...Running Head: EATING DISORDERS 1 Eating Disorders Connie DePlonty Bay Mills Community College EATING DISORDERS 2 Abstract We have all heard the typical stereotypes of the “perfect body.” Who has a perfect body and what does it look like? Are all girls supposed to be tiny and twig-like, and are all guys supposed to have washboard abs? No, and if this were true, that is how we all would have been created. According to the NEDA website (2014) “everyone is different, and that is what makes people interesting, if everyone were the same then we would have no individuality." It is important that the message of being your own person, to embrace your individualism and love who you are gets to young adults and teenagers. When the message does not get across there are serious consequences such as the development of eating disorders. This paper will review the types of eating disorders, history of the disorders, how they may be diagnosed, signs and symptoms and possible treatment options. EATING DISORDERS 3 “Eating disorders are psychological problems marked by an obsession with food and weight. There are four general categories of eating disorders these are; Anorexia nervosa, Binge eating, Bulimia nervosa and a category called (EDNOS) eating disorders not otherwise specified” (Eating disorders - In Depth...
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...The Globalization of Eating Disorders Before the 20th century, scientist thought that the malnutrition problems would only happened in the developing nations from the starvations. However, the malnutrition problems surprisingly appeareces in the new millennium in both developing and developed countries due to eating disorders and body image disturbances. Many researchers assume that the eating disorders in the modern society include psychological troubles such as self-critical thoughts and emotions, which lead individuals to a pessimistic mood. From the mentioned points above, I believe that western culture leads women’s eating disorders through media and personal relationships with westerners. I found specific researchers and their studies to support and explain my possition: a essay, entitled “The Globalization of Eating Disorders” written by Susan Bordo from Gilbert H. Muller’s book The New Worlds Reader, an research article published in the magazine International Journal Of Eating Disorders entitled “Boday Image and Eating Disturbance Among South Asian-American Women: The Role of Racial Teasing”, by Dana Sahi Iyer and Nick Haslam, and the seventh chapter, entitled “Sociocultural Influences: The Impact of Western Culture on Eating and Body Image Disturbances”, of the book Too Fat or Too Thin: A Reference Guide to Eating Diorders by Cynthia R Kalodner. During reading three resources, I come up with question how western culture impacts eating disorders due to the standards...
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...The Psychology of Eating Disorders Does the saying “beauty is in the eye of the beholder” stand to be true? For some the answer to this question would be yes. But, to the many health aid companies who advertise in popular teen magazines, commercials, movies, and television shows the answer might be different. The companies that sell “health aide/beauty products” have made a science of understanding the most effective way to advertise and market their products. They spend hundreds of millions of dollars per year targeting specific age groups and races to make sure that their voice and opinions on the best way to attain those “movie star looks” are heard. However, in my opinion, this mass advertising crosses the line when every magazine in a newsstand promotes unhealthy body images and ways to lose weight. Young woman, who are not wise enough to know that everything they read or see is not always true, can take many of the promises that such health/beauty aids promotes to a whole new level. What these girls/young women fail to understand is that there are sellers of products, who in some cases are more concerned with their profits than the health and well-being of the consumer buying their products, . A large portion of the female population has felt the pressure to look or act a certain way at some point in her life. The real problem is how these girls deal with that pressure. More often than not, they will resort to doing extreme things to their bodies. Actions that...
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...school counseling, hypnotherapy, play therapy, music therapy, art therapy, drama therapy, dance/movement therapy, occupational therapy, psychiatric nursing and psychoanalysis. Most forms of psychotherapy use spoken conversation. Some also use various other forms of communication such as the written word, artwork, drama, narrative story or music. Psychotherapy with children and their parents often involves play, dramatization (i.e. role-play), and drawing. Psychotherapy occurs within a structured encounter between a trained therapist and client(s). Purposeful, theoretically based psychotherapy began in the 19th century with psychoanalysis; since then, scores of other approaches have been developed and continue to be created. Psychoanalysis was perhaps the first specific school of psychotherapy, developed by Sigmund Freud and others through the early 20th century. Trained as a neurologist, Freud began focusing on problems that appeared to have no discernible organic basis, and theorized that they had psychological causes originating in childhood experiences and the unconscious mind. Techniques such as dream interpretation, free association, transference and analysis of the id,...
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...weight.” I believe dieting should receive more attention since I hear a lot of people going on the outrageous fad diets and then later hear them complaining about how they gained all the weight back and then some. Then there are those ‘fad diets’ which scare me, as do the dieting pills. I mean they can be helpful for some, but losing weight really quickly cannot be healthy for anyone. I believe that healthy eating and exercising are the best way to stay healthy. There are endless amounts of diets that we may choose from. Some of the most popular diets are the Atkins Diet, Mediterranean, Vegan, Weight Watchers, Raw Food, and the list goes on. The food choices people make isn’t only about filling up, it can also be an expression of who we are, when we are, and sometimes what we value in a sense. The expression, “You are what you eat” now takes on another meaning in this world of carnivores, herbivores, fat free fanatics, raw food, and junk food junkies. In today’s world, we are fascinated with the latest diets celebrities are following and with what other people are eating. Commercial advertisements and reality TV often showcase people with these crazy food cravings and uncontrollable obsessions. It is like our new entertainment. Meanwhile, there’s diet propaganda that encourages young women to ‘starve’ themselves while others promote endless amount of pizza and beer. As a species, the human race is getting fatter. Obesity rates have increased by 214% since between 1950 and 2000...
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...Abstract The main purpose of this extended project dissertation is as following: to explore the causes of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, in particular the biological, psychological and societal causes. Eating disorders are becoming increasingly common in today’s society and the causes of theses disorders are not completely known. This essay explores the symptoms of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, the risks and consequences of suffering from such disorders. The essay also concentrates upon how eating disorders are gradually affecting more and more men and children – something that was not often seen before. The main focus of this project is to discover whether the causes of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa stem from pre-dispositions which are linked with the body and mind or rather stemmed from society. The main biological reasons which the essay focuses on are; damaged hypothalamuses and genetic hereditariness. The main environmental causes of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa that I have studied are media influences and undesirable conditions for raising children. In writing this project I believe that I have developed valuable skills that I will need in my subjects which include; being able to extract key information from large pieces of text, researching, speedy note taking and the ability to weigh up two sides of an argument fairly and without bias. I am also aware that the skills I am developing while writing this dissertation...
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...television or read a magazine? If you have then you have been exposed to the media revealing models as beautiful. What you don’t know is that a decent percentage of these models are suffering from eating disorders. I trust the media is to blame for our country’s epidemic of eating disorders because, not only do magazines and television portray skinny to be in, but also songs in our nation deliver the attitude. The burdens to encounter the world’s demands to reaching self-satisfaction with one’s body image emotional have influenced the impression of eating disorders. As people are exposed to countless forms of media not only just on television or in a magazine but on the radio, internet & part of our everyday life media being a huge method of communication has been characterized as the leading reason of why people suffer from eating disorders. The role of media profoundly adds to the increase of abnormal eating behaviors within an individual. Without society and the media generating a fabricated image of attractiveness, the calculation of women suffering from eating disorders would decline extremely, women would discontinue trying to grasp a body weight that is unnatural also practically unmanageable to accomplish. Body image has been an ongoing issue in the world and eating disorders are frequently developed, especially in females, in an effort to keep their bodies “fit” and “in shape.” The physical appearance of a person says nothing about who they are as an individual. One...
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...physical disorders. The disorders he suffered from include; manic depression, epilepsy, and bipolar disorder. Through these disorders and problems Van Gogh produced some of the most amazing and popular works of art seen through out the world today. Could Van Gogh’s illnesses be the cause for the certain styles and colors he used in his paintings? Or was it his time period that influenced his style of paintings? Vincent Van Gogh’s illnesses, failures, and the post-impressionist era greatly influenced his style and methods of painting. It is proven time and time again that Vincent van Gogh’s many diagnosed illnesses have greatly influenced his paintings. Van Gogh suffered from many diagnosed diseases and problems such as Lead poisoning, Epilepsy, and Manic Depression. These diseases could have greatly altered the way he painted, the colors he used, and the theme of his paintings. He also may have suffered other diseases or mental issues that were never discovered by doctors or by his family. We will never completely know what exactly went on in the mind of Vincent Van Gogh. “Lead poisoning occurs when lead builds up in the body, often over a period of months or years. Even small amounts of lead can cause serious health problems. At very high levels, lead poisoning can be fatal.” (Clinic, 2009) Painters and artists of Van Gogh’s day used lead based paint. This paint can cause many problems from exposure. It is said that Van Gogh may have gotten into a habit of eating paint chips...
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...The Media: Without Make Up On December 4, 2012, 10.3 million people impatiently gathered together to watch a very important event aired on CBS. Were 10.3 million people participating in a revolutionary debate? Or were they watching Obama give a speech about the progress of a ten-year fiasco in Afghanistan? Neither, in fact they we were gathering together to watch the 2011-2012 Victoria Secret Fashion Show. The sixth floor lounge of Day Hall, here at Syracuse University, was packed with girls ready to watch rail-thin models strut down the runway, as they eat away the pint of Ben & Jerry’s ice cream. Facebook and Twitter had millions of people updating their status about this worldwide-recognized show. Such as, “Not eating for the rest of the week,” “She is not real, how is she so perfect?” or sarcastic comments such as “I’m glad I look exactly like all those Victoria Secret models” (Profitable Objectification). This show is a perfect example of how the media negatively affects our society. Not only does the Victoria Secret Fashion show cause women to question their beauty, but it also instills unrealistic expectations of what women should look like to all the men. The media has a great influence on our view of beauty and has created a false perception of what females should look like. This has made it difficult for anyone that does not fit this ‘ideal’ body to accept themselves the way they are. Celebrities and models have become a representation of the ‘perfect’ body image...
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...This article Just tend to analyze fitting in today’s society, beauty is measured by the slimness of the body, the length and thinness of the legs, the size of the eyes or even the thickness of the lips. Women all over the world are driven by media and advertisements to try to meet society’s meaning of beauty. Unfortunately, to most, cosmetic surgery seems to be the easiest way to achieve the perfect image to fit society’s appeal. During the 20th century, so many injuries were coming about during the war that the advancement and experimentation of plastic surgery began. This study analyze that, Humans seem to be obsessed with beauty, at least in our western culture. Thousands of advertisements are created and put into publication everyday and then distributed to communities all over the world. As we flip through our magazines and newspapers, turn on the TV, or glance at the billboards high above us, we can't help being influenced by what we see. Advertisements can be successful at selling their product to their audience by manipulating the consumers' fears. Advertising surrounds us and creates a world that we only wish existed. They focus on sending out a message that informs women what they need to do in order to...
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...social structure. Numerous behaviors and lifestyle patterns affect our health, such as: exposure to violence, vehicular accidents, alcohol, drugs, and infectious agents. (Williams/Torrens, p 67) Alcohol consumption and illicit drug use are examples of personal decision making and patterns of behavior that have tremendous adverse effects on health and on the economy. Alcohol abuse can lead to diseases such as cirrhosis of the liver, various cancers, intestinal disorders, and brain function deterioration. (Williams/Torrens, p 68) Drug abuse can lead to violent behaviors, liver, kidney, and brain deterioration. Tobacco abuse is associated with numerous diseases, including cardiovascular disease, lung and oral cancers. The above mentioned dysfunctional behaviors are made by personal choice. Some other behaviors that are detrimental to our health and affect the health care system are food choices. America is one of the heaviest countries, full of individuals that not only are overweight, but have unhealthy eating habits. This, too, can lead to illnesses. There is also the issue of unsafe sexual practices which lead to sexually transmitted diseases. A lot of these diseases go undiagnosed until irreversible damage to one’s health has occurred, such as, syphilis. Other sexually transmitted diseases, for example, AIDS can cause lifelong health problems which can eventually lead to the death of the individual. There are those diseases, such as genital Herpes that there is...
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...individual is considered healthy if their mental health is deranged even if they are normal physically. The mental aspect of an individual coordinates other body systems, and for this reason, every human being needs to be mentally fit. Mental illnesses have been around for centuries, and they continue affecting every citizen in Canada, just like in various parts of the world. There is growing interest by researchers on issues of mental health and how these have impacted on society. As it is an important health topic, researchers have done extensive research and now, there is diverse knowledge on health illnesses in Canada. This paper analyzes mental illnesses in the Canada by dwelling on the history of mental illnesses, statistics of mental illnesses and impact of mental illnesses on Canadian population and government as a whole in terms of managing the condition. Statistics Mental disorders are common conditions internationally, and this is the same in Canada. Estimates reveal that 26.2 million Canadians over 18 years suffer from Schizophrenia mental illnesses. In any particular year, 1 in 4 adults are diagnosed with a Schizophrenia mental condition. The problem is so major that currently, mental disorders are a top disability cause in Canada for ages between 16 and 44. These are very alarming statistics. Even though the figures are high, the burden of illness affects a small proportion of the population, that is, a population of about 6%...
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...The History of Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder also known by many as manic depression is a serious mental disorder that is associated by unusual and severe changes in a person’s mood, the changes range from feeling low and depressed to the high state of euphoria (manic), it is these changes that are the classical symptoms of Bipolar Disorder. This disorder has been around for a very long time; in fact it wasn’t until the end of the 20th century that the disease was officially legitimized by congress. Mania and depression were first mentioned in medical records dating back to the second century where first noticed these same two distinct symptoms. It wasn’t until 1650 that Aretaeus’ findings were finally substantiated by Richard Burton, a scientist who is “credited with being the father of depression as a mental illness” (History of Bipolar Disorder, para. 3). Burton also known for the book he wrote specifically on depression titled “The Anatomy of Melancholia”. The name – Bipolar - comes from Jules Falret who in 1854 used the phrase “folie circulaire’ which means “circular insanity” (A Brief History…. para. 2). It was Mr. Falret who made the connection between the cycles of suicide, depression and bouts of mania. He also found that this disease was common in families and believed it could be genetic. Twenty-one years later, Mr. Falret’s findings were finally accepted as a psychiatric disorder, and labeled as Manic-Depressive Psychosis. During this time it was...
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... sexual abuse and psychological or emotional abuse.The major contributor among the four types of child abuse is neglect with 78.5% in 2012. Abused children are 25% more likely to experience teen pregnancy and this is a main reason for neglect because the parent themselves are children due to which their babies get absolutely neglected. These neglected children are not brought up with good values as a result they tend to abuse their own children later on. The victims lead a miserable life. They suffer from poor hygiene, lack of immunization, unusual school attendance etc. The second major share goes to physical abuse at 17.6% in 2012. Majority of the people, who experienced physical abuse in life, suffer from at least one psychological disorder. There are many real life cases wherein parents carve their own children and make them count each and every breath they take before their death. Approximately 80% of children that die cause of abuse are under the age group of four. The signs of physical abuse are burns, wounds, bruises, excessive fear of parents or caretaker, unusual shyness, extreme behavior etc. Third comes sexual abuse by 9.1% in 2012. In recent years sexual abuse has drastically increased by 1 of 5 girls and 1 of 20 boys in 2013. The age group of 11-19 in girls becomes prey of it. These teens are more likely to engage in sexual risk takers, putting them at greater risk of STDs. The sexually abused children experience teen pregnancy and subsidize to the...
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...Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating and purging, or consuming a large amount of food in a short amount of time followed by an attempt to rid oneself of the food consumed, typically by vomiting, taking a laxative, diuretic, or stimulant, and/or excessive exercise, because of an extensive concern for body weight. Many individuals with bulimia nervosa also have an additional psychiatric disorder. Some individuals may tend to alternate between bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa. Bulimia is also commonly accompanied with fasting over an extended period of time. These dangerous, habit-forming practices occur while the sufferer is trying to keep their weight under a self-imposed threshold. It can lead to potassium loss and health deterioration, with depressive symptoms that are often severe and lead to a high risk of suicide. Bulimia nervosa is nine times more likely to occur in women than men. The majority of those with bulimia nervosa are at normal weight. The majority, about 80 to almost 90 percent of individuals with bulimia are women. However, males do develop the disorder and some studies suggest that the prevalence among males is higher than previously believed. Among women, adolescents are the most at risk. A survey of 496 adolescent girls reported that more than 12 percent experienced some form of eating disorder by the time they were 20. Over the years the size and weight of the average woman has increased with improved nutrition, but there...
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