...| Social characteristics of Poverty, Illiteracy and the Civil War in El Salvador: | EL Salvador | | BY: Yvette Rodriguez | | While El Salvador is the smallest nation in Latin America, it has been plagued with a myriad of issues that affect many third world countries. The social issues stem from a long history of violence and government mandated reforms. Civil unrest for decades led to a twelve year civil war, this being the most defining issue in El Salvador’s history. The affects of the war are still present today, such as high poverty rates, illiteracy, high crime rates, and public health concerns. Michael Ring, director of U.S. El Salvador Sister Cities is quoted saying; Since the January 1992 signing of the historic United Nations-sponsored Peace Accords, El Salvador has experienced a series of dramatic changes-some contributing to peace and development, other’s threatening the lives of El Salvador’s majority. The sociological perspective of El Salvador is formed by these effects, as that they are still prevalent today. Conflict and revolution are significant factors in shaping a national consciousness in third world countries; consequently the consciousness of the people of El Salvador is still divided. Externally, the large group of migration to the United States in the last two decades has added to the sometime rocky relationship between the U.S. and El Salvador. Aid from the United States influences current practices in the struggling nation and have...
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...El Salvador, the smallest Central American country, has faced some of great challenges including civil war, gang violence, earthquakes, etc. There has been a lot of violence between gangs in El Salvador. These gangs are called ‘Mara Salvatrucha 13’ and ‘Barrio 18’, and they’ve also been fighting against government forces. As fighting between the two criminal groups has been rising in these recent months, so has the death toll in El Salvador. The gangs are fighting over control & power of the streets. One thing they already have is the fear of the people. Even if the people are not part of the conflict, they do have an important part in it. These indigenous people can’t defend themselves because they fear for their lives & also their relatives. They also live in poorly conditions. After the civil war that happen in 1980-1992, they have been living in extreme poverty. They live off on less than $1 per day in shelters without running water or electricity. They barely have access to health and education services. Violence spreads around El Salvador in both...
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...Online Professor David Markwell Introduction I must say that this assignment has come at a perfect time as I found myself surrounded in History as I toured Pearl Harbor this weekend. I have to admit watching video and listening to some of the survivors take on the events brought me to tears. I was fortunate enough to have my mom on this trip and she gave me some more great family history and explained that her sister was on the island when the attack happened and was able to get back to the mainland 10 days later. I could write 10 pages on what we spoke about the past few days. Our class has made me realize that we speak of history every day even in simple conversations about what we did a year ago or when we were children, the events we witness today is our children’s history and it is made every day. This class has opened my eyes to take a closer and awareness at the things that are happening around us today and in the past. Now that the class is about complete I am not sure how anyone may have negative views on history, no matter what had happened in our history it has been done and we must see it for the positive things we can take from our past. The debate on immigration can be seen and actually felt when traveling to different parts of our country and abroad. Listening to some of the fascinating tales on Hawaiian history it was not that long ago Americans and Europeans were trying to mass populations, mainly military, to Hawaii. The Asian influence came in the...
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...these six countries and the superpower of the United States is the first among these countries. What this free trade agreement does is to create new and strong economic opportunities by opening markets, eliminating tariffs, and reducing barriers to service. The agreement helps to facilitate trade and investment between the participants, as well as promoting and increasing regional integration (Anonymous). DR-CAFTA presents a huge opportunity for Central American countries and the Dominican Republic; as they have the chance to trade with the biggest economy in the world and fortunately boost their economies. II. Description of the Subject DR-CAFTA is a free trade agreement between the United States; five Central American countries, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica; and the Dominican Republic. This free trade agreement opens a new era in trade between the USA and the six countries; and it generates not only...
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...dictatorship; that oddly enough operated in very different ways but the result was the same: One man had full power and control over his state. More specifically this essay will study Venezuela and Chile, Hugo Chavez and Augusto Pinochet, populism and authoritarianism which in a remarkable yet fairly different way narrows it down to the same result: Presidents who made their way to the top and managed to become dictators of their states. Throughout time they way governments have chosen to govern their states has been based on different political ideologies that were shaped over history. This essay will focus particularly on Authoritarianism and Populism. Venezuela had an example of a dictator, which some Venezuelan considered a hero, who based is political career promoting populism as the best way to rule a country. On the other hand you have Chile a country that today remembers the darkest years of their history inflicted by Pinochet an authoritarian that took over power through no democratic mean at all, and forced his way to the top. Firstly becoming familiar with the political ideologies is crucial in being able to compare these two regimes. Populism by definition is: “ a core belief that the institutions of classical liberal democracy, especially legislatures and courts, are anachronistic, inefficient, and inconsistent with the true expression of the people’s will” (Seligson, 2007, p. 82) . In 1 shorts, populism as the title suggests it, is all about the people, what the...
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...Latin America’s history has been an arduous and long struggle in their attempt to break the chains that bound them. Since the conquista, conquering, of their lands during the colonial era, Latin America has been a region plagued with an oppressed poor. There have been people that have been the voice for the poor community in Latin America. These people are specific priest of the Catholic Church, these priests took it upon themselves to go against the status quo and appeal to the poor. These priests quickly became a beacon for the poor because with their guidance the poor were seeing a way out of the despair of poverty. The priest to place this feeling of helping the poor rather than the elite was the Dominican friar, Bartolome De Las Casas. He was the first priest to challenge the crowns of Portugal and Spain, because of their maltreatment to the indigenous people of the New World. In this day and age, the poor still go through a systemic way of oppression; in which the poor stay being the poor and they receive no help from the government and the concept of imperialism is continuously suffocating the poor. Until the archbishops of Latin America got together to discuss what should be their primary focus; out of that meeting the idea that the archbishops of Latin America should direct their energy to the poor was formed. That idea soon evolved into an ideology that came to be called, Liberation Theology. Gustavo Gutiérrez, whom admired the work that Bartolome De Las Casas had done...
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...Country of Honduras – Comparative Economic Analysis The country of Honduras is located in Central America with neighboring countries of Guatemala, El Salvador and Nicaragua. This country is located along the Caribbean Sea although does have western port access to the Pacific Ocean through the Gulf of Fonseca, with territorial waters of the gulf divided between Honduras, neighboring El Salvador, and Nicaragua. The country is mostly mountainous which has hindered communication and a sense of nationhood among its people. Development in this country has been extremely slow (National Geographic). The purpose of this analysis is to determine specific areas in need of economic improvement, and to make recommendations towards that overall economic condition of the Honduran economy. Historical Legacy and Context: Economically, Honduras ranks as the second poorest nation in the western hemisphere, second only to the country of Haiti. Other statistics report Honduras is the third poorest nation in all of Latin America, ahead of only Nicaragua and Guyana (Cordero). In analyzing a nation’s economy, it is important to look at history, how the country came into existence. Any country’s philosophy towards its economic development will have been influenced by the basic beliefs that have survived since the nation’s inception, so a general background is a logical starting point (Angresano, J.). The original inhabitants of this nation were the indigenous tribes of Central America, most...
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...Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI THƯƠNG COSTA RICA A brief study on public FDI facilitation by means of trade agreements and trade liberalization Nguyen Phuong Khanh Tung Student ID: 0951040062 ------------------------------ Costa Rica: A brief study on public FDI facilitation by means of trade agreements and future political adjustments. Abstract Being probably the most economically-advanced countries within the region of Central America, Costa Rica is a very interesting example of a how a developing country would manage and regulate its economic growth and stability, much thanks to its unique regime to attract and allocate FDI efficiently. Despite having little natural endowments and regional advantages, Costa Rica has ever since been the economic vanguard among the Latin America community for the last past half decade, with remarkable level of development within knowledge-intensive industries. Furthermore, the country’s early acceptance and adoption of various trade liberalization schemes have created a destination that a number of economists have been referring as ‘investment haven’ for exported products and services. The case of Costa Rica, henceforth, is exemplary for developing countries, not only in regard to attracting pure FDI, but also supervising its spillover effects as a means to stimulate the economy. This paper does not quantify in detail the effects, but rather focuses on a sweeping analysis on Costa Rica’s political historical...
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...GENERAL TYPES OF LITERATURE Literature can generally be divided into two types: prose and poetry. Prose consists of those written within the common flow of conversation in sentences and paragraphs, while poetry refers to those expressions in verse, with measure and rhyme, line and stanza and has a more melodious tone. I. Prose There are many types of prose. These include novels, biographies, short stories, contemporary dramas, legends, fables, essays, anecdotes, news and speeches. 1. Novel. This is a long narrative divided into chapters. The events are taken from true-to-life stories and spans a long period of time. There are many characters involved. 2. Short Story. This is a narrative involving one or more characters, one plot, and one single impression. 3. Plays. This is presented in a stage. It is divided into acts and each act has many scenes. 4. Legends. These are fictitious narratives, usually about origins. 5. Fables. These are fictitious and they deal with animals and inanimate things who speak and act like people and their purpose is to enlighten the minds of children to events that can mold their ways and attitudes. 6. Anecdotes. These are merely products of the writer’s imagination and the main aim is to bring out lessons to the reader. 7. Essay. This expresses the viewpoint or opinion of the writer about a particular problem or event. 8. Biography. This deals with the life of a person which may be about himself, his autobiography...
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...prove that Nike is a company 1 that continues to push the boundaries of design and performance, promoting freedom and choice, but these same people leave out the obvious facts that show how this company exploits third world countries by using cheap labor. II. History of Nike Inc. A. Founders B. Co-founding business 2 C. Business Success 3 III. Anti-Nike A. Cheap labor 4 B. Definition of sweatshops 5 C. Locations of sweatshops 6 D. Working conditions 7-8 IV. Nike Defended A. Ruined reputation 9-11 B. Target of organizational protests 12-13 C. Significant progress 14 V. Conclusion 15 1 We all know the slogan, "Just Do It," that Nike developed to sell its products. But just do what? Nike is a company-- young and yet mature--developed and respected by popular athletes both past and present, whose icon remains a "swoosh" printed both large and small on many different forms of apparel. The "swoosh" constitutes a dream of being the best because it is associated with the best. Steve Prefontaine, Michael Jordan, and Tiger Woods are all icons that helped Nike promote its excellence by all three being exceedingly successful in their respective sports ("Our History" ½). Many people can prove that Nike is a company that continues to push the boundaries of design and performance, promoting freedom and choice, but these same people leave out the obvious facts that show how this company exploits third world countries by using cheap labor...
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...is that most AMERICANS don’t know SHIT! about the world, and those who do ignore it, since they don’t have a motive to get involved. Even when Hollywood movies like HOTEL RWANDAH and BLOOD DIAMOND clearly show us what the heck is happening, they are still Hollywood-ized. There is a sad glamorization of those events that causes people to watch films like these and still feel disconnected. Simply put ITS AMOVIE. Although to a Rwandan AMERICAN, it’s more than a movie, for some, those scripts were their bedtime stories, told by parents or grandparents who lived though them. If you asked a Salvadoran American about the Civil War in El Salvador, they would be able to give you a great “new” idea for a film about the events, but when other Americans watch that film, it would NOT be reality. While people, have been exposed to similar stories, histories, ancestral past, they still do not know one another stories, because that was NOT what they were exposed to. KONY 2012, in my opinion, simply exposes us to ONE person in the world who is evil. People know/will know about KONY, NOT because he has weapons of mass destruction, NOT because our government has political and financial interest in the country, but because ONE man was EXPOSED to the dire situation of another. This one man had the means and resources of physically being exposed to the hostility and desperation of a society created by colonizing countries like ourselves. Most of us DON’T. Though with access to the Internet...
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...UNIVERSITY OF NORTHEASTERN PHILIPPINES City of Iriga COLLEGE OF EDUCATION ------------------------------------------------- PHILIPPINE LITERATURE Reviewer (Midterm Examination) LITERARY WORKS IN DIFFERENT PERIODS | AMERICAN REGIME (1898-1941) | 1. EL NUEVO DIA (The New Day) - newspaper | Sergio Osmeña (1900) | 2. EL GRITO DEL PUEBLO (The Call of the Nation) – newspaper | Pascual Poblete (1900) | 3. EL RENACIMIENTO (The Rebirth) – newspaper | Rafael Palma (1901) | 4. KAHAPON, NGAYON, AT BUKAS – play 5. NAPON, NGENI, AT BUKAS (Kapampangan) - play 6. LUHANG TAGALOG - play | Aurelio Tolentino | 7. TANIKALANG GINTO – play | Juan Abad | 8. MALAYA – play | Tomas Remigio | 9. WALANG SUGAT – play | Severino Reyes | 10. A RIZAL (To Rizal) – poem | Cecilio Apostol | 11. CRISALIDAS – book of poems 12.1. INVOCACION A RIZAL (Call to Rizal) – poem | Fernando Ma. Guerrero | 12. REMEMBRANCE AND FORGETFULNESS – debate | Jesus Balmori (Batikuling) | 13. OLVIDO (Forgetfulness) – debate | Manuel Bernabe | 14. BAJO LOS COCOTEROS (Under the Coconut Trees) – book of poems 15.2. ANTE EL MARTIR (Before the Martyr) – poem | Claro M. Recto | 15. EL NIDO (The Nest) – song | Adelina Guerrea | 16. AROMAS DE ENSUEÑO (Scents of Dreams) – book | Isidro Marpori | 17. LA PUNTA DE SALTO (The Place of Origin) – legend | Macario Adriatico | 18. DECALOGO DE PROTECCIONISMO | Pedro Aunario | 19. FLORANTE AT LAURA | Francisco Balagtas...
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...millions of coffee farmers and rural communities. The specialty coffee industry responded by scaling up several sustainable coffee certification programs, including Fair Trade. This study uses household- and community-level research conducted in Nicaragua from 2000 to 2006 to assess the response to the post-1999 coffee crisis. A participatory action research team surveyed 177 households selling into conventional and Fair Trade markets in 2006. In an effort to dialogue with specialty coffee industry and mainstream development agencies, results are framed within the context of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. Findings suggest that households connected to Fair Trade cooperatives experienced several positive impacts in education, infrastructure investment, and monetary savings. However, several important livelihoods insecurities, including low incomes, high emigration, and food insecurity, persisted among all small-scale producers. ´ ´ En diciembre de 2001, los precios del bien de consumo de cafe verde alcanzaron su nivel mas ´ ˜ bajo en 30 anos. Esto ha aumentado la crisis del sustento a...
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...culture is deeply intertwined with the history of this Nation. We live on the same side of the world with the largest Spanish speaking population due to our proximity to Mexico, Central, South America and the Caribbean. So it is important to recognize the contributions of the Hispanic culture as well as other cultures to celebrate and acknowledge how the history, culture, values and traditions of the United States were and continue to be shaped by the make-up of its ever changing population profile. When I started to think about what I would say, it occurred to me that perhaps I should do a little research and review history instead of presuming I know everything about my heritage. I am glad I did because I learned many facts that challenged my own understanding of history. I want to share some of these facts with you today. On September 1968, Congress authorized President Lyndon B. Johnson to proclaim National Hispanic Heritage Week, observed during the week that included Sept. 15 and Sept. 16. The observance was expanded in 1989 by Congress to a month long celebration (Sept. 15 – Oct. 15), America celebrates the culture and traditions of those who trace their roots to Spain, Mexico and the Spanish-speaking nations of Central America, South America and the Caribbean. Sept. 15 was chosen as the starting point for the celebration because it is the anniversary of independence of five Latin American countries: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. In...
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...especially in the developing countries. These theoretical perspectives allow us not only to clarify concepts, to set them in economic and social perspectives, but also to identify recommendations in terms of social policies. For the purposes of this paper, the term development is understood as a social condition within a nation, in which the authentic needs of its population are satisfied by the rational and sustainable use of natural resources and systems. This utilization of natural resources is based on a technology, which respects the cultural features of the population of a given country. This general definition of development includes the specification that social groups have access to organizations, basic services such as education, housing, health services, and nutrition, and above all else, that their cultures and traditions are respected within the social framework of a particular country. In economic terms, the aforementioned definition indicates that for the population of a country, there are employment opportunities, satisfaction -at least- of basic needs, and the achievement of a positive rate of distribution and redistribution of national wealth. In a political sense this definition emphasizes that governmental systems have legitimacy not only in terms of the law, but also in terms of providing social benefits for the majority of the population. (1) 2. Theory of...
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