...Ecosystems and Economics Paper BIO/280 Ecosystems and Economics Paper Our society has come to a point in time where we are more concerned about having the latest thing. While humans choose to consume natural resources our ecosystems are diminishing. In this paper I will discuss degradation, loss, effecst humans have on our planet, and the cost and benefits of human enterprise in terms of ecosystems. Degradation and Loss In past years, people have reshaped ecosystems, faster and more ample than in any time in history. While meeting fast growing request on food, fresh water, timber, and fuel. Resulting in a permanent loss in diversity of life on this planet. “These alteration we have made to our ecosystem have contributed to considerable net gain in human well-being and economic development, these gains have been achieved at growing cost in the form of the degradation of many ecosystem services” (Leemans, 2003). Effects of human activity on ecosystems Humans and technologies are disturbing the trophic structure, energy flow and the chemical balance of ecosystems worldwide. Humans move nutrients from one place to another in an ecosystem. Example; Soil from a farm can be transported into streams, and lakes, diminishing nutrients in an area causing excess to develop in another area, and disturbing chemical cycles in both areas. Introduction of toxic chemicals by humans into ecosystems have caused these chemicals to be consumed and metabolized by organisms. These chemicals...
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...Ecosystem Structure, Function, and Change Paper (Great Lakes) Shantera Bell October 26, 2015 SCI/256 UOP The Great Lakes region is rich with life and full of native species well adapted to survival. However, since the early 1800s, many non-native plants, animals and microscopic organisms have been introduced into the Great Lakes, either accidentally or intentionally. Great Lakes native species are diverse and interesting and contribute to a healthy ecosystem. There are many unique and interesting birds, fish and plants found in Michigan and throughout the region that are integral to the health of the Great Lakes ecosystem. More than 140 species of birds depend on Michigan’s coastal habitat during their life cycle. Coastal wetlands, beaches, sand dunes and remote islands provide food and shelter for both resident and migratory species. Waterfowl such as Canvasback and Scaup are among the many species that use coastal wetlands as stopover sites to rest and refuel. Shorebirds including the endangered piping plover fly thousands of miles to nest on undisturbed beaches and remote Great Lakes islands. Because of their use of the coastal lands, there are thousands of great locations to see both resident and migratory bird species throughout Michigan and the Great Lakes region. State parks, national parks, wildlife refuges and sanctuaries throughout the state all provide good bird-watching opportunities. Some sites along Michigan’s Great Lakes shoreline are even...
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...University of Phoenix Material Ecosystem Structure, Function, and Change Select and complete one of the following assignments: Option 1: Ecosystem Components Paper Option 2: Ecosystem Components Video and Summary Option 1: Ecosystem Components Paper Select a representative natural ecosystem in your area or one that you are interested in—such as a lake, preserve, or park—that is managed for native species. • Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper explaining the following: o The major structural and functional dynamics (processes) of that ecosystem including change over time o How humans may have affected biogeochemical cycles in that ecosystem, including impacts to the nitrogen, phosphorus, or carbon cycle o How knowledge about that ecosystem’s structure and function can help or has helped to develop plans for its management and restoration o The implication of species interactions in ecosystem management and restoration • Include two outside references. • Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Option 2: Ecosystem Components Video and Summary Select a representative natural ecosystem in your area or one that you are interested in—such as a lake, preserve, or park—that is managed for native species. • Shoot a 7- to 10-minute video chronicling the following: o The major structural and functional dynamics (processes) of that ecosystem including change over time o How humans may...
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...Ecosystem Structure, Function, and Change paper Zachery Thursday, February 12, 2015 SCI 256 Ecosystem Structure, Function, and Change paper Prior to restoration the area now known as the Chamna Natural Preserve was used to facilitate illegal dumping and racing. It was not until 1997 that cleanup of this shrub-steppe ecosystem began. Area such as this have begun to be maintained by associations with the intentions of restoring or maintaining these natural reserves. We will discuss the major structural and functional dynamics for the Chamna Natural Preserve. Along with how humans may have affected the cycling of matter in the ecosystem, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, or carbon. How knowledge can or has helped to develop plans for restoration or management. Then finally about the implications of species interactions in this specific ecosystem. Structures and Functions of the Chamna Natural Preserve The Functional dynamics of this shrub-steppe ecosystem are undergoing change, and people are involved. According to Smith (2001), “Climate change will alter the nitrogen cycling in the fragile soil of semi-arid desert regions.” Since nitrogen loss is more prevalent in warmer, drier areas then cooler, wetter areas. The microbial processes related to the cycling of nitrogen are more related to the changes is climate, then by plant competition for nitrogen. Meaning that the stability of this shrub-steppe ecosystem is highly dependent on the ecosystems ability to adjust to changing...
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...Course Description This course is designed to introduce biology at an entry level by examining the hierarchy that ranges from the fundamentals of cell biology to the physiology of organisms, and the interactions among those organisms in their environment. The topics in this course include cell biology, genetics, molecular biology, evolution, physiology, and ecology. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Simon, E. J., Reece, J. B., & Dickey, J. L. (2010). Essential biology with physiology. (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Pearson/Benjamin Cummings. All electronic materials are available on...
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...BIO 101 Principles of Biology Program Council The Academic Program Councils for each college oversee the design and development of all University of Phoenix curricula. Council members include full-time and practitioner faculty members who have extensive experience in this discipline. Teams of full-time and practitioner faculty content experts are assembled under the direction of these councils to create specific +courses within the academic program. Copyright Copyright 2009 by the University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. University of Phoenix® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft®, Windows®, and Windows NT® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks or their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix® editorial standards and practices. Course Syllabus Course Title: | BIO 101 Principles of Biology | Course Schedule: | April 25, 2011 to May 23, 2011 | Course Location/ Times/Newsgroup: | Henderson CampusMonday, 6:00 pm to 10:00 pmHEFOUN78E | Required Text: | Simon, E. J., Reece, J. B., Dickey, J. L. (2010). Essential biology with physiology. (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Pearson/Benjamin Cummings. Note: All required text materials can be found on the...
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...1. Ecosystems and How They Work - Sustainable Development In this assignment, you will investigate the biotic and abiotic structure and function of an ecosystem. Choose one of the following ecosystems: * Tropical rainforest * Grassland * Coral Reef * Estuary * Desert You will write a two to three page APA-style research paper about your choice of ecosystem including: * Where might this type of ecosystem be located? Give one specific example. * Describe the structure of the ecosystem: List both the abiotic components and biotic components * Describe the function of the ecosystem: How do the abiotic and biotic components interact in biogeochemical cycles? Describe both the carbon and nitrogen cycles * Describe disturbance and recovery: Describe one natural and one human caused disturbance to the ecosystem. Explain the damage to the ecosystem, including how the abiotic and biotic characteristics of the ecosystem changed. * Explain how ecosystems recover naturally ... (More) Ecosystem Definition noun, plural: ecosystems A system that includes all living organisms (biotic factors) in an area as well as its physical environment (abiotic factors) functioning together as a unit. Supplement An ecosystem is made up of plants, animals, microorganisms, soil, rocks, minerals, water sources and the local atmosphere interacting with one another. Word origin: coined in 1930 by Roy Clapham, to denote the physical and biological components...
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...scientific method, evolution and biodiversity, the biology of cells, energy systems, the dynamics of inheritance, and the effect humans have on the environment. The text emphasizes methods and the theoretical foundations of ideas, while minimizing isolated facts. It stresses the integration of ideas, making connections that form our understanding of the living world. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read...
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...Alex Marchino SCI/ 256 4/14/2014 Week 2 Ecosystem Components Paper An ecosystem is a very complex set of relationships among our living resources, habitats, and residents of a selected area. Which consist of plants, animals, fish, trees, birds, water, microorganisms, soil, and people. Lake Mead National Recreation Area (NRA) located in Nevada provides spectacular scenic vistas of Lake Mead and rugged and isolated backcountry. Amazing and drastic physical features include deep canyons, colorful soils, sheer cliffs, distant mountain ranges, dry washes, the lakes, and rock formations and mosaics of different vegetation (National Park Service, 2012). In this essay I will be discussing the major structural and functional dynamics of Lake Mead National Recreation Area (NRA) on Roger Spring and Black Canyon Springs and how the human being have affected this ecosystem by interacting with its biogeochemical cycles. I will show how knowing the ecosystem structure and function could help in its management and restoration of the ecosystems as well. Black Canyon Spring is located downstream of Hoover Dam. Here, we can find springs of both the thermal (hot) and non-thermal (cold) variety with water temperatures ranging from about 55° to 136° Fahrenheit. Rogers Spring is located on “North Shore Complex” of the Lake Mead National Recreation Area. This area comprises of the terminal discharge areas for the regional carbonate-rock aquifer system from eastern Nevada (National Park...
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...Organism Physiology Paper Bonnie Espanol BIO/101 October 9, 2012 Audrey Stevenson Organism Physiology Organism Physiology is the method in which many diverse living organisms are considered to have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth that can be defined as Evolution. Several organisms have evolved as a result of environmental changes within their habitats. To understand better this paper will examine a diagram of a dolphin and give details about how the dolphin has evolved physiologically and has become adapted to fit the environment. Dolphin Characteristics Dolphins inhabit all oceans and the seven seas; some also inhabit larger river systems. Dolphins are extremely social organism and use communication for the function of hunting, defense, and reproduction. In general a dolphins live pods of up to a dozen individuals. Dolphin pods can emerge temporally forming a superpod the emerging pods may exceed thousands of dolphins. Attachments in pods are not set; interchange is regular. On the other hand, dolphins can generate great social bonds; they will remain with wounded or individuals in poor health, even assisting other dolphins to breathe by bringing them to the surface if required. Dolphins are carnivores their diet consists of fish, squid, octopus, cuttlefish, crabs, shrimps, and lobsters. Dolphins are a food source for sharks, and killer whales. The most dangerous predator for the dolphin is humankind. Man slaughters dolphins...
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...Organism Physiology Paper Samantha Oncher BIO/101 April 11, 2016 Janet Moseley Sanders Organism Physiology Paper In this paper I will be giving a brief overview of the Western gray squirrel (Sciurus griseus) and I’ll describing the environment that the squirrel lives in, as well as explaining the major role the squirrel plays in its environment. I will also be discussing the main functions and structures of the western gray squirrel’s main organs and how the western gray squirrel has evolved physiologically to become suited to the environment around it. The last thing I will be examining is the changes if any that the western gray squirrel would have to face environmentally as well as biologically if transplanted to a significantly different environment. One of three subspecies of native tree squirrels is the western gray squirrel. The western gray squirrel relies on the diverse old growth canopies of pine tree, oak tree, and fir tree forests, for natal dens, food, travel, and protection. The western gray squirrel will usually select larger patches of forested habitat usually away from human habitations. With an average body length of twelve inches and tail length of an additional twelve, the western gray is the largest of the native tree squirrels. This arboreal rodent has white-tipped gray hairs along much of its body and a white underbelly. It is noted for its large feet, pronounced reddish brown ears, and long bushy tail. Western gray squirrels do not hibernate...
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...www.cxc.org Copyright © 2007, by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St Michael BB14038, Barbados CXC A10/U2/07 ii Contents RATIONALE.....................................................................................................................................................1 AIMS ..................................................................................................................................................................1 SKILLS AND ABILITIES TO BE ASSESSED ...............................................................................................2 PRE-REQUISITES OF THE SYLLABUS .......................................................................................................5 STRUCTURE OF THE SYLLABUS ..............................................................................................................5 UNIT 1 : BIOMOLECULES, REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT MODULE 1 : CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ...........................................................7 MODULE 2 : GENETICS, VARIATION AND NATURAL SELECTION ....................... 12 MODULE 3 : REPRODUCTIVE...
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...Biotic Components Kimberly Johnson University of Phoenix SCI/256 Jane Henry April 12, 2011 Biotic Components The purpose of this paper is to select a representative natural ecosystem in or near the Louisiana area such as a preserves or parks that are managed for native species. Once a representative is chosen, the major structural, and functional dynamics (processes) of that ecosystem including how it has changed over time will be explained. Next the subject is to explain how humans may have affected the ecosystem, and in conclusion an explanation of how that ecosystem’s structure and function can help or has helped to develop plans for its management, and restoration. The Nature Conservancy is a nonprofit organization that works in different countries and all 52 states to help safeguard important lands and waters for nature and people. The organization works to keep safe the plants, animals, and land free from decay by protecting the lands, and waters humans, and habitat need to survive. The organization also focuses on leaving a sustainable world for future generations. Clean water is a must for humans, and animals to live. Fresh water ecosystems provide water for plants, and fish for humankind to eat (Gomez, 2008). Not only in Louisiana, but also all around the world, rivers, and lakes are becoming contaminated, and this affects people, animals, and plants. Research shows that possibly by 2025 more than one-third of Earth’s population could...
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...Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research ISSN 0718–1876 Electronic Version VOL 6 / ISSUE 2 / AUGUST 2011 / 31-49 © 2011 Universidad de Talca - Chile This paper is available online at www.jtaer.com DOI: 10.4067/S0718-18762011000200005 A Co-Evolution Model of Competitive Mobile Platforms: Technoeconomic Perspective Perambur Neelakanta1 and Raef Yassin2 Florida Atlantic University, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, 1 neelakan@fau.edu, 2 yassin@fau.edu Received 13 January 2011; received in revised form 10 April 2011; accepted 18 May 2011 Abstract A model depicting competitive technoeconomics of business structures specific to mobile-platforms is developed. The underlying co-evolution of large, competing enterprises of mobile-platforms that face customerchurning due to application-preferences and pricing structures in the deregulated ambient is viewed in the perspectives of nonlinear logistic systems akin to that of biological ecosystems. Relevant considerations are decided by and embodied with several stochastically-interacting subsystems. Hence, the temporal dynamics of competition/co-evolution of known competitors in the mobile-platform market, like Android, Symbian and iPhone is depicted by a novel model posing dichotomy of prey-predator flip-flops in the market; and, an asymptotic projection of ex post computations of underlying technoeconomics into the ex ante region would correspond to futuristic forecasts...
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...Linux and identifies new directions for open source software research. Keywords: Open Source Software, operating systems, technology platforms, Linux, innovation incentives. JEL Classification: L 10, L86, L3 1. 10.1 INTRODUCTION Open source software is an emerging type of software that may fundamentally affect the business and economic features of the software industry. Linux, an open source operating system, has been the prominent example of the potential of the open source movement, competing against Microsoft Windows, the incumbent operating system. 208 Nicholas Economides and Evangelos Katsamkas This chapter analyzes the incentives to invest in application software and an operating system under two different software ecosystems: one based on an open source operating system, such as Linux, and the other based on a proprietary operating system, such as Microsoft Windows. We build a model extending Economides and Katsamakas (2005) to compare the innovation incentives of application developers and operating system developers for Linux and Windows. In our model, firms and...
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