...An Exploratory study on the Challenges Faced by Young Male Entrepreneurs in Karachi Research Proposal Spring 2016 4th Feb 2016 Submitted To: Dr. Jawaid Qureshi Submitted By: Abdul Basit - 1435199 Syed Muhammad Haseeb - 1435218 Contents 1. Introduction 2 1.1 Background 3 1.2 Aims of Research 4 2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4 3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 6 3.1 Research Questions 6 3.2 Research Design 6 3.3 Sample Size 7 3.4 Research Instrument 7 References 9 1. Introduction: Interest in entrepreneurship in economies has grown within international business research due to the failure of getting employment, limited success of microfmance, lack of experience and knowledge and the relatively the unfulfilled promise of Government sector solutions. Research argues that entrepreneurial orientations and opportunities can be the answer to the former issue. In recent years, entrepreneurship has been regarded as an important element not only of regional economic growth itself, but of economic resilience. It has been suggested that this generation should become known as E-Generation because, they are expected to become the most entrepreneurial generation since the Industrial Revolution (D. F. Kuratko, 2004). This would be no surprise as a Gallup poll (Walstad, 2010) conducted in 2010 found that 69% of its 602 surveyed university students expressed interest in starting a business. However, a similar kind of pool which have the students who has just started their...
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...business organization can run. All the activities of the business concerns end with consumers and consumer satisfaction. Sadiq investigated the Economic Impact of Retailing in Pakistan. He found that the saturation of Retail markets in the developed countries and the growth potential of Asian markets had been enticing the big retailing giants to enter the business markets of countries like Pakistan whose retail potential expected to be $42 billion. Hanley & Leahy, (2008) examined the effectiveness of relationship marketing strategies used by department stores. Their primary objective of the study was to discover the extent to which customers use and influenced by relationship marketing strategies. They found that that customer perceived that relationships exist between the customer and the department store. These relationships developed as a result of positive personal interactions between customers and department store staff and as a result of certain value driven relationship marketing strategies. Khan & Khan, (2010) investigated that Pakistan Textile Industry Facing New Challenges. They found that Pakistan textile industry contributed more than 60 percent (US $ 9.6 billion) to the country’s total exports. This industry also had faced great...
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...support received from all the members who contributed and who are contributing to this project, was vital for the success of the project. We are grateful for their constant support and help. ABSTRACT: This research is conducted just to explore that what are the issues and challenges as also what opportunities are there for the Islamic banks in Pakistan. As Pakistan is a Muslim country and the main population is of Muslims, there is a great importance of Islamic banking in this country and people are getting aware of this financial system. But the main challenge here that is faced by the Islamic banking is that Pakistan govt. is supporting conventional banking more. For this research interviews were taken from the employees and the customers of Islamic banks. These interviews are about the basics of the Islamic banking, about the awareness of Muslim society, the opportunities for the development and growth and the challenges that are faced by the Islamic banks in Pakistan. This research shows that as the Muslims in Pakistan want halal banking and are switching towards Islamic banks as they want to live their lives according to Islam, so there are opportunities for the Islamic financial system in Pakistan. In order to make this financial system successful the banking authorities should...
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...Impact of afghan war on Pakistan economy “Although history has been very unkind to Pakistan but its geo-strategic position has been a great asset to garner benefits from world great powers” (Stephen p. Kohen) • Introduction The conflict and instability in Afghanistan is the aftermath of 9/11 attacks and their regional implications had very negative repercussions, for the years following the US invasion of Afghanistan not only saw a huge influx of Afghan refugees across the border into Pakistan but also witnessed a sudden spike in the frequency and scale of terrorist attacks in Pakistan. The cumulative impact of these developments adversely impacted the overall growth rate in all major sectors of the economy. Pakistan continues to pay a heavy price both in the economic and security terms due to this situation and a substantial portion of precious national resources both men and material, have been diverted to address the emerging security challenges for the last several years. The rise of violent extremism and increase in terrorism in Pakistan due to instability in Afghanistan not only caused serious damage to Pakistan’s economy but has also been responsible for widespread human suffering due to indiscriminate attacks against the civilian population. This situation disrupted Pakistan’s normal economic and trading activities which not only resulted in higher costs of business but also created disruptions in the production cycles, resulting in significant delays in meeting the...
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...specifically examine the trade performance from the 1980s onwards to see the progress made towards the integration of the Pakistani economy into the world economy. It will look into the opportunities that Pakistan is likely to gain in a more globalised world, with special focus on the textile and clothing sector and the potential growth in this sector after the abolition of the Multi Fibre Arrangement (MFA) in 2005. New challenges that may emerge in a more open trading environment will also be discussed. 1. Introduction Globalisation broadly defined as the free movement of goods, services, people and information across national boundaries has become a widely debated topic in recent years. Developing countries embrace Globalisation for a variety of reasons. Firstly, foreign investment provides more jobs, new production technologies, infrastructure improvements and a source of capital for local entrepreneurs. Domestic businesses gain access to both cheaper inputs and much larger markets for their products. The removal of trade barriers expands the range of choices available to consumers and places downward pressure on prices thereby raising the real value of workers’ earnings. Globalisation and liberalisation present many new opportunities for developing countries such as Pakistan, viz. higher growth through export expansion and improvements in their balance of payments situation. A World Bank study (Dollar and Kraay 2001)...
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...Objectives of Pak China Economic Corridor Some of the major objectives of Pak China Economic Corridor are as following • Maximum utilize the trade agreements like PTA (preferential trade agreement) and FTA (Free trade agreement) and yield full advantage of these trade contracts • Provide a new short route for trade purposes which will approximately lessen the total distance by 10000 kilo meters then the previous route. • Maximize the trade volume between Pakistan and China, which will benefit the both partners • It will also increase our exports because we will also be exporting products to china, which will encourage the domestic manufacturing • Enhance the capacity of current high ways and add additional highways for trade purposes between china and Pakistan • To build a strong trade alliance in south Asia • Expand trade with other countries too like Russian and Afghanistan • Providing china access to Indian ocean providing a shorter route to the china’s region neighboring Pakistan China border • Developing infrastructure throughout the Pakistan • China wants that the Iran Pakistan gas pipeline should be extended to the northern countries • Job opportunities for Pakistani people specially in undeveloped areas like Baluchistan Conclusion No doubt that the PCEC (Pakistan China Economic Corridor) will provide new opportunities and new possibilities for the economic development of Pakistan and China. But there are also some implications in this like law and...
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...A CRITIQUE OF THE RESEARCH EVEDENCE ON ERADICATION OF POLIO IN PAKISTAN & INDIA Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 Challenges that were faced 6 The impact of Social mobilization 9 Making the influencers a part of the programm 10 The role of media 11 Conclusion 11 References 12 Abstract Ever since the year 1988, there has been a challenge going on to eradicate polio. This has been possible because of the Global Polio Eradication Programme. This initiative has used various media resources to make people aware of the ill effects of polio thereby allowing immunization to take place all over the world so that this harmful disease can be combated. However one of the most challenging tasks that were faced during this initiative was to reach the far flung places which were poor in economy and had very little access to health facilities so that polio could be completely eradicated. The program used various strategies combined with research and innovation so that they could gain access to populations that had been unreached (Adedeji, Marquez, Moore & Gonzalez, 2007). Here in this analysis we shall be reviewing the challenges that came while conquering the polio battle in both India and Pakistan during the years of 2000 up to 2007. This case study will delve upon the following points: 1. The epidemiological aspect of polio 2. The data analysis 3. Strategies of communication used to make people more conscious It also deals about how...
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...Challenges to Pakistan’s Economy - Proposed Remedies & Solutions. Professor Dr. Shahida Wizarat Paper presented at the pre-budget seminar organized by the Southern Regional Committee of (ICAP), at Marriott Hotel, Karachi. 10 April 2008 1. Introduction All the serious challenges Pakistan’s economy is facing today like very wide budget and trade deficits, galloping inflation, increase in the level of poverty, power outages, water shortages, closure of industries, food insecurity, etc, has diverted our attention from realizing the very serious challenge that we have overcome. Since the 1950s we had a system in this country where the Ministry of Finance and all the economic ministries were headed by World Bank and IMF officials of Pakistan origin. With increase in the indebtedness of the country the situation got from bad to worse. The worst period was the decade of the 1990s when not only the economic ministries, but even prime ministers came from these institutions. During negotiations between the Government of Pakistan (GOP) and the International Financial Institutions (IFI)s it was difficult to distinguish between the GOP and the (IFI)s, for both sides comprised of IFI officials. These were very trying times for those of us who value independence and economic sovereignty of the country. I wrote several articles questioning the wisdom of a system which even...
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...Abstract The aim of this work is to look into urbanization trend in Pakistan and its socio-economic implications. The study would examine the effectiveness of a range of remedies applied in Pakistan, and as to how other countries are dealing with the problems arising due to urbanization. Based on analysis of the case of Pakistan and cross-country experiences, an attempt will be made to suggest remedies based on regulatory framework and various economic instruments to resolve the urbanization related issues. Urbanization is generally considered as a means and an end towards development. In Pakistan as well, the transition of a substantial portion of population to a largely urban population and the development of mega-urban regions/centers is being viewed as an engine of economic growth in the Government’s ‘New Growth Framework’. The success of this Growth Framework depends, to a large extent, on the speed with which the urban centers are transformed into dynamic, knowledge-based, productive, healthy and efficient centers. Urbanization is the process of a country becoming more industrialized from a previously agricultural dominated society; it is a cyclical process involving three essential aspects: behavior, structure and demography. Table of Contents Chapter Page 1. Introduction • Urbanization...
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...Press, Inc., 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nasr, Seyyed Vali Reza, 1960 – Islamic leviathan : Islam and the making of state power / Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr. p. cm.—(Religion and global politics) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-514426-0 1. Malaysia—Politics and government. 2. Islam and politics—Malaysia. 3. Pakistan—Politics and government—1988 – 4. Islam and politics—Pakistan. I. Title. II. Series. DS597.2.N37 2001 322′.1′095491—dc21 00-064968 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To Lala Amjad (Syed Amjad Ali) Gentleman, scholar, friend and Bhaji Kishwar (Begum Kishwar Abid Husayn) A guiding light for truth-seekers Preface In 1979 General Muhammad...
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...Describe the country of investment. Include the following: Economic structure, indicators and risk Throughout India the economic structure differs greatly from state to state. India is known for having one of the fasting growing economies in the world. This has a lot to do with the huge population in India. Capital, labor, and productivity growth have been the main contributors to the economic growth in the country. In recent years the Indian government has made great strides in strengthening the economy. Despite this push by the government there are still several very poor areas and the country still has a lot of uneven economic stability and because of this there is still a lot of room for improvement. The widespread poverty throughout India is one of the biggest challenges the country faces (Dasgupta & Chakraborty, 2005). For many years the Indian government had several rigid policies to discourage foreign investments but in recent years these policies have been under reform. Most of the growth that the economy of India has seen in recent years has been due to internal growth. The country depends very little on exports and this has been an advantage for their stability. When foreign countries have economic problems and in recent years when there are been global economic crisis, the effects are not felt as much on the Indian economy. India has a very good education system which is great for their economic growth. Unfortunately the education in not evenly spread...
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...[pic][pic]2012 Embassy of Brazil- Islamabad SECOM PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN General information on the Pulp and Paper Industry in Pakistan. Research and Compilation by the Commercial Section of the Embassy of Brazil in Pakistan. [pic]Pulp and Paper Industry in Pakistan Table of Contents 1. Pakistan’s Economy 2 2. Industry overview 2 2.1 Current Status of Pulp and Paper Industry in Pakistan 3 2.2 Types of papers produced 4 2.3 Method of Producing Paper 4 2.4 Raw Material Availability 5 3. Current status of Trade and Potential of Pak- Brazil Trade Cooperation in this sector 7 3.1 Potential of Export to Pakistan 8 4. Future Outlook 10 5. Companies and Useful Links 11 1[pic] SECOM-Islamabad, Pakistan [pic]Pulp and Paper Industry in Pakistan 1. Pakistan’s Economy Pakistan economy is positioned at 27th largest economy with 488 (1) billion USD in term of Purchasing Power Parity. Pakistan has a semi-industrialized economy, which mainly encompasses textiles, chemicals, food processing, agriculture and other industries. Growth poles of Pakistan's economy are situated along the Indus River, diversified economies of Karachi and...
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...SYSTEM 1. Introduction. Pakistan is located in a region which is prone to number of natural disasters. Due to its diverse range of terrain and existence of fault lines, the country is susceptible to wide ranging hazards from earthquake to droughts and floods to cyclones. Pakistan has suffered floods almost every year as monsoon rains cause rivers to outflow from their banks. The country also experiences earthquake regularly ranging from moderate to severe in intensity. We have been suffering from drought like situation of varying degrees from many years and the coastal areas are prone to cyclones. There is no comprehensive, integrated disaster management policy at national level for dealing with major disasters like earthquake of 2005 and floods of 2010 and 2011 partially due to limited resources, economic instability and partially due to absence of well trained and equipped disaster management infrastructure. We also lack proper system for disaster prevention and preparedness that could ensure effective mitigation to reduce the loss of life and property damage in the face of a natural disaster. 2. Disaster management is unfortunately seen as provision of relief rather than the management of all of its phases and long term management of risk. We therefore need a comprehensive preparedness, prevention and mitigation strategy with a view to better manage and coordinate activities of various line ministries, departments and civil society. Pakistan has a traditional relief and...
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...modernization of its various sectors. Government of Pakistan awarded status of industry to telecom sector in year 2003-04. Benefits that accrue to a declared industry are now available to Telecom Sector. Over the past two decades, the institutional and regulatory framework of the telecommunications industry has changed radically. In most of the countries, public telecommunication operators (PTOs) have been fully or partially privatized and regulations concerning access to telecommunication markets, provision of services to users and pricing mechanisms have been overhauled. Basic Telephony Pakistan telecommunications market for the fixed-line services was dominated by Pakistan Telecommunication Limited (PTCL). But now PTA has been given the role of a regulatory body and is responsible for implementing the telecom deregulation policy. For a long time, Pakistan lagged behind in the region as far as telecom access is concerned. With cellular mobile revolution taking place, Pakistan 's tele-density currently stands at 10.37%, with gross subscribers base of fixed (5.05 million) as well as mobile subscribers (10.54 million) touching 15.59 million for a population of 152.53 million. The government is taking Pakistan's telecom future seriously and has deregulated the sector. As a result, scores of new private entrants are gearing up to provide service, and since June cellular subscriptions have shot up by 56%, to 7 million -- making Pakistan one of the fastest-growing cellular markets....
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...liberalization has caused basic changes in the market structure of telecommunications from monopoly to that of a competitive one. These developments have resulted in the establishment of regulators in most countries. The regulators are faced with the challenge of developing a competitive environment in the industry; providing a level-playing field to incumbents and to new entrants in the sector. Telecom industry of Pakistan World has become a global village and this is due to prompt, easy and accessible communication. Telecom segment has changed the shape of communication everywhere and this is a hot issue in Pakistan now a days. Telecom sector has emerged as a fast growing industry during past few years and now Pakistan is promising as one of the most progressive country where the number of mobile phone subscribers has reached 40 million. For the reason different companies are being attracted to invest heavily in this division. Due to the enormous competition among different companies of both service providers and mobile set providers, mobile phone is almost in reach of every common man in Pakistan and as a result of this brisk demand, companies are investing seriously in this fragment. Currently there are five major companies operating in Pakistan, Mobilink, Ufone, Telenor, Zong and Warid. Everyone from top business executives to daily wagers looks busy on...
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