...Empire also is a Muslim country so the population was mainly Muslim. The Ottoman Empire was disbanded in 1923 because of a revolution casting the Ottoman Empire to turn into a new nation called Turkey. The Byzantine empire was founded in 330 AD by Constantine the first. It spread religion to the Slavic cultures creating the Slavic Orthodox church and they also influenced the Cyrillic alphabet. The Byzantine empire is mainly Christian because it is a Christian state. In 1453 The Ottoman empire stormed into Constantinople and emperor Constantine XI died in battle causing the empire to collapse. No new nation was made after the byzantine empire fell. Now we will see how the Ottoman Empire could have lost the battle. The Ottoman Empire could have had a political collapse because they spent all their money on war equipment. Since nobody in the Ottoman Empire had money the strategic commanders were rushing to win the battle causing them to make rash decisions. Since they had poor command structure and lack of funds they had bad supply lines making it easier for the byzantine empire to acquire their equipment. The Byzantines used there stolen supplies to fund mercenaries on the east flank of the Ottoman Empire pushing their forces inward and basically choking their forces. After a long battle the Ottoman Empire was defeated and pushed far out of Europe. If This Happened we would see a lot of world war one not happening because of the Ottomans involvement. The Balkan region...
Words: 1045 - Pages: 5
...The Rise and Spread of Islam •The Post Classical Period: Faith and Commerce - Spread of major world religions o Budhism o Christianity o Islam 1. Spread through preaching, trade routes - Development of Systematic o Boat trade 2. Indian Trade spread disease, religion, ideas - Three Big Ideas o Trans-regional communication and exchange networks o Forms of state organize. Diversify o All societies increased productive capacity • Pre-Islamic Arabia - Bedoin culture based on Kin/clan/tribal networks o Survival dependent on loyalty to clan o Magnified by harsh environment - Shayks- clan/tribal leaders o Conflict was frequent o Society was fragmented - Fierce inter clan rivalries and struggles for resources o Emphasis on revenge, “male honor” - Towns and long distance trade----Mecca and Medina o Medina (Yathrib) (established on oasis) o Mecca more important – Umayyad (ruling clan) – Quraysh; (Ka’ba) - Status of women varied by clan o More respect vs. less respect - Little art/architechture (no big civs) o Focus on poetry 1. Gives glimpse into daily life - Bedovin religions- blend of animism and polytheism o Animism- nature worship - The life of Myhammad and Genesis of Islam o Born around 570 CE – Merchant, married Khadijah ...
Words: 1390 - Pages: 6
...economical, and cultural communication, creating new interest and importance in its study. Russian is taught in more than 100 countries of the world. The government of Russia takes great care in popularizing the Russian language. Latin is included from the many varieties of languages and well known to the continent as the most popular language in the EU which is discussed later on in this essay. The history of a language is nothing less than the history of a culture. Although we cannot use Latin today as extensively as in past centuries, it still helps us understand better meaning of legal concepts and use the terminology adequately. Europe Language: Russian The Russian language is one of the many languages that exist in the European economy that has influenced many of the EU citizens to speak such language that has originated since the 14th century ancestors of the modern Russians. The ancestors liked to call themselves ruskiye spoken dialects of the old East Slavic language, related to the dialects of other East Slavs. During the 14th century this spoken tongue and literary language operated throughout Kievan Rus. The earliest written record of the language, an amphora found at Gnezdovo dating from the mid-10th century. This “old” language has connected each language to one another as it evolves in each period of existence with the rest of the nation. With Russian state establishment of the official language there came the need to develop...
Words: 872 - Pages: 4
...reptile. In antiquity, dragons were mostly envisaged as serpents, but since the Middle Ages, it has become common to depict them with legs, resembling a lizard. Dragons are usually shown in modern times with a body like a huge lizard, or a snake with two pairs of lizard-type legs, and able to emit fire from their mouths. The European dragon has bat-like wings growing from its back. A dragon-like creature with wings but only a single pair of legs is known as a wyvern. Comparative mythology Further information: Chaoskampf, Sea serpent, Proto-Indo-European religion § Dragon or Serpent and Serpent (Bible) The association of the serpent with a monstrous opponent overcome by a heroic deity has its roots in the mythology of the Ancient Near East, including Canaanite (Hebrew, Ugaritic), Hittite and Mesopotamian. Humbaba, the fire-breathing dragon-fanged beast first described in the Epic of Gilgamesh is sometimes described as a dragon with Gilgamesh playing the part of dragon-slayer. The legless serpent (Chaoskampf) motif entered Greek mythology and ultimately Christian mythology, although the serpent motif may already be part of prehistoric Indo-European mythology as well, based on comparative evidence of Indic and Germanic material. Saint George Killing the Dragon, 1434/35, by Martorell Although dragons occur in many legends around the world, different...
Words: 3544 - Pages: 15
...University of West Florida lgoel@uwf.edu Abstract. The notion of a clash of civilizations has gained notoriety since the terrorist attack on WTC on 9/11/2001. Professor Samuel P. Huntington has popularized the view that the coming global conflict will be among major civilizations, not among different political ideologies. He identifies eight major civilizations: the Western (Europe and North America), Slavic (Russia and Eastern Europe), Islamic, Confucian, Hindu, Japanese, Latin American, and the African. Of particular focus in the present paper is the threat to civilization from radical Islam. Three factors that foment radicalism are described: the Islamic theology of exclusiveness, the nostalgic memory of a Muslim empire that lasted nearly 1,000 years, and the consequences of oil boom in the Middle East. Population estimates for different civilizations are provided at the end. Introduction The theory of a clash of civilizations has been with us for some time. British historian Arnold Toynbee used the term in a series of lectures he delivered in 1953. The Middle East specialist Bernard Lewis wrote in 1990 that the Muslim rage against the West is “no less than a clash of civilizations” (Lewis, 1990, p 60). Samuel P. Huntington, a Harvard University political science professor, has given new currency to the notion of a clash of civilizations. His 1993 article in Foreign Affairs has gained global audience. A few years ago, I lectured to a political science class at Pondicherry...
Words: 3926 - Pages: 16
... Introduction Ukraine is in Eastern Europe, and borders Russia to the east, Poland, Hungary and Slovakia to the west, Moldova and Romania to the Southwest, and Black and Azov Sea in the south. It covers an area of an approximated 603, 628 km sq, thus making it the second largest European country, after Russia. Ukraine became an independent State in 1991, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union had depressed the Ukraine economy, although after its dissolution, the economy of Ukraine has shown a positive trend of increase in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)[1] .Ukraine is a united state, with 24 states, Crimea, and 2 large cities: Sevastopol and Kiev. Language The official Ukraine language is Ukrainian. This is an East Slavic language, which is a native language among 67.5 % of the population in Ukraine. Russian is used by about 29.5 % of the population in Ukraine. The rest of the people speak other native languages. Ukraine uses the Slavic language, which is written as Cyrillic script. Current Ukraine languages include Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, Romanian, German, Hungarian, Armenian, Crimean, Tatar, Greek, and Georgian. There are other minority languages used in Ukraine. Culture The word Ukraine refers to a borderland, and in the context of this paper, it explains why Ukraine has a diverse culture. The culture of Ukraine has been greatly affected by constant invasions and occupations by different people...
Words: 1348 - Pages: 6
...Giacomo Volo ENF 3 10/9/2015 How The Polish Affected America Culture is what made the US such a diverse place, it is called a melting pot since its made up of many different types of ethnicity’s. This dates back to about the 1600s to the 19th century, from when the pilgrims first discovered the land to immigrants seeking new hope for a better future. Even though they were all different ethnicity's they all had the same hope coming to the new world, like religious freedom from the king, too better jobs and the hope for a new start for many families. Their were many types of people that came to the new land like Germans, Italians, Irish, Chinese. When talking about different ethnicity's or races they all had to go through something to when they...
Words: 1074 - Pages: 5
...CHAPTER 3: BRIEF PROFILE OF POLAND Poland officially the Republic of Poland is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometer’s (120,726 sq. mi) making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the sixth most populous member of the European Union, and the most populous post-communist member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions. POLITICS * Poland is a democracy, with a president as a head of state, whose current constitution dates from 1997. Poland is one of the most stable and peaceful countries peaceful countries. The government structure centers on the Council of Ministers, led by a prime minister. * The Constitution of Poland is the supreme law in contemporary Poland, and the Polish legal system is based on the principle of civil rights, governed by the code of Civil Law. * Historically, the most famous Polish legal act is the Constitution of 3 May 1791. Historian Norman Davies describes it as the first of its kind in Europe. Foreign relations * In recent years, Poland has extended its responsibilities and position in European and international...
Words: 1072 - Pages: 5
...Samantha Fitzgerald HIST 110 Winter 2018 How Did Art Reflect the Byzantine Era? INTRO: Art reflects life. Art reflects society. Art reflects emotions. Whether a painting portrays a king, or a building reflects advancements within a society, all art communicates ideas and feelings. While looking at a piece of art, you look into the mind of the artist at that exact period in time. The artist has been influenced by a variety of beliefs, perceptions, and community, all leading up to the final product. During the Byzantine Empire, there was a drastic shift after the Byzantine had separated from, but was an extension of, the Roman Empire. Roman and Greek culture was prevalent in the Byzantine Empire, making this period unique on its own. The laws...
Words: 823 - Pages: 4
...establishing higher and lower orders, or types of humans. At the top, according to Hitler, is the Germanic man with his fair skin, blond hair and blue eyes. Hitler refers to this type of person as an Aryan. He asserts that the Aryan is the supreme form of human, or master race. And so it follows in Hitler's thinking, if there is a supreme form of human, then there must be others less than supreme, the Untermenschen, or racially inferior. Hitler assigns this position to Jews and the Slavic peoples, notably the Czechs, Poles, and Russians. "...it [Nazi philosophy] by no means believes in an equality of races, but along with their difference it recognizes their higher or lesser value and feels itself obligated to promote the victory of the better and stronger, and demand the subordination of the inferior and weaker in accordance with the eternal will that dominates this universe." - Hitler states in Mein Kampf. Hitler then states the Aryan is also culturally superior. "All the human culture, all the results of art, science, and technology that we see before us...
Words: 1033 - Pages: 5
...reasons behind how the voting went. The east side of Ukraine was largely in favor of Viktor Yanukovych, with his support dwindling as the pattern moves westward. (Figure 1) The west side of Ukraine was largely in favor of Viktor Yushchenko, with his support lessening as the pattern moves eastward. (Figure 2) Both patterns are particularly conspicuous, revealing geographical cultural differences across the nation. Over against some false explanations, these patterns can be properly explained by analyzing the ultimate and proximate causes of why people voted the way they did....
Words: 657 - Pages: 3
...The Balkans is a strategically important region of South Eastern Europe. It has been a source of conflict for hundreds of years because of its’ critical geopolitical significance. Not only it serves as a gateway between Europe and the Near East but is also a melting pot of different cultures; a place where East meets the West. In the period preceding the First World War, this region was undergoing dramatic changes that eventually went on to impact not just the rest of Europe but the entire world. These developments manifested in the form of the decline of the Ottoman Empire and the rise of Nationalism in the region. The political landscape was further transformed through Austria’s attempts to secure its imperial integrity and Russia’s evolving ideology of Pan-Slavism and territorial expansion. These developing trends threatened the sustainability of the centuries-old ‘Balance of Power’ in Europe and caused extreme tension and stress in the Balkan region. War seemed inevitable and only a ‘spark’ was required to set off the fuse.1 The dreaded stimulus was soon provided through the assassination of the Austrian Archduke, Franz Ferdinand, and his wife Sophie at Sarajevo in June 1914. The casus belli that the assassination presented Austria was too good to be missed. The prospects of an all-out war also aligned with Germans desire for establishing their military supremacy in the region. Hence they became actively engaged in the ensuing July Crisis and staunchly supported Austria....
Words: 3430 - Pages: 14
...Eric Dollopac Kievan Rus to Yuan Dynasty 10/16/13 Two civilizations which existed together for a short time were the Kievan Rus and the Yuan Dynasty. The Kievan Rus was the first East Slavic State to form on the East European plains. The state came to be from the invasion of the city Kiev. The city of Kiev, which became the capital of the Kievan Rus, was founded officially in 482 A.D. Eventually, Scandinavian warriors and merchants, known as Varangians, invaded the area around Kiev and the Kievan Rus rose to become a power in Eastern Europe, because it controlled the trade route from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea. The state developed a political system which the state used until its decline in the thirteenth century. The state also developed a unique society during its existence. The Yuan dynasty was the dynasty in China to arise after the fall of the Song Dynasty. The Yuan dynasty was founded after the defeat of the Northern and Southern Song dynasty from the Mongols, by the Mongols. Kublai Khan became the ruler of this dynasty, which only lasted for about 100 years. The dynasty, because it was not ruled by the Chinese, was governed differently from older dynasties. The empire also developed a unique blend of cultures. While both the Kievan Rus and the Yuan Dynasty were similar politically and socially, they were also unique from each other in political and social terms. (Curtis, Art 12, 13, 14) The Kievan Rus and the Yuan Dynasty both existed during a time when monarchs...
Words: 1477 - Pages: 6
...Text and Context in Russian Legislation With Specific Reference To The Russian Constitution Nigel J. Jamieson* ABSTRACT Law and politics have a closer inter-textual relationship in Russian jurisprudence than would be understood generally of any European legal system. The closeness of this inter-textual relationship can be partly explained by history, culture, and language, as also by dialectics, ideologies, and literature. Concepts of law, government, and the state, together with concepts of federalism, democracy, and the rule of law, can vary so markedly from their apparently translatable equivalents that, even when recognising the formal concept of a codified Constitution, the inter-textual relationship between the enacted law and politics remains so dynamic as to be impossible to tell which it is, of law or of politics, that is the text, and which the context. This inter-textual relationship remains so strongly and continuously dynamic at the level of public and international law that the customary division by which lawyers, and common lawyers especially, assume law to be the text and politics to be the context carries a critical risk. This paper identifies that risk in terms of law, literature, and logic, as well as in terms of history, politics, and dialectics. To focus solely on law as a specialism without any more syncretic and synergic account of the other contributing disciplines, is to make the textual tail of the law wag the contextual dogsbody...
Words: 20768 - Pages: 84
...“Clash not Culture” Cultural differences in a post-Cold War era will not empirically lead to more frequent and violent conflicts between civilizations, regardless of their relationship or proximity to each other. As proven through history, conflict is inevitable and today theorists continue to debate where and why the next war will occur. Our world is a mist a diverging global society with non-state actors competing for new world order. Many states are suffering great turmoil, while others are gaining economic strength and power. Although the world has reached a point that we are poised for conflict, there has actually been a decline in conflict among civilizations. Among those that are geographically positioned for a border dispute, there has been no significant increase in conflict. Many would argue that clashes between western civilizations and non-western civilizations should be at the top of the list, but this has not been the case either. Conflict and war has occurred since the beginning of man and has been recorded right along religious strife. Conflict occurs for several basic reasons including: an attempt to increase a standard of living, to prevent a decrease in a standard of living, greed-more power and territory, religious idealism, and corrupt governments. When developing an analysis to determine the next confrontation, there are several points that must be considered: relative power of non-state ...
Words: 879 - Pages: 4
