Florence, Lorenzo di Pierfrencesco de Medici to be specific (Italian-renaissance-art.com, 2013). The painting portrays the birth of the goddess Venus, emerging from the sea as a fully grown women and being afloat on a seashell. The painting also shows a couple symbolizing the wing blowing her towards the shore. Venus is also seen to be greeted by a woman who seems to represent the spring. The painting is now displayed in Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy. The Feast of the Gods by Giovanni Bellini was Bellini’s last great painting (Kren & Marx, 2013). It is among the very few paintings that he worked on canvas. The Feast of the Gods was completed in 1514 (National Gallery of Art, 2013) after being commissioned by the Duke of Ferrara...
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...The studies of the humanists during the Renaissance gave artists of the times the freedom and the wisdom the express themselves with more intellect, clarity, personality and emotional understanding than had ever been seen before. Towards the middle of the 14th Century a new way of thinking was beginning to emerge and take a hold on society, A way which let people express themselves with a clarity unseen Since the fall of the Roman Empire and the dark days of the Middle Ages, a great time of reform and education was on the brink of exploding onto the scene. This was the beginning of what we now know as the Renaissance the ‘Rebirth’ and the new way of thinking would later be referred to as Humanism. The Renaissance was one of the great intellectual ages of European culture at its height during the 15th and 16th century there were many amazing new developments amongst many areas including painting, sculpture, architecture, literature, education medicine science including many more of mans intellectual and educated pursuits, the main center of this revolution was classical Italy although later spreading throughout Europe to infiltrate all facets of European culture The Renaissance saw creation of different attitudes towards life and different ways of thinking. After spending hundreds of years in the depths of the Middle ages a time when human progress and achievement slowed to a trickle, Western Civilization blurred and there was a great period of cultural decline, society...
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...Leonardo Da Vinci: Greatest Inventor of the Renaissance What do you think of when someone mentions the name Leonardo da Vinci? Most people automatically think of the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. Not many people go right to the fact that he was the original inventor of the airplane and tank. Not only did he invent these, but da Vinci invented many military machines that people overlook today. The Renaissance housed some of the greatest minds and talents the world has even seen, including Leonardo da Vinci. He has been called by many people the original “renaissance man” for his advancements in anatomy, art, physics, and military technology. He was an all around genius and scholar in all fields of study. Unfortunately many of his inventions were ahead of their time, and were left in many of his notebooks and sketches for future scientists to make advancements upon. Many of his ideas did not work because Leonardo lacked the resources and information, due to his era and the scarcity of technology, to make them work. The notebooks that he left behind give a glimpse into one of the most creative minds in history. Even though many of his inventions did not work because they were too far ahead of their time, Leonardo da Vinci should be considered one of the greatest inventors of the Italian Renaissance because he was the most sought after technician and engineer in Italy of the time, and he revolutionized military technology for the generations to follow. Leonardo was born in a...
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...Final Exam Gothic Architecture in France – the opening of the wall into windows; the use of the rib vault, the flying buttress, stained glass, and increased verticality. The way structure and aesthetics were thought to merge in geometry. The role of Abbot Suger in Saint Denis and the beginning of the Gothic style. The symbolism of light. Renaissance Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture – Re-birth of classical culture; the continued development of naturalistic techniques, especially perspective; the High Renaissance achievement of Leonardo da Vinci, followed by Michelangelo and Raphael. Baroque – A continuation of the Grand Manner; in Italy, a naturalism employed for dynamic effect often in support of Counter-Reformation aims, the same bombast is used in support of the French kings and, with more Calvinist sobriety, for the new rulers of Holland where realistic tendencies tended to outweigh the idealistic approaches of the Italians. Rococo a late outgrowth of Baroque. Neo-Classic Painting – In the work of David, an idealizing style associated with the French Revolution, a heroic art looking back to classical ideals and values, and Renaissance like stability and balance of composition. In the work of his followers a less political, even conservative style. Romantic Painting – In the work of Gericault and Delacroix, the use of loose expressive brushstroke, vigorous color and light, and sometimes controversial contemporary topics chosen in a spirit of the revival of leftist political...
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...Perceptions of Third Year Fine Arts Students In Far Eastern University on the Use Of Nude Models in Art In Partial Fulfillment of The Subject Requirements In English 8 (Technical Writing) Submitted to: Mr. Rogelio Ramos Guce English Department Institute of Arts and Sciences by Alimorong, Aislin Nika Alterado, Charles Caga-anan, Mark Nathaniel Elpedes, Jhune-Marx Nuñez, Domnilourd Pangilinan, Shem Salvador, Mikaela Valdez, Judah Yatco, Ma. Barbara FT0933 First Semester S.Y. 2011 - 2012 CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction In the early days, great masters like da Vinci, Michaelangelo and Botticelli had been using nude models as references in their artworks for religious purposes. Up until now, this idea is still being implemented by artists but it is now more about aesthetics. Nude art generally refers to the artists’ depiction of artistic elements of nudity instead of actually showing the naked form of humans. Different cultures react differently on the use of nude models in art. It is through the aesthetic view of nude art that most countries accept this kind of art (Changing Depictions of Art Nudes, 2011). Art schools including Far Eastern University also accept the use of nude models in art such as paintings, sculpture, photography, and the like. In the curriculum of the Fine Arts Department, there are subjects like Anatomy, Life Drawing and Life Painting wherein nude models are used as references in...
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...HUMANITIES 1 (RESEARCH PAPER) HISTORY OF PAINTINGS AND ARTISTS IN THE WORLD ADRIAN M SITCHON PROF. PEREZ 4TH YEAR/BS.HRM/NS (SUBMITTED BY) TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION HISTORY BODY * EASTERN PAINTING * WESTERN PAINTING * 20th-CENTURY MODERN * AND CONTEMPORARY DEFINITION OF TERMS * FAMOUS PAINTERS * AND BIOGRAPHY * Paintings of famous painters CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATION REFERENCE INTRODUCTION: Painting can be done in a variety of media. For example, Oils, Watercolour, Acrylics, Gouache and Tempera. Paints are made from a pigment, and a binder. Binder is relatively cheap, while pigment is much more expensive. Pigments are a colored powder, made from organic or inorganic materials. (This is different than a colorant, which dyes or stains a color.) All paints use the same basic pigments, but the binder changes. The binder for acrylics dries quickly and the paint is more like a plastic than oils which have an oil based binder and dry slowly. Oil Paints are often built up in layers or glazes. The other paints---Watercolour, Acrylics, Gouache, and Tempera---are water-based, meaning the paint can be diluted with water and clean-up can be done with soap and water. Oil paints, on the other hand, require paint thinner to clean brushes. The number and variety of painting techniques is endless. Besides quality of paint, factors affecting color quality include: paint opacity, glossiness of painting surface...
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