...Name of the Project: Highway 407 improvement Executive summary In 2013, following 3 years of program definition, research and planning, the province of Ontario’s ministry of transportation and infrastructure launched the project to improve the existing highway 407. This highway is the busiest route and convenient to access different parts of Toronto. The proposal of highway 407 was launched in 1959 and opened to the public in June 7 1997. 407 its one of the busiest highway, the total trips in 2010 was 114.691 Million. 407 ETR is the world’s first all-electronic toll road of its kind, and from the day it was opened up to the present day it continues to fulfill its mission of relieving traffic on local highways and roads. The goal of the project “Highway 407 improvement” includes reducing congestion and travel time; improve safety; expanding networks and transportation choice for high occupancy vehicles. Given the cost of the project and other provincial priorities, a key objective was to be self-financing, paid for through ERT system. The present value cost is estimated more than $5 billion, which is calculated over the period of 35 years. Key features of the project include extending the high occupancy vehicles lanes and commercial vehicle priority access. The project will also provide the reintroduction of the public transit to a corridor that has been too crowded to support reliable service for the past few years. The request of proposal was submitted on...
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...Introduction: Intermodal transportation can be thought of as a process for transporting freight and passengers by means of interconnected networks, involving various combinations of modes of transportation, in which all the components are seamlessly linked and efficiently combined. Intermodal transportation is rapidly gaining acceptance as an integral component of conducting business in an increasingly competitive and interdependent global economy. (Yevdokimov, 2001) Global Importance: The United States of Code with respect to transportation states: “Alt is the policy of US Government to develop a National Intermodal Transportation System that is economically efficient and environmentally sound, provides the foundation for the United States to compete in the Global economy and will move individuals and property in an energy efficient way. The National Intermodal Transportation System shall consist of all forms of transportation in a unified, interconnected manner, including the transportation system of the failure, to reduce energy consumption and air pollution and supporting the United States = pre-eminent position in international commerce”. (US Govt. printing press, 1999) Evolution of Trade Corridors: The Globalisation of trade has resulted in dramatic changes in the domestic freight corridors that support international commerce. For ex. increased trade with China and the Pacific Rim has led to the development of enhanced east-west transportation infrastructure. (Appalachian...
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...Although it used to be thought as a pride for the host country to hold the Olympic Games, the consideration whether the cost of the Olympic Games outweighs the actual benefits brought to the host country is becoming increasingly more common among the public throughout the world. This essay is going to discuss about the cost and benefits that the host country may obtain by holding the Olympic Games. The negative influence caused by the Olympics may include the enormous financial cost and the passive social impact, while the host country is provided an opportunity to build up country status as well as to help the city renewal. First of all, the Olympics cost the host country an enormous amount of money to hold the game, which may then lead to...
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...transport Tuesday, 1 January, 2013 2:29 PM Transportation and Economic Development Authors: Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue and Dr. Theo Notteboom1. The Economic Importance of Transportation Like many economic activities that are intensive in infrastructures, the transport sector is an important component of the economy impacting on development and the welfare of populations. When transport systems are efficient, they provide economic and social opportunities and benefits that result in positive multipliers effects such as better accessibility to markets, employment and additional investments. When transport systems are deficient in terms of capacity or reliability, they can have an economic cost such as reduced or missed opportunities. Efficient transportation reduces costs, while inefficient transportation increases costs. The impacts of transportation are not always intended, and can have unforeseen or unintended consequences such as congestion. Transport also carries an important social and environmental load, which cannot be neglected.The added value and employment effects of transport services usually extend beyond employment and added value generated by that activity; indirect effects are salient. For instance, transportation companies purchase a part of their inputs from local suppliers. The production of these inputs generates additional value-added and employment in the local economy. The suppliers in turn purchase goods and services from other local firms. There are further...
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...as falling productivity, high inflation, rising labor costs, higher fuel costs and low economic growth. These problems led to the deregulation of the airline industry in 1978 with the Airline Deregulation Act that removed the various controls that influenced the decision power of the companies. The deregulation lasted about three years and the main objective was to increase competition between airline carriers and lower service prices. The deregulation began with the easing of tariffs and liberalization of routes. During the regulations, customers paid high rates and hadn’t many options because there weren’t many airlines companies. After the deregulation, increased competition, new companies have emerged due to lowering barriers entry of new airlines industries and the price decreased. In this competitive environment, the company has increased its investments in quality and marketing as well as the efficient use of its fleet in order to attract more consumers. Also, the cost control has become a major factor in the management of airlines. However, the rapid growth of the airline industry has triggered some problems like congestion at some airports, travel delays and low runway capacity especially during peak hours of travel. These problems are caused due to increased demand and the lack of investment in some airports. The opening of foreign markets by the government was another benefit resulted of the deregulation. This change encouraged the airlines companies to expand their...
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...impossible to imagine a world without it. Advances in technology have allowed for dramatic improvements in the standard of living, and citizens in cities should have the right to realize these benefits. Singapore is striving to become a smart city, and has incorporated information and communication technology throughout the city that has resulted in improvements in transportation, sustainability, convenience and productivity. The contemporary right to the city is one in which all citizens have the right of access to technology, and Singapore is one city where this right is being satisfied. Lefebvre argued that every citizen, regardless of demographic should have the right of access to jobs, services, land and homes, and the right to contribute in changes to the city. While all of these rights certainly remain applicable today, the contemporary right to the city is one that also includes access to technology. Singapore is one of the densest cities in the world, with over 7,000 people per square kilometer, and as the city has become increasingly urbanized, it has turned to technology in order to ensure that the quality of life remains high. The city has undertaken a massive project to transform itself into one of the smartest cities in the world, with the government spending tens of billions of dollars on innovation. Their efforts have certainly paid off, as there are countless benefits that citizens are able to now experience. Technology is helping Singapore not only improve...
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...Results: 1. What are the potential economic benefits of the trucking provisions in the NAFTA treaty? • Substantially decrease transportation costs between NAFTA countries. • The need for storage and warehousing was to decline. • The reduction in short-haul truckers would cut costs to shippers. • Economic efficiencies created by free trade in goods and services were meant to yield efficiencies in cross-border transportation of these products. Who benefits? • American companies • American and Mexican trucking industries • Consumers Who might lose? • Once implemented, these provisions help everyone involved on the American side. • Mexico’s economy has suffered and they have endured high level of pollution. 2. What do you think motivated the American Teamsters to object the trucking provisions of NAFTA? Are these objections fair? “Mexican trucks are older, dirtier and more dangerous than American trucks. American truck drivers are taken of the road it they commit a serious traffic violation in their truck. That’s not so in Mexico limits on the hours a driver can spend behind the wheel are ignored in Mexico”. – James Hoffa, the president of Teamsters. The Teamsters and other unions have officially opposed an open transportation policy on the grounds of trucks safety, although job preservation for their members appears to be an important part of their motivation. Why did the US Congress initially align itself with the Teamsters? • Pressure from America’s...
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...Raising South Carolina's gas taxes could be the economic solution that residents may not want but it will be the very thing that will improve the State's welfare but most importantly its roads. According to the Post and Courier, South Carolina's gas taxes have not been raised since 1987 during the Reagan/Bush administration, leaving the state with some of the most dangerous roads in the nation. If South Carolina raises its gas taxes, the government can begin to improve the unsafe roads in the state that will have a positive outcome for the consumer in the long run. Raising the gas taxes will not only help improve the roads but will also help the state's public transportation association commercially allowing for the economy to grow and fund...
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...cost data .…………………………….………………………………………………….………………….…………….…………..10 Effectiveness of approach adopted 10 Recommendations 13 1. Provision of a consolidated logistics service 13 2. Delivery route and shore base operation costs 13 3. Establishment of a trusting, reliable partnership 14 4. Customer Service Audit 15 References 19 Introduction With increasing global competition and the streamlining of the supply chain management functions of businesses, organizations now outsource parts or all of their logistic functions to Third Party Logistics (3PL) providers in an attempt to achieve operational efficiencies within the supply chain. Specifically, 3PL service providers typically specialize in integrated warehousing and transportation services that can be scaled and customized to customer needs based on market...
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...environment (Ramirez-Aleson & Espitia-Escuer, 2001). It is thought as a business or industry that attracts and provides in international economic activities (Peng, 2011). From the views of domestic and international industries, the former competes and collaborates with the foreign entrants, the latter enters an aboard market to get the market share for growing itself up. Peng (2011) argues that International Business includes both international activities and domestic activities. The traditional boundaries of international and domestic business are deliberated blurring, because most of the previously national markets are globalized now. Mention to the current situation about International Business, it is essential to understand what and how International Business is emerged. The variables of why International Business happened have been defined by scholars, first of all, Dunning (2001) believes competitive advantages are quite important to help corporations extend their business. Second, Johnson & Tuner (2003) indicates five drivers of International Business, that are Economy, International governance and regulation, Finance and capital, Communication technology, Social and cultural convergence, etc. Additionally, Huang (2005) and Ashar (2009) argued the improvement of containerization is a support power that accelerates the goods transportation. Furthermore, Paul (2001) points out that not only the former ways, but also competitiveness is an important way in the International...
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...introductory Concepts in transportation decision making A transportation projects Evaluation resume leads by Creniaut Emilien introductory Concepts in transportation decision making Contents Introduction 1 Part one Overall transportation program development. 2 Network-Level Planning 2 Project development 2 Programming 3 Budgeting 3 Financial Planning 3 Part two. Process of transportation project development (PDP) 3 PDP Steps 3 Impact of transportation system stimuli 7 Impact categories and types 8 Dimensions of the evaluation 9 Geographical scope of impacts 10 Other Ways of categorizing transportation system impact 11 Role of evaluation in PDP and Basic Elements of evaluation 11 Role of evaluation in PDP 11 Reasons for evaluation 11 Measures of a project’s worth 12 Procedure for transportation system evaluation 13 Conclusion 15 Introductory concepts in transportation Decision Making Creniaut Emilien -陳玉偉 – 0245037 – NCTU Report Introduction The transportation system is nowadays the largest public sector for any countries. The economic growth and the productivity are linked with the efficiency of the transportation network. All of the capitalist is, now, based on the accessibility of goods and facilities. Constantly we need to improve our transportation network. So transportation agencies have to make lot of assumption in order to improve our network. But it will involve our environment a lot, that’s...
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...Agriculture, services and manufacturing industries play a vital role in the development of the Indian economy. The IT outsourcing, software and call center/ BPO industries, in particular, have helped skyrocket India’s economic development in recent years. Economic development in India still depends on the various sectors that constitute the Indian economy – agriculture, services and manufacturing industries. India is rated as one of the top economies in the world in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP) of the gross domestic product (GDP) by leading financial entities of the world, such as the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and the CIA (as referenced in the CIA World Factbook). As far as agriculture is concerned, India is the second largest in volume of output. Certain related sectors of agriculture have played a major role in the development of the Indian economy by providing employment to a number of people in the forestry, fishing and logging industries. In 2009, the agricultural sector contributed 17.5% to the entire GDP, and more than 50% of the total labor force working in India is employed in the agricultural sector. Production volume has gone up in Indian agriculture at a consistent rate since the 1950s. Much of this improvement can be attributed to the five-year plans that were established for the development of Indian agriculture. Developments in irrigation processes, as well as various modern technologies used have contributed to the overall...
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...Inc. (PLI), has built up a substantial business over the last 30 years and he has excelled in the profitable less-than-load (LTL) transport service. He founded the company in 1979, as a truck brokering service, with diverse truckload transportation requirements and local and international carriers with available capacity. PLI’s customer base has grown steadily as the company now serves hundreds of shippers each day, by developing a wide variety of strong loyal customer relationships, including some of the largest carriers in North America. The company grew to a mid-size company over time, contributing from the purchase of a high caliber fleet of straight trucks after their establishment into a for-hire motor carrier in 1983. As years passed, PLI was capable of showing high profitability by capitalizing on the higher margins associated with the LTL services. With regards to location, PLI is renting two buildings in the expensive city of Toronto, Canada, providing local and regional services in Greater Toronto and Southern Ontario. The company is also licensed to operate in other parts of Canada, and to and from the United States. Revenues estimated to be close to $43 billion annually and employing close to 400,000 people because truck transportation services are such a large and vital part to the Canadian Economy (Cauterman). Which puts the trucking industry in a very competitive market since there are so many available options to transport goods. John Powell, as a 50-year successful...
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...University of St Francis MBAD 656 – Transportation Management & Economics Donald Maier PH.D. August 10, 2007 TRAFFIC SIGNAL SYSTEMS 2 Abstract Traffic congestion is an inescapable problem in large and growing metropolitan areas across the country. With 88% of America’s daily commuters using private vehicles, eliminating traffic congestion is practically impossible. The challenge then becomes finding the best methods to manage congestion as to minimize its impact on commuters, the environment, and the economy. The field of transportation engineering continues to grow and expand with an increasing use of advanced technologies to reduce congestion within our nation’s roadways. One set of technologies, which has evolved over the past 30 years and shows excellent potential for improving traffic conditions in urban areas is advanced traffic signal systems. These systems are the focus of this paper. TRAFFIC SIGNAL SYSTEMS 3 Congestion has traditionally been labeled as a problem to be solved. Between 1980 and 1999, vehicle miles of travel on U.S. roadways grew by 76 percent, while lane miles increased by only 3 percent. Average daily vehicle volumes in urban areas rose by 43 percent between 1985 and 1999, from 10.331 million to 14.757 million (Wachs, 2002, para.1). In a study of 68 urban areas, published by the Texas Transportation Institute in 2001, it was reported that the percentage...
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...interconnectedness among people, globalization has been appeared. Globalization refers the integration of global economies, societies and cultures through the communication, transportation and trade. During this period of this process, one question has been raised whether is globalization bad or good? And according to this question, it is proved that globalization is playing a fundamental role to make progress to many sections including economies, culture and religion, public services and living standard, and technology. In economics, Globalization refers to the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of the growing scale of cross-border trade of commodities and services, flow of international capital and wide and rapid spread of technologies. It shows the market expansion and integration, and it is an unchangeable tendency for international economic development. In economy, globalization is playing a significant role to make advancement to this sector over the world. Globalization has created widely the international economy, integration of markets and the flow or movement in the world, all of which make escalations in global movement. There are many importance of globalization on economy for many years. Improvement in technology has a essential effect in decreasing the costs of transportation, communication and commodity also lowering the price of data processing and information storage. There is a sign of the modern technology like electric mail, the internet...
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