...Life and culture in Egypt is much different from in America. My father is a first hand witness of this, living in both countries for a long time. He has been through the good and the bad, and has seen the true difference in culture, but also the similarities, though they are thousands of miles apart. From the religion, to the education, all the way to how its ancient history, Egypt is a civilization that differs from America greatly, for better and for worse. My dad’s childhood was different from someone’s childhood in America. A big difference between the two countries is that while Americans do have small chores around the house, Egyptian children bare bigger responsibilities, such as tending to livestock and helping around at a family business. Egypt school systems were much stricter, with punishments being hits with a paddle. Along with this, mid-day lunches were much different from here. Children were usually fed a traditional Egyptian snack; cheese, bread, and cucumbers. Another large lifestyle difference between the two countries is that it’s common for children to roam the streets and stay up during the nights because the day was sometimes too hot to bare....
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...When examining the ancient cultures of Egypt and Mesopotamia, it is vital to observe the distinct similarities between their religious beliefs. Considering the geographic closeness of the two ancient civilizations, Mesopotamia occupying mainly modern day Iraq, centered around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and Egypt which is still located in the region recognized as modern Egypt, centralized around the Nile River, and the overlapping time frame both of these societies occupied, it is not unexpected that Mesopotamia and Egypt would possess similar ideologies. Despite the fact that the political structure of these civilizations differed between Mesopotamia’s unstable collection of city-states and Egypt’s unified monarchy, both societies were comprised a polytheistic philosophy where the Gods reflected a larger, universal system. Furthermore, both ancient civilizations relied on the flooding of their adjacent rivers for survival and these floods manifested within their religious ideologies. Although, the annual flooding of the Nile gave the Egyptians a sense of comfort and satiability surrounding death and was the direct rational of the Egyptians belief that rebirth followed death, the inconsistent flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates left the Mesopotamian people uncertain of the continuity of lives, evident in their harsh God’s and lack of interpretation of what the after-life consists of. Nevertheless, the similarities between the two culture’s religious beliefs are far too comparable...
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...Material culture often plays an important role in providing archaeologists and historians with a better understanding of the peoples and cultures associated with them. These artefacts date back to many thousands years ago however; some of the earliest artefacts can be found in Egypt. Egypt is located in the northeast corner of Africa, spanning to the southwest corner of Asia, while the Nile runs north throughout the entire country. Before the Old Kingdom, Egypt was divided in to Upper and Lower Egypt, Upper Egypt in the South and Lower Egypt in the North. The reason for this is the direction in which the Nile ran, towards the North. The roots of Egyptian civilization date back to over 6000 years ago back to the earliest human settlements along...
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...loyal family such as king, queen, or God. This box that crafted before centuries is called sarcophagus. Sarcophagus comes from Greek words sarx, means “flesh” and phagein, means “to eat”. Mostly, sarcophagus is made from stone. This is because the artisan wanted it to be last long and be memorable. There are a lot of different kinds of sarcophagus that have been made in before centuries. The shape, size, and what specific stone it used to make the sarcophagus are depends on the culture of where it has been made. In University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archeology and Anthropology, there are two examples of sarcophagus with different style and shapes. Those are the Egyptian sarcophagus and Italian sarcophagus. Egyptian sarcophagus displayed on the museum is made from a limestone. This sarcophagus was crafted around 200 – 190 BC. According to the museum, it came from “Ptolemaic culture”. This sarcophagus was crafted by “Pedibast” to honor the third generation of the king in early 30th century. This Egyptian sarcophagus has about “6.5 feet on height, 2 feet width and about 1.5 feet in depth”. The shape is following human body which will leave only a plenty spot once a corpse is put inside. Beneath the man, there is a square box which made as a base of the sculpture so it can be in standing position. It has dark color, almost black, and finely polished. This sarcophagus is still in good condition. It can be looked by the perfect shape of the lid and there is no crack on the polish....
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...Three impressive civilizations, from different time periods, have managed to influence each others cultures through the literature works of poetry; from Ancient Egyptian song: “I Am Your Best Girl”, to the glorious Greek love poems of the beautiful Sappho, and the monotheistic Hebrews Song: “I Am the Rose of Sharon.” Over the course of thousands of years, each of these great civilizations had countless views on poetry; all represented inspiration to their own citizens to become successful in life’s endeavors. All forms of literature, art, scripts and artifacts had a wide effect on these societies. By comparing these key examples of poetry, matters of passion for personal integrity, search for eternal love, admiration for greater quality of life and powerful affection towards dear ones, can give us a better understanding towards the emotional and dignifying experiences each culture portrayed. In the first Love Song: “I Am Your Best Girl,” there are many contrasts between the authors theme of powerful affection towards a beloved and the authors self-definition of ones own society. To start, the author sets a personal tone of desire and devotion to ones beloved. She shows ones worth in the first few lines of a simile “I belong to you like an acre of land which I have planted,” here the poet doesn’t mind becoming a part of mans property, she is deeply devoted to him. Nevertheless, it can also bring meaning into a hard days work of maintaining the land and applying that to her...
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...Export IKEA furniture products to Egypt Instructor: Bonnie Heineman Wolfe MBA 617: Import Export Management Pinarath Sinluksanathip Munkh Orgil Zorigoo Funmi Ogunwale Nasser Madini Samuel Sandeep Trang Huynh December 3, 2012 CONTENT I. Executive Summary II. Introduction III. Product background analysis IV. Egypt Overview V. Barrier to trade of Egypt VI. Market Analysis VII. Marketing Effort VIII. Logistic and Supply Chain analysis 1. Logistic Strength in Egypt: 2. Egypt Facts from Logistics Perspective 3. Creating a Supply Chain and Logistics Strategy a. Determining the Store Location and Capacity b. Transportation and Storage c. Logistic partnerships d. Logistic Enterprise and Measurement 4. Risk Management Plan for Supply Chain and Logistics IX. IKEA Distribution Process to Egypt X. General document requirement for exporting I. Executive Summary IKEA is a home furnishing company with a fully integrated supply chain, including its own industrial groups – Swedwood and Swedspan. The IKEA Group, directly or indirectly, also owns retail centers, always with an IKEA store as unique anchor tenant. The IKEA Group works in four basic areas: range strategy & product development, production, supply and retail. The parent company of the IKEA Group of Companies, INGKA Holding B.V. is owned by Stichting INGKA Foundation in the Netherlands (The case of IKEA...
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...Saqqara Learning about certain ancient cultures can be difficult when there is not a lot of documentation about daily events and actions, as these two aspects of life are the ones that tell us most about the needs and beliefs of a culture. Learning about the needs and beliefs of ancient Egyptian culture brings up these barriers. In order to get an idea of the events and actions that pertained to the needs and beliefs of ancient Egyptians, we can look at certain physical artifacts from the time. Art and everyday objects can explain a lot about the daily events and actions of ancient Egyptians. However, these objects cannot give a thorough explanation about aspects of the culture on their own. In order to make the most out of the interpretation of ancient artifacts, they must be compared to similar artifacts from a culture that is known by the individual conducting the comparison. Finding the similarities and differences between the objects’ appearance and usage can lead to conclusions about the culture as a whole. One aspect of Egyptian culture that can be learned about and analyzed through certain artifacts is the depiction of women, and how women were viewed by other members of ancient Egyptian society. The way women are depicted in art during the times of ancient Egypt, can help show how they perceived in Egyptian culture. In order to gage this perception two similar representations of women from different cultures (one from ancient Egyptian society, and one from Western society...
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...economies, is beginning its transition to a market economy. As a developing nation, Egypt has witnessed several changes in its accounting system during last two decades. This case provides an analysis of the Egyptian accounting system with emphasis on the development of the Egyptian Accounting Standards. In addition, this case makes recommendations for the reformation of the Egyptian accounting system. Keywords: Egypt, International accounting standards, Egyptian accounting standards, Egyptian accounting system, Privatization, Culture The state of accounting, Page 1 Journal of Business Cases and Applications 1. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this case is twofold. The first goal is to present an analysis of the development of the Egyptian accounting system. The second goal is to provide several recommendations to facilitate the Egyptian accounting reformation. Once accounting reformation occurs, Egyptian companies can prepare financial reports that will be of greater benefit than those at present. To Egyptian companies the result will be an increase in foreign investment and funds raised from external sources. With these goals as the objective, Egyptians need to comprehend successful accounting systems and extract that which may be applied to the Egyptian system. The process of accounting reformation in Egypt and the politics of setting standards are the main issues discussed within this case. This case may be used in international accounting courses at both...
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...Week One Overview Why Study the Humanities? As students you are in various degree programs, what does the study of humanities hold for you? Are you really expected to care about any of this? What possible use could it be to you as you move through the various phases of your life and progress in your career? The textbook, The Creative Impulse. Sporre, D.J. 2002, defines the humanities as “those aspects of culture that look into the human spirit.” Study of the humanities traditionally includes the arts, literature, philosophy and history, and within history, the advent of technology and early scientific thought. These subjects contribute to our understanding of what it means to think, to feel, to be motivated to take action and to be human. That still sounds a little distant, doesn’t it? It’s not clear at all what any of this has to do with life as we experience it today. Consider this suggestion; that learning about these people with the strange names who lived in strange places so long ago, will open your eyes to the world around you in ways you never imagined. It will prompt you to think in new ways and to see connections between things you never knew were connected. If a genius is someone who sees connections between things that others do not, it will spark the genius within you. Some would argue that studying the Humanities in today’s cutthroat job market is a luxury we cannot afford to provide to students. The argument follows the lines of practicality...
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...Greek and Egyptian cultures both value strong men, and women who needed their men. However, one difference that the Egyptians and Greeks have in their values is simplicity. The Egyptians favored elaborateness and the Greeks preferred simplicity. Both the Greek and Egyptian cultures value strength in their men. The images of the Greek men show these men in the prime of their abilities. The well muscled bodies depicted in the images show vitality and power that men in their prime have. The image "Theseus and the Amazons" shows strong and militarily powerful men defeating the Amazons. Competition of any kind, athletic or militaristic, was a way for men to prove themselves in Greek society. If a man showed arete he had honor (Burger, 49). Because of the Greek's chase of arete, men had to be strong both physically and intellectually in order to win. When Greek artists depicted men, the only men worthy to make art of were strong men with arete, so looking at the Greek culture, strong men were valued. The Egyptian images two and three show powerful men as well. In image two, showing Nebamum hunting, Nebamum is larger than his wife and servant. He is also closer to the foreground of the image with the other two in the background. Another instance of the man being larger and more forward is with image three. King Ramesses II is much larger than his wife, with Nefertari only coming up to his knee. The king is also more forward on the platform than her as well. Egyptian artists used...
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...that helped to unify Egypt. As far back as 5,500 BC early humans settled the area known as Lower Egypt (the northern section of the Nile) because the Nile such a dependable source of water, transportation, and irrigation which supported agriculture which in turn supported settlements. The unification of the upper and lower Nile (the Nile is one of the few rivers in the world that flows South to North, therefore the “upper” section is actually South and the “lower” section is actually North) to create Ancient Egypt is believed to have taken place around 3150 BC. (“Egyptian History Before & During Roman Rule”, http://www.muhlenberg.edu/library/papyri/egyptian_history.html) The fact that Romans or Greeks were in Egypt does not in itself prove that the Egyptian culture was affected by Rome. To prove that theory I’d like to point to three historical findings that show a definitive Roman influence on the Egyptian way of life. The first historical finding comes in the form of a boat. The Ploion Hellenikon was a style of Nile transport craft which was very different from other Nile vessels of the time. Though the boats both discovered and described vary in size and carrying capacity they are very similar in the fact that they store their...
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...The Ancient Egyptians view of the underworld was very unique and different, especially when compared to the beliefs of modern day religions. The myth “The Death of Osiris” played a major role in their faith in a continued existence after death, their complex funeral rites, and their desire for immortality. This influenced their everyday life and was a prominent role in their myth, religion and culture. The Osiris myth is arguably one of the most well known Egyptian myths to this day. This myth revolves primarily on the death and rebirth Osiris. It shows his transcendence from the primeval king of Egypt to the king of the dead, Osiris. The myth of Osiris is the most influential myth in Ancient Egyptian times due to the significance of Osiris’...
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...ancient Egyptian culture is based on elaborate worship rituals related to death and the afterlife. Egyptians were devoted to their gods and to their pharaohs who were gods on earth. This obsession with higher power is shown very abundantly through Egyptian art. As an artist myself I feel very connected to this form of expression. If I had been born in Ancient Egypt around the year 2000 B.C., I feel like I would most certainly have been an artist of their culture as well because it is part of who I am and who I was born to be. Egyptian art and architecture developed independently and revolved around the concept of immortality. Pharaohs recognized that their nobility and eternal spirit depended greatly on the masons, painters and sculptors they chose to reflect their lives and carry on their legacy. Therefore artisans were treated with great respect and were considered middle class. Respect and a sense of value are very important to me, and had I lived in Egypt during this age they would have been imperative also. Egyptian artisans were instructed in the proper techniques to carry out their work in a very specific genre and style. I believe this is where the challenges would lye for myself. I feel like art is a personal expression and would find it very difficult to conform to a social standard. My personally opinion is that art should be used to express abstract thoughts, religious views, cultural beliefs, life, fantasy and personal beliefs. It seems to me that Egyptian art was...
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...laypeople alike. Mystery surrounds its origins, its religion and its monumental architecture: colossal temples, pyramids and the enormous Sphinx. The Egyptian pyramids are the most famous of all the ancient monuments, the only remaining wonder of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Just as life arose from the waters, the seeds of civilization were first sown along the banks of the Nile. This mighty river, which flows north from the heart of Africa to the Mediterranean Sea, nourished the growth of the pharaonic kingdom. The long, narrow flood plain was a magnet for life, attracting people, animals and plants to its banks. In pre-dynastic times, nomadic hunters settled in the valley and began to grow crops to supplement their food supply. Seen as a gift from the gods, the annual flooding of the river deposited nutrient rich silt over the land, creating ideal conditions for growing wheat, flax and other crops. The first communal project of this fledgling society was the building of irrigation canals for agricultural purposes. The sun was a principal deity whose passage across the sky represented the eternal cycle of birth, death and rebirth. The pharaohs were seen as gods, divine representatives on earth who, through rituals, ensured the continuation of life. After death, they became immortal, joining the gods in the afterworld. The Egyptians also believed that the body and soul were important to human existence, in life and in death. Their funerary practices, such as mummification...
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...Engrained into the culture, mentality, and practices of the ancient Egyptians was their polytheistic religion. Their spiritual concepts and gods’ mythologies and affected how they approached everyday life, but also death. The Egyptians believed that the gods watched over Egypt, could influence its destiny, and were present as physical, worldly forces (David 58). The gods existed with them. In the afterlife, however, the pharaoh and elite would experience them face-to-face to be taken through the underworld to join them (David 58; Silverman 46). Much knowledge of the Egyptian religion comes from remaining funerary texts, primarily consisting of Pyramid Texts, Coffin Texts, and the Book of the Dead (also known as Coming Forth by Day) (Silverman...
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