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Econ 130

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Chapter 1: The Core Issues
Dr. Yu
ECON130

Principles of Microeconomics

What Is the Economy?

1. The Economy is us.
2. It is the grand sum of all our production and consumption activities.
3. For the United States, it is the collective behavior of the 320 million individuals who participate in it.

The Core Issues

The purpose of an economy is to produce goods and services that satisfy peoples’ wants using the limited resources available. Wants

Limited

Resources

Unlimited

What do you want in your life?

Scarcity: The Core Problem
Scarcity: lack of enough resources to satisfy all desired uses of those resources.

Three Core Issues
What to produce with our limited resources

How to produce the goods and services

For whom goods and services are produced

Factors or Production
1.

2.

3.

Land

labor

Capital

Entrepreneurship

Goods produced for use in further production

The assembling of resources to produce new or improved products and technologies

All natural resources Skills and abilities of all humans at work

4.

Land

The entire material universe exclusive of people and their products.

Capital
Capital – goods produced for use in further production. • Future investment
• Depreciate
• More efficient technology

Capital

Money

Quiz
Labor

Entrepreneurship

Capital

Land

Economics Defined

Economics: the study of how best to allocate scarce resources among competing uses.

Trade Off
A situation that involves losing one quality or aspect of something in return for gaining another quality or aspect.

Trade Off
When we choose to use resources to produce one thing, we must give up producing something else with those resources.
This trade-off comes with a cost.

Think-Pair-Share Time

Opportunity Cost
Opportunity cost: the

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