...difference between the biodiesel and its blended fuels efficiencies. For Jatropha biodiesel and its blended fuels, the exhaust gas temperature increased with increase in power and amount of biodiesel. However, its diesel blends showed reasonable efficiencies, lower smoke, CO2 and CO. Methyl ester of Jatropha offers fuel conservation as well as reduce pollution. The emission constituents are carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbons (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), carbon dioxide (CO2). Key words: performance, emissions, blend fuels, efficiency, and pollution ABBREVIATIONS BTHE Brake thermal effciency BSFC Brake Specific Fuel Consumption BMEP Brake Mean Effective Pressure EGT Exhaust Gas Temperature BSU Bosch Smoke Units MSP Minimum Support Price MPP Minimum Purchase Price CDM Clean Development Mechanism IOC Indian Oil Corporation UBB Uttaranchal Biofuels Board FAME Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Mohd Zaheen Khan is particularly indebted to the Jamia Millia Islamia, Central University for its generous support. He is also grateful to Prof. M.M. Hassan Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia for his kind help...
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...Unit 15 Aircraft Propulsion Technology Outcome 1.1 1) T=m(V0 -V1) m= 1000kg/s T=1000(120-100) V0 =120m/s T=20,000N V1 =100 m/s 2) Total thrust =Thrust of core engine + thrust of fan Thrust = Mass airflow x (bypass velocity – aircraft velocity) + Mass airflow x (exhaust velocity – aircraft velocity) Thrust = 300 x (180-120) + 200 x (220-120) = 300 x 60 + 200 x100 = 1800 + 2000 = 38,000N 3) Cross reference to Unit 17 Gas turbine science outcome 2 assignment 2 Q1 4) Cross reference to Unit 17 Gas turbine science outcome 2 assignment 1 Q1 Outcome 3.2 Materials used in gas turbines have gone through many incremental improvements since the first practical turbines were developed in the 1940s. Most recent efforts have led to improved steel alloys for use in turbine vanes, blades, and inlet blocks. material improvements have led to an increase in rotor life and reliability. Progress in gas turbine material development often came in the form of alternative stainless steel or metal alloys that had improved heat characteristics. Different parts of gas turbines use a variety of alloy metals, including varying quantities of cobalt, nickel, and chromium. In turbine compressors, manufacturers vary in their metals and manufacturing methods, but initial blades are often made with stainless steel because it is strong and easy to machine. Materials in other parts of the turbine have been changed more frequently as the...
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...8/22/2012 Chapter 1 Fundamental Concepts Shensheng Tang, Ph.D. Department of Engineering Technology Missouri Western State University St. Joseph, MO 64507 Email: stang@missouriwestern.edu 1.1 Introduction • Thermodynamics: – the study of energy, heat, work, the properties of media employed, and the processes involved. – the study of the conversion of one form of energy to another. Solar S l energy → electricity l i i Use of solar energy for the heating of water Dr. Tang @ MWSU 1 1 8/22/2012 1.2 Properties of a System • System: – A grouping of matter taken in any convenient or arbitrary manner. – For a design of diesel engine, it is possible to consider the entire engine as a system or a portion of the engine as a system. Property: – A property is an observable characteristic that is determined by the state of a system and, in turn, aids in determining the state of a system. – The condition of a system, described by its position, energy, and so on, is called the state of the system. The system’s properties determine its state. A given state of a system is reproduced when all its properties are the same. • – – Extensive E t i property: the properties that depend on th size and total mass of a t th ti th t d d the i dt t l f system. Intensive property: independent of the size of a system. Examples: pressure, temperature. Specific properties: they are given per unit mass or per defined mass in the system. Dr. Tang @ MWSU 2 ...
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...Beispiel 1 - Investitionsrechnung Anschaffungskosten Grundstück Herstellungskosten Produktionshalle Anschaffungskosten Maschine Zinssatz Alternative (i) AfA Gebäude AfA Maschine Grunderwerbsteuer Grundbucheintragungsgebühr KöSt KESt ESt 1.710 1.850 14.600 5% 3% 1.825 3,5% 1,1% 25% 25% 50% q qs 1,0500 1,0375 t Anschaffung Grundstück Grunderwerbsteuer und Eintragungsgebühr Ausbau Produktionshalle Anschaffung Maschinen Betriebskosten/Instandhaltungskosten Erträge Verkaufserlös Zt AfA Produktionshalle AfA Maschine Betriebskosten/Instandhaltungskosten Erträge Veräußerungsgewinn Bmgl. St Zt+St qs-t (Zt+St)*qs-t KW Veräußerungsgewinn: Veräußerungserlös - Buchwert Grundstück - Buchwert Produktionshalle - Buchwert Maschinen 0 -1.710 -79 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 -1.850 -14.600 -1.200 5.400 -1.789 -16.450 -28 4.200 -56 -1.825 -1.200 5.400 2.320 -580 3.620 0,92902 3.363 -1.200 5.400 4.200 -56 -1.825 -1.200 5.400 2.320 -580 3.620 0,89544 3.242 -1.200 5.400 4.200 -56 -1.825 -1.200 5.400 2.320 -580 3.620 0,86307 3.124 -1.500 5.400 3.900 -56 -1.825 -1.500 5.400 2.020 -505 3.395 0,83188 2.824 -1.500 5.400 3.900 -56 -1.825 -1.500 5.400 2.020 -505 3.395 0,80181 2.722 -1.500 5.400 7.000 10.900 -56 -1.825 -1.500 5.400 72 2.092 -523 10.377 0,77283 8.020 0 0 -1.789 1 -1.789 5.658 -28 7 -16.443 0,96386 -15.849 7.000 -1.789 -1.489 -3.650 72 Beispiel 1 Investition, Finanzierung und Steuern LV 1353 Masterstudium Finanzwirtschaft und Rechnungswesen Wintersemester 2012/13 ...
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...Occupy movement From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This article's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into footnote references. (June 2013) Occupy movement Part of response to the late-2000s financial crisis and subprime mortgage crisis and the impact of the Arab Spring Combination of October 2011 global protests.jpg Worldwide Occupy movement protests on 15 October 2011 Location Worldwide (List of locations) Methods Occupation Non violent protest Civil disobedience Picketing Demonstrations Internet activism General strikes Direct action Arrests/Injuries/Deaths Arrests: 7,700+,[1] Injuries: 400+,[2] Deaths: 32[3][4][5][6][7] The Occupy movement is an international protest movement against social and economic inequality, its primary goal being to make the economic and political relations in all societies less vertically hierarchical and more flatly distributed. Local groups often have different foci, but among the movement's prime concerns is the belief that large corporations and the global financial system control the world in a way that disproportionately benefits a minority, undermines democracy and is unstable.[8][9][10][11] The first Occupy protest to receive wide coverage was Occupy Wall Street in New...
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...T. C. ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ TAŞITLARDA LNG KULLANIMININ DENEYSEL ARAŞTIRILMASI Tezi Hazırlayan Mehmet Ali BEKTUR Tezi Yöneten Doç. Dr. Nafiz KAHRAMAN Makina Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi Ocak 2010 KAYSERİ T. C. ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ TAŞITLARDA LNG KULLANIMININ DENEYSEL ARAŞTIRILMASI Tezi Hazırlayan Mehmet Ali BEKTUR Tezi Yöneten Doç. Dr. Nafiz KAHRAMAN Makina Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi Bu çalışma CryoCan A.Ş. tarafından desteklenmiştir Ocak 2010 KAYSERİ Doç. Dr. Nafiz KAHRAMAN danışmanlığında Mehmet Ali BEKTUR tarafından hazırlanan "Taşıtlarda LNG Kullanımının İrdelenmesi" adlı bu çalışma, jürimiz tarafından Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Makine Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalında Yüksek Lisans tezi olarak kabul edilmiştir. 22/04/2010 Başkan\..0.QÇ-.l)jr...^Q.Jiî2...J(Qhr.QmQ/l Üye :. Af-. :. Av. sS-,. .OrJiÜO- ...AtQ*)öQ. Üye Yed,.. /kf-. JURI : Je^p//.. OjLÂjJi^ ONAY: Bu tezin kabulü, Enstitü Yönetim Kurulununi!35fcs/.2«afcO tarih ve . gpfo f A&.rGÜL. sayılı karan ile onaylanmıştır. XS/.-PST/ÄOttO 5 TEŞEKKÜR "Taşıtlarda LNG Kullanımının Deneysel Araştırılması" konulu tez çalışmasının seçiminde, yürütülmesinde, sonuçlandırılmasında ve sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesinde destek ve yardımlarını esirgemeyen değerli hocam Sayın Doç. Dr. Nafiz Kahraman'a , LNG tankının imalatına her türlü yardımı yapan, maddi ve manevi...
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...LARGE POWER TRANSFORMERS AND THE U.S. ELECTRIC GRID Infrastructure Security and Energy Restoration Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability U.S. Department of Energy April 2014 Update Large Power Transformers and the U.S. Electric Grid This page intentionally left blank. DOE / OE / ISER April 2014 ii Large Power Transformers and the U.S. Electric Grid FOR FURTHER INFORMATION This report was prepared by the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability under the direction of Patricia Hoffman, Assistant Secretary, and William Bryan, Deputy Assistant Secretary. Specific questions about information in this report may be directed to Dr. Kenneth Friedman, Senior Policy Advisor (kenneth.friedman@hq.doe.gov). Tiffany Y. Choi of ICF International contributed to this report. The U.S. Department of Energy would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their contribution to this report: ABB American Transmission Company Bartley, William H., Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company, A member of the Munich Reinsurance Company North American Electrical Reliability Corporation Ontario Power Generation Scott, Daniel U.S. Department of Commerce U.S. Department of Homeland Security U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Cover photo sources: Large power transformer photo: Siemens.com High-voltage transmission lines photo: Utilities-me.com DOE / OE / ISER April 2014 iii Large Power Transformers...
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...miltrimas235Department of the Army Pamphlet 738–751 Logistics Management Functional Users Manual for the Army Maintenance Management System— Aviation (TAMMS-A) Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC 15 March 1999 UNCLASSIFIED SUMMARY of CHANGE DA PAM 738–751 Functional Users Manual for the Army Maintenance Management System— Aviation (TAMMS-A) This revision-o o o Adds an Aircraft Transfer Decision Table (chap 1). Converts the removal/achievement codes back to failure codes (chap 1). Adds procedures for the Unit Level Logistics System-Aviation (chaps 1, 2, 3, and 4). Introduces DA Form 2408-14-1 (Uncorrected Fault Record Aircraft) (chap 2). DA Form 2408-14 (Uncorrected Fault Record) will no longer be used for aviation equipment. Incorporates Standard Army Maintenance System procedures (chap 3). Adds procedures for documentation of component repair at Aviation Intermediate Maintenance and depot levels of maintenance (chap 3). Adds phase maintenance and periodic inspection documentation procedures (chap 3). Adds information on migrating automated DA Form 2410 (Component Removal and Repair/Overhaul Record) data (chap 3). Changes DA Form 2410 and instructions. Therefore, the U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Command’s Guide/Workbook for the DA Form 2410, The Army Maintenance Management System Aviation (TAMMS-A), October 1992, is obsolete (chap 3). Adds instructions for DA Form 2408-16 (Aircraft Component Historical Record) and DA Form 2410 to track aircraft...
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