...Electricity Generation by Hybrid Biomass Power Plant From Waste For Bangladesh Md. Rakibul Islam Monshy Department of Electric Engineering & Computer Science North South University, Dhaka Abstract- Hybrid renewable Biomass Power is becoming popular for remote area power generation applications due to advances in renewable energy technologies and subsequent rise in prices of petroleum products. A hybrid energy system usually consists of two or more renewable energy sources used together to provide increased system efficiency as well as greater balance in energy supply. Hybrid renewable energy systems is one of the most promising applications of renewable energy technologies in remote areas, where the cost of grid extension is prohibitive and the price of fossil fuels increase drastically with the remoteness of the location. It has been demonstrated that hybrid energy systems can significantly reduce the total life-cycle cost of stand-alone power supplies in many situations, while at the same time providing a more reliable supply of electricity through the combination of energy sources. Applications of hybrid systems range from small power supplies for remote households providing electricity for lighting or water pumping and water supply to village electrification for remote communities. Mixed combinations of renewable energy systems are also possible, that is applications where different renewable energy technologies are applied in one location without the systems being...
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...How Electricity Prices are affected by Inflation (A case study of Bangladesh) Introduction: Electricity prices are affected by inflation to increase day by day. Electricity price high is one of the greatest parts of our economic condition in our country. Raising electricity prices tend affect to overall consumer price index. If electricity price high it is also affected our household increase, companies usually chose to pass a those costs to their customers. Inflation: In simple language, inflation means rising prices and it shows the increase in cost of living. In economics, inflation is explained as rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. With the rise in price levels a unit of currency will buy fewer goods and services. As a result, the purchasing power of money will be reduced with inflation. In other words the real value of money will be lost day by day along with inflation. Inflation is measured by the Rate of Inflation or Inflation Rate which is the percentage change in a general price index calculated as an annualized figure. Inflation Negative effects: • Decrease in the real value of money. • Unpredictable inflation rates. • Discourage investment and savings. • Add inefficiencies in the market. • Difficulties with budget and long-term planning for companies. • Hidden tax increase. • Demand of rapid wage increase • Causes Hyperinflations. Inflation Positive...
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...IBRAHIM KHOLILULLAH, DEPT OF AG.FINANCE, BAU MOB: 01718996557) AREAS OF BOGRA DISTRICT Introduction Solar panel refers to a panel designed to absorb the sun's rays as a source of energy for generating electricity. Electricity is the prime mover for the advancement of all economic and industrial activities. About 59% of total population live in rural and isolated areas and most of them have no electricity access. This scenario is more acute in the rural and isolated areas in Bangladesh where only about 25% have electricity access ( Energy Bangla, January, 2014 ). Bangladesh is a semi-tropical region lying in northeastern part of South Asia gets abundant sunlight year round. The average bright sunshine duration in Bangladesh in the dry season is about 7.6 hours a day, and in the monsoon season is about 4.7 hours, Solar energy can be harnessed. So, solar panel technology is advised. A total of 3,00,000 solar panels had been installed in more than 40,000 villages of 456 upazilas of all districts of Bangladesh. Daily on average 44 MW electricity is being produced by these solar panels.( Momotaz and Karim,2012).Now a days solar panel is applied in different aspects such as solar based recharging station ,solar cooking etc. It presents an attractive alternative to conventional electricity such as no monthly bills, no fuel cost, little repair and maintenance costs, easy to install any where etc. The solar panel technology is very effective to illuminate rural households and power other...
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...sources: solar, wind, hydroelectricity, nuclear energy, fossil fuel and so on. A society or civilization cannot survive for a moment without power or energy. So, sufficient energy is the basic foundation for the development of a nation. Daily needs, industries, transportation and communication and so on are governed by energy sufficiency. What is energy? The stored ability to perform work or produce heat comes in many forms-electric, mechanical, or nuclear, among others. This is called energy. Sources of energy: a) Renewable resources: It includes wood, water, and solar. This kind of resources can be produced further. b) Non-renewable resources: It encompasses fossil fuel, natural gas, coal, oil and so on. Questions for the students: Bangladesh is an energy deficit country. Why? Meeting energy demand is the key to...
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...Bangladesh Bangladesh is important to world energy markets because of its large potential natural gas reserves. Bangladesh's location near India, plus southeast Asia, also makes it a potentially important regional energy trading hub. Note: information contained in this report is the best available as of February 2002 and can change. GENERAL BACKGROUND Bangladesh has received more than $30 billion in disbursed grant aid and loans from foreign donors (including the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the U.N. Development Program, the United States, Japan, Saudi Arabia, and Western Europe) since its independence in 1971, but remains one of the poorest and most densely populated countries in the world. Bangladesh historically has run a large trade deficit, which it finances largely through foreign aid and remittances from the many Bangladeshi workers abroad (largely in the Persian Gulf region). Overall, foreign aid provides Bangladesh with around 40% of government revenues and 50% of foreign exchange. The World Trade Organization (WTO) has stated that Bangladesh's main problems include civil unrest and political instability, natural disasters, and inadequate infrastructure. Bangladesh is primarily agricultural (around two-thirds of the labor force and 35% of the gross domestic product -- GDP), although urbanization is proceeding rapidly. This heavy reliance on agriculture makes Bangladesh vulnerable to natural disasters such as cyclones, floods, and droughts, as well...
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...Rampal Coal-Fired Power Plant Who gains, who loses? Moshahida Sultana Ritu WHO does not know that Bangladesh needs more electricity for its economy to grow? Who does not know that every economic opportunity comes with an environmental cost, be it high or low, visible or less visible? But does this knowledge really leave us with no choice when Bangladesh signs three agreements with India to establish a 1320 megawatt coal- fired power plant in Rampal? No. Without answering the question “who pays the cost of environmental degradation and who are the ultimate beneficiaries from building the power plant?” we cannot justify building Rampal power plant. First, setting up Rampal power plant is not going to ensure our energy security; rather it may aggravate our existing problems. The newly formed joint venture company named Bangladesh India Friendship Power Company (BIFPC), with equal ownership of Bangladesh’s BPDB and India’s NTPC, will be a full-fledged commercial venture. A commercial venture with an objective of cost recovery and profit maximization is not a problem that may lead to project failure. Rather, the problem will be visible elsewhere. The source of finance and ownership will matter the most in this type of project’s sustainability. Initially Bangladesh and India will equally share up to 30 percent equity of this mega project. The remaining equity, which may be equivalent to $ 1.2 billion, will be taken as bank loan with help from the NTPC. Repaying the loan...
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...Development, Vol. 2, No. 4, August 2011 An Improved Method to Generate Electricity and Precipitated Silica from Rice Husk: Perspective Bangladesh Arif Md. Waliullah Bhuiyan, Md. Rejwanur Rashid Mojumdar and A K M Kamrul Hasan Abstract— Electricity supply for rural areas, so long, has been a far cry in context of Bangladesh. Realizing this, many organizations along with Bangladesh government are trying to bring renewable energy in a competitive package to meet deficiency. But solar energy, mainly for its inefficiency and high cost, is not having much success in a broader aspect. SHSs are capable to maintain only household demand for 4-6 hours. But for the emergence of small enterprises and to boost the rural economy, energy security at countryside has indispensible role. This paper explores rice husk based biomass plant as an alternate energy source to meet the electricity demand of local enterprises, irrigation and rural households. Since the availability of rice husk is at stake, a mixture of biomass (rice husk & saw dust or rice husk & bamboo dust) instead of using only rice husk as fuel is also proposed for electricity generation. Ash generated from the husk is processed to produce silica and calcium carbonate through silica precipitation method. Demand and market analysis is also done to examine sales potential of products (electricity, silica and calcium carbonate). Index Terms—Biomass gasification, Electricity generation by rice husk, Silica By-product generation, Product utilization ...
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...the capital stock that provides public goods and services. It produces various effects, including those on production activities and quality of life for the households, which saturates the entire society. To meet the present and future demand for infrastructure development, developing and least developed countries like Bangladesh always face scarcity of their own resources. Therefore, to accelerate infrastructure development, the Government has encouraged private sector participation in infrastructure projects. Bangladesh inherited underdeveloped and unevenly distributed infrastructure and transportation networks. Poor and inefficient infrastructure undermined the economic development in the country, and only recently has the government been able to address the problem systematically and channel investments towards expanding its highways, railroads, seaports, and airports. In this term paper I have discussed the past and current situation of the country’s 2 sectors of infrastructure i.e. communication (roads) and Power (solar) sector and their contribution towards the development of our economy. 2. Bangladesh Infrastructure: Power and Communication Bangladesh belongs to the group of countries with the lowest commercial energy consumption per head in the world. The CIA estimated that in 1999 the country produced 12.5 billion kWh, 85 percent of which was produced using gas, 7.0 percent was produced at hydroelectric power plants, and around 8 percent by using liquid fuel. According...
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...Water, energy crisis in Bangladesh How water and electricity scarcity impacts on life and politics. Plus a brief look at the ongoing governmental crisis. Administration of most essential public utilities specially water and electricity is in serious jeopardy in the country, causing untold suffering to the country dwellers. The erratic power supply leads to disruption to smooth water supply to the country dwellers who are reeling from power and water crisis during the ongoing dry season. In the country, people are suffering serious waters crisis due to frequent load shedding, drastic fall in ground water level, insufficient water treatment plants and deep tube wells and the situation is unlikely to improve in coming days unless the government comes up with quick solution. "The situation has started aggravating. If more water treatment plants are not installed, the country people will face severe water shortage," an official of Dhaka WASA said. The official said during the five-year rule of immediate past BNP-Jamaat government, no effort was made to improve this sector The WASA supplies about 160 crore litres of water every day against the demand for over 220 crore litres in the capital and Narayanganj town. As 88 per cent of water is pumped out through 444 deep tube wells from the underground, the water level is falling drastically. Besides, the deep tube wells remain out of order and the condition of water treatment plant at Pagla is not satisfactory. Moreover, severe...
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...Energy Crisis in Bangladesh Short and Long Term Solutions April 30, 2009 Compiled by Shawkat Haider Electricity Generation Worldwide Current production costs : 1.76 cents per kWh for nuclear, 2.47 cents for coal, 6.78 cents for natural gas and 10.26 cents for petroleum. Coal accounts for 39% of global energy World Nuclear Association IAEA. Electricity Generation in Bangladesh Peak demand is catered by: Natural gas Liquid fuel Coal Hydropower 85% 6.76% 5.41% 2.45% Demand from: DESA, DESCO 1800MW REB 2200MW PDB itself 1500MW 1 TCF Coal (37MT) can produce 14000-94000 MW 1 TCF Gas can produce 22000 MW 3.5 barrels of oil = 17000 cubic feet gas = 1780 pound coal (in terms of energy production) Coal Mining Challenges in Bangladesh Khondkar Abdus Saleque, energybangla, April 2009 Solution lies in gas supply, Sharier Khan, The Daily Star Dr. Khalequzzaman, The Daily Star World Nuclear Association Energy Sector Snapshots TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY BPDB IPP SIPP & Rental Present generation capacity Current demand Average generation Maximum generation in history Load shedding Access to electricity Per capita generation Distribution lines (33 KV & below) 5453 MW (105 Unit) 3812 MW (59 Unit) 1330 MW (39 Unit) 311 MW (7 Unit) 4931 MW 5500 MW 3700-3800 MW 4146.9 MW 1000-1500 MW 45% 149 kWh 47,479 Route KM December - 2008 December - 2008 December - 2008 December - 2008 December - 2008 April- 2009 April- 2009 April-2009 April-2009 FY- 2008 FY- 2008 FY-2007 ...
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...BUSINESS PLAN ON SOLAR POWER PLANT “P SQUARE” Submitted To Prepared by Letter of Authorization TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 CHAPTER 1: INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 2 CHAPTER 2: COMPANY OVERVIEW 5 2.1 Mission Statement 5 2.2 Vision Statement 5 2.3 Key Products & Services 5 2.4 Strategic Goals and Objectives 6 2.5 Management 6 CHAPTER 3: INDUSTRY ANALYSIS 7 3.1 Threat of New Entry 7 3.2 Bargaining Power of Buyer 7 3.3 Bargaining Power of Supplier 8 3.4 Degree of Rivalry 8 3.5 Threat of Substitution 9 3.6 Company’s Core Competencies 9 CHAPTER 4: COMPANY ANALYSIS AND PRODUCTION PLAN 10 4.1 Company Analysis 10 4.1.1 Cost Advantage and the Value Chain 11 4.1.2 Differentiation and the Value Chain 12 4.1.3 Technology and the Value Chain 13 4.1.4 Linkages between Value Chain Activities 14 4.1.5 Analyzing Business Unit Interrelationships 14 4.1.6 Outsourcing Value Chain Activities 15 4.1.7 Existing Core Competencies 15 4.1.8 Future Competencies 16 4.2 Production Plan 17 4.2.1 Product/Service Overview 17 4.2.2 Facilities 17 4.2.3 Products and Manufacturing Process 20 4.2.4 Research and Development 20 4.2.5 Quality Assurance 20 CHAPTER 5: STRATEGIC PLANNING 21 5.1 Marketing Environment Analysis 21 5.2 SWOT Analysis 23 5.3 Competitive Advantage 27 5.4 Additional Strategic Consideration 28 5.5 Strategic Group Analysis 29 CHAPTER 6: MARKETING PLAN 31 6.1 Market overview 31 ...
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...ASSIGNMENT ON Date of Submission: 06.08.11 INTRODUCTION This report of Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) aims to assess ADB’s future role and operational strategy in the environment sector and will also provide input to the Country Strategy and Action Plan (CSP). This CEA for 2005-2009 outlines the environmental issues that are most significant to the Bangladesh’s economy. It will also provide background information on the environmental constraints, needs and opportunities in Bangladesh. Over the given period of this strategy document, ADB will be working with the Government of Bangladesh (Gob) for the improvement of the environment sector, wherein this report may be a basis for actions and/or intervention. This work focuses on the aspects of understanding the important features of the Bangladesh environment that need to be essentially understood. The purpose of the report is to present the findings of a review done on the environment sector. The review considered the ongoing and past interventions, legal and policy regimes and finally outlined the outstanding issues facing the sector. Objectives of the study It is well established that the process of land use change leads to the alteration of existing environmental conditions of any area. The specific objectives of the study were: 1. To identify the existing land use pattern of the selected area; 2. To explore the prime causes of land use change and its Effects...
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...Bangladesh Economic Update Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) February 2012 Bangladesh Economic Update Volume 3, No. 2, February 2012 Acknowledgement: Bangladesh Economic Update is an output of the Economic Policy Unit of the Unnayan Onneshan, a multidisciplinary research centre based in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The report is prepared by a team, under the guidance of Rashed Al Mahmud Titumir and Palash Kanti Das. The team comprises Nibedita Roy and A. Z. M. Saleh. © Copyright: Unnayan Onneshan-The Innovators The content of this publication may be reproduced for non-commercial purposes with proper citation (please send output to the address mentioned below). Any other form of reproduction, storage in a retrieval system or transmission by any means for commercial purposes, requires permission from the Unnayan Onneshan-The Innovators. For orders and request please contact: Unnayan Onneshan - The Innovators 16/2, Indira Road, Farmgate Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh Tell: + (880-2) 8158274, 9110636 Fax: + (880-2) 8159135 E-mail: info@unnayan.org Web: www.unnayan.org Bangladesh Economic Update, February 2012 2|P a g e Bangladesh Economic Update Vol. 3, No. 2, February 2012 Economic Policy Unit Unnayan Onneshan 1. INTRODUCTION The current issue of the Bangladesh Economic Update focuses on the magnitude, dynamics, sectoral distribution, and countrywise sources of FDI inflow in the country. The flow of foreign direct investment is of utmost importance in the current backdrop of overall...
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...Analysis of Changing Roles of Bangladesh Bank: Industrialization perspective 1. Introduction The vision of the Bangladesh Bank is to develop continually as a forward looking central bank with competent and committed professionals of high ethical standards, conduct monetary management and financial sector supervision to maintain price stability and financial system robustness, support rapid broad based inclusive economic growth, employment generation and poverty eradication in Bangladesh. The mission is to formulate monetary and credit policies, manage currency issue and regulate payment system, manage foreign exchange reserves and regulate the foreign exchange market, regulate and supervise banks and financial institutions and advise the government on interactions and impacts of fiscal, monetary and other economic policies. Bangladesh Bank maintains an interest rate structure that provides fair return on financial assets, supports growth in the real sector and promotes development of markets in bond and securities. The central bank provides precise prudential regulatory, risk management and disclosure framework to protect solvency and liquidity of individual institutions and stability of the overall financial system, acting as lender of last resort if and when needed. The central bank maintains liquidity conditions and credit policies ensuring adequate credit flows at market driven flexible interest rates for all productive economic activities,...
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...Journal of Social and Development Sciences Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 91-100, Apr 2011 Constraints of Manufacture based Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) Development in Bangladesh 1Business Feroz Ahmed1, *Md. Mizanur Rahman1, Monimul Haque2 Administration Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh 2Department of Finance and Banking, University of Rajshahi *mizanurku03@yahoo.com Abstract: Small and medium enterprises (henceforth, SMEs) play a key role in economic growth and industrial development of a country. They make vital contributions in improving economic and social sectors of a country through stimulating large scale employment, investment, development of indigenous skill and technology, promotion of entrepreneurship and innovativeness, enhancing exports, and also building an industrial base at different scales. SMEs worldwide have been benefited from the combined interactions of forces of product mix, location factors, and market advantages. However, evidences also suggest that there are cases of SME failures. Growth of SMEs is constrained by many factors. Many SMEs occasionally go on growing into large firms. This paper looks for identifying such constraints of manufacture based SME Development in Bangladesh. From the study, it has been identified that, lack of utility facilities, for example, electricity, gas and water, frequent changes of the prices of raw materials as well as shortage of raw materials, political unrest, high interest rate on borrowings, high transportation...
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