...More than 10% mothers continue to smoke cigarettes during pregnancy in spite of the growing health concerns. Maternal cigarette smoking has been associated with several health problems for the newborn including premature birth, fetal growth restriction, respiratory dysfunction, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The developing brain in the fetal stage is highly plastic, flexible, and extremely sensitive to different environmental stressors including tobacco smoke. Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke & nicotine interferes with fetal brain development predisposing the offspring to different neurobehavioral & neuropsychological disorders including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), various motor & sensory deficits, cognitive...
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...CHAPTER III Related Literature Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have earned considerable attention recently as an alternative to smoking tobacco, other group of researchers have become fascinated about the impact on the health of users, effects, and usefulness of it compared to the natural cigarette which has surfaced proposals on whether it is better than conventional cigarettes. At the beginning of the research of Murray Laugesen about whether Electronic cigarettes, he said “Electronic cigarettes, without tobacco, flame or smoke, claim to be cigarette substitutes and to deliver nicotine safely”. In his paper he questioned whether these claims were true, and this is also the groups aim. Many people have pondered on this topic and our group is just one of the many who are pushing to improve the study. As high school students, we are becoming aware of these matters and just like Murray Laugesen who was curious on whether the claims of Electronic Cigarettes are true. The study from the US National Library of Medicine and the National Institute of Health tested the hypothesis on 384 heavy smokers who have frequently tried to quit and tested whether male or females would prefer when they most likely would like to smoke and how it hindered them from stopping their habitual act of smoking. Results show that people who have become dependent on smoking especially when the subject is in a bad mood. They say that a bad mood...
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...Desiree Rusterucci September 30 2012 Research paper Electronic Cigarette What are electronic cigarettes? E-cigarettes are battery-powered devices that heat a liquid nicotine solution in a disposable cartridge and create a vapor that is inhaled. “E-cigarettes are not currently regulated; therefore, there is no way to know if they are safe or effective," Engel said. "They are available in shopping malls and online, and are sold with no age restriction, so they can easily be purchased and used by children and teens." In no way is this safe for kids and from what the FDA has to say proves a lot of why people shouldn’t be using this product. Are Electronic Cigarettes bad for your health? This electronic cigarette is starting to become known all around. This fake cigarette was made in china and transported to the USA. While the FDA has not been able to do any further investigation. They have found that many young people appeal to this new looking way to smoke. “The FDA is concerned about the safety of these products and how they are marketed to the public,” said Margaret A. Hamburg, M.D., commissioner of food and drugs. They are concerned because the product does contain nicotine the FDA believes that it could appeal even to people who do not smoke and thus getting addicted to the nicotine. “The FDA’s Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis analyzed the ingredients in a small sample of cartridges from two leading brands of electronic cigarettes. In one sample, the FDA’s analyses detected...
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...E-‐cigarettes: miracle or menace? Networks, Organizations and Society Introduction The electronic cigarette or ‘e-‐cigarette’ is a rechargeable battery-‐powered device designed to resemble a conventional tobacco cigarette. The e-‐cigarette does not contain tar and the nicotine cartridges seem to be a much safer alternative to traditional cigarettes, which contain a much higher number of notoriously harmful chemicals. Nonetheless, nicotine is addictive and is classified as a poison (Cancer Research UK, 2013). The issue has attracted heated debate, but the question remains: “Should e-‐ cigarettes be classed as general consumer products, tobacco products, medicines or drug-‐delivery devices?” 2 In attempting to answer the above question, this paper discusses the evolution of e-‐ cigarettes through the lenses of technological...
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...The Electronic Cigarette By Sergio Gaxiola Composition I Professor Frawley 13 August 2012 The Electronic Cigarette It is estimated that 400,000 deaths will occur this year in the United States from cigarette smoking. This gruesome statistic tells us that with illegal drugs, alcohol, motor vehicle, suicides and murders combined; cigarette smoking is still the number one contributor. In 1963, Herbert A. Gilbert was not aware of these kinds of statistics, however, he was on the brink of an invention that would revolutionize the way we smoke cigarettes almost fifty years later. The invention of the Electronic Cigarette [also known as the e-cig] was patented in 1963 by Herbert A. Gilbert, “The present invention relates to a smokeless non-tobacco cigarette and has for an object to provide a safe and harmless means for and method of smoking by replacing burning tobacco and paper with heated, moist, flavored air; or by inhaling warm medication into the lungs in case of a respiratory ailment under direction of a physician.” (Electronic Cigarettes, 2009) Unfortunately for Herbert, in the early 1960s cigarette smoking was not yet the threat it has become today. People just didn’t see a need to stop smoking. During the 1950s and 1960s, the Tobacco Company had always marketed towards women; smoking was a sexy thing. As one can see from the photograph, the young lady is beautiful, slender and happy. Throughout the middle of the 1960s big Tobacco Company’s began...
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...the biggest health problems seen throughout the United States. It is estimated that cigarette smoking contributes to around 450,000 deaths every year and cost the U.S. $193 billion annually in direct medical expenses and lost productivity (Porter 2013). Cigarette smoking is an addictive habit and for the majority of smokers is very hard to quit, especially by themselves. It is difficult if one is a non-smoker to grasp and understand the dynamics of the addiction and successful quitting usually requires a significant amount of assistance and support. Nurse practitioners are there to provide professional assistance by helping patients take the appropriate steps and measures to ensure their success in smoking cessation. Difficulty of Smoking Cessation In general, most people who smoke know smoking is bad for their health and can contribute to many other health problems and even death, so why can’t they just quit? If it were that easy there would be significantly less smokers in this country. The problem is not the desire to quit but rather the actual act of stoping smoking for good. The fact of reality is there are plenty of smokers out there who want to quit but just can’t due to the complexity and addictive nature of the habit. The three main components of tobacco smoke include; tar, carbon monoxide and nicotine (McEwen 2014). Most of the health issues that arise from smoking cigarettes are directly linked to tar and carbon monoxide components. Cancers, chronic obstructive...
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...Electronic Cigarette Stop Program Jennabelle Jo Andrews Alexander NUR/598 September 8, 2014 Linda Roan Abstract The Public health Department in Las Vegas Nevada has become concerned with the increasing popularity and use of electronic cigarettes. The consequence of e-cigarette use on the health of the public is uncertain. There is a lack of information, and regulation making it unknown if these products are safe. One of the main concerns is the potential influence on children, and whether or not the use of e-cigarettes will cause them to become addicted to nicotine. Nicotine is known to be addictive, therefore, no matter how safe it can be delivered, the use of addictive materials will cause the user to become accustom to their regular dose which will encourage increasing it. This objective of this project is to implement a school-based education program in elementary, middle, and high schools across Nevada over the next year. Introducing a program at the schools is an opportunity to stop the beginning of nicotine use, thereby eliminating the health concerns associated with it. The research shows that school based programs do have a positive effect on health issues. The CDC notes that most U.S. schools have put in place policies and programs concerning tobacco use ("Centers For Disease Control And Prevention", 2014). This is beneficial because many resources are available to make this program a success. This paper summarizes the steps that can be taken...
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...I wrote a paper for English A111 Written Communication. Thought you all might like to read it. 6 double spaced pages of content and a page of sources. (When I posted the article it didnt transfer the double spacing) 75% of the sources had to be from peer-reviewed articles. Its formatted oddly, and in third person, but thats the way he wanted it. Feel free to point and laugh, its already submitted and graded (got an A) so I can't change it. I had to keep it fairly basic so I didnt get into mods or too deep into the chemistry. Smoking without dying is every smoker’s fondest dream. Simply quitting is much easier said than done and hundreds of thousands of smokers have tried to quit multiple times. Finally there is a viable alternative; electronic cigarettes. Electronic cigarettes enable smokers to avoid the damage combusted tobacco does, yet avoid withdrawals or having to “break the habit”. Electronic cigarette use is one-sixth the cost, doesn’t stink, or stain walls and teeth. Furthermore there are no objectionable smells and can be enjoyed almost anywhere without having to step outside. Users inhale a vaporized propylene glycol liquid that contains nicotine and flavorant, all that’s exhaled is a water vapor. Best of all electronic cigarettes are far healthier and have little or no health drawbacks. Smokers sicken or die from the other chemicals in the smoke not the nicotine (T Powledge, 2004). E-Cigarette liquid is composed of liquid nicotine in a propylene glycol...
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...Policy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/drugpo Research paper Nicotine control: E-cigarettes, smoking and addiction Kirsten Bell a,∗ , Helen Keane b a b Department of Anthropology, 6303 NW Marine Drive, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada School of Sociology, Building 22, Hayden Allen Building, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Background: Over the past year or so, electronic cigarettes, more commonly known as ‘e-cigarettes’, have achieved widespread visibility and growing popularity. These products, which deliver nicotine via an inhaled mist, have caused no small amount of controversy in public health circles, and their rise has been accompanied by energetic debate about their potential harms and benefits. Methods: Interspersed with an analysis of current media coverage on e-cigarettes and the response of mainstream tobacco control and public health to these devices, this article examines the emergence of nicotine as both as an ‘addiction’ and a treatment for addiction. Results: We argue that by delivering nicotine in way that resembles the visual spectacle and bodily pleasures of smoking, but without the harms of combustible tobacco, e-cigarettes highlight the complex status of nicotine as both a poison and remedy in contemporary public health and tobacco control. Conclusion: In consequence, e-cigarettes jeopardize the carefully drawn distinctions between ‘good’...
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...Vaporing H. James Turley Wayland Baptist University Research Writing 3345 Abstract The Electronic Cigarette has turned into a growing trend in recent years as a different option for the tobacco smoker. The more up to date vapor style electronic cigarettes permit the typical tobacco smoker to have a more beneficial distinct option for smoking cigarettes when attempting to secure their nicotine. Being the more up to date item out available in the refined forms of vapor fluid you can discover today, there are numerous wellbeing inquiries that wait in individuals' psyche, some of which incorporate however are not restricted to, what do the specialists say? Is this FDA affirmed? How cans this contrast with the tobacco that is in an ordinary cigarette? Is this direction for living a change that I need to do? In this paper, you can read a few responses to these inquiries to see more about how the electronic cigarette can influence you in both positive and negative ways. Vaporing There is another revelation that is clearing the country in the recent years; the solid substitute for cigarettes, the electronic cigarette. The electronic cigarette or the "e-cigarette" is turning out to be more referred to all through the smoker group as a more advantageous substitute for one who is dependent on nicotine. The electronic cigarette takes out the destructive tar and other unsafe parts of tobacco and conveys the nicotine, however, a vapor to the smoker. Despite the fact that smoking...
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...The Electronic Cigarette, a healthy alternative Tacita Elliott English composition II National American University Abstract The Electronic Cigarette has become a popular in the recent years as a healthy alternative to the tobacco smoker. The newer vapor style electronic cigarettes allow the normal tobacco smoker to have a healthier alternative to smoking cigarettes when trying to acquire their nicotine. Being the newer product out on the market in the refined versions of vapor liquid you can find today, there are many health questions that linger in people’s mind, some of which include but are not limited to, what do the doctors say? Is this FDA approved? How does this compare to the tobacco that is in an everyday cigarette? Is this lifestyle choice a change that I want to do? In this paper you can read several answers to these questions and having that knowledge you can go forward to understand more about how the electronic cigarette can affect you in positive and negative ways. There is a new discovery that is sweeping the nation in the recent years; the healthy substitute for cigarettes, the electronic cigarette. The electronic cigarette or the “e-cigarette” is becoming more and more known throughout the smoker community as a healthier substitute for one who is addicted to nicotine. The electronic cigarette takes out the harmful tar and other harmful aspects of tobacco and delivers the nicotine though a vapor to the smoker. Though smoking in general is bad for your...
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...Critical Analysis Paper: 1 E-CIGARETTE Big tobacco companies are betting on e-cigarettes. Why are tobacco companies investing in a product that will directly compete with their most profitable product, cigarettes? With the use of these analytical frameworks it will help us to better understand this situation. PEST PEST Analysis of Global Trends – 2011-2016 Political * Increased emphasis in healthcare | Economic * Recovering/Growing | Social * Health conscientiousness | Technological * Battery life advances * Material utilization * Portability | Beginning with the PEST Analysis we can get a macro perspective on the trends. There has been a global emphasis on healthier lifestyles and pharmaceutical companies have already taken advantage. As a social trend it is increasingly popular to look good and be healthier. Food industries are staying away from synthetic ingredients and gyms are packed. The economy has slowly recovered and is now growing. With recent advances in cellphones batteries longevity and size has drastically gotten better and more efficient. Technology has made it easier to extract, mold and use material to our benefit. And with all these advances technology has gotten increasing more portable. Next we will analyze the e-Cigarette industry and try to understand why big tobacco companies want to join. Porter’s Six Forces Analysis Porter’s Six Forces Analysis of the E-cigarette Industry | Supplier...
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...Instructions: You must include the Issued at Washington, DC, on September 8, agency name and docket number DOT– OST–2010–XXXX or Regulatory 2011. Identification Number (RIN) for the LaTanya R. Butler, rulemaking at the beginning of your Acting Deputy Committee Management comment. All comments will be posted Officer. without change to http:// [FR Doc. 2011–23634 Filed 9–14–11; 8:45 am] www.regulations.gov, including any BILLING CODE 6450–01–P personal information provided. Privacy Act: Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all comments DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION received in any of our dockets by the name of the individual submitting the Office of the Secretary comment (or signing the comment if submitted on behalf of an association, a 14 CFR Part 252 business, or labor union, etc.). You may [Docket No. DOT–OST–2011–0044] review DOT’s complete Privacy Act statement in the Federal Register RIN 2105–AE06 published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR Smoking of Electronic Cigarettes on 19477–78), or you may...
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...Coronary Heart Disease……………………………………………………… 2. Stroke…………………………………………………………………………. 3. Other Heart Disease………………………………………………………….. C. Effects in Respiratory System…………………………………………………….. 1. Asthma………………………………………………………………………... 2. Irritation of Respiratory Tract………………………………………………… D. Effects in Neurological System……………………………………………………. 1. Dementia………………………………………………………………………. E. Effects During Pregnancy…………………………………………………………. F. Effects to Children…………………………………………………………………. 1. Respiratory Health…………………………………………………………….. 2. Middle Ear Disease……………………………………………………………. 3. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)………………………………………… VI. PREVENTING THE DANGERS OF SECONDHAND SMOKE……………………………. A. Use of Electronic Cigarette……………………………………………………………….. B. Production of Smoking Cessation Aids………………………………………………….. C. Total Smoking...
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...meaning of human ethics has been progressively abused. This study’s central concern is the ethical dilemma plaguing advertisements in Lebanon. It focuses on how Lebanese people, especially the youth, are manipulated and influenced by the ethical digression exposed in advertisements. The three aspects examined were the portrayals of sexual appeals, alcohol and tobacco since they represent the most mistreated issues. The study used an electronic survey consisting of ten questions intended to depict the opinions of Lebanese people on current advertisements. It was found that the male and female participants mutually find present ads to be inappropriate when considering these aspects. Alcohol, tobacco and sexual portrayals pose a concern to the participants rendering them unethical. A general consensus proposed stricter regulatory measures to be taken against such advertisements. Lebanese advertisers must venture for opportunities and methods to publicize ideas and products without submitting them to immoral standards. Further recommendations and research gaps are presented in the study. Introduction: The Ethical Predicament of Advertisements: An in-depth study of publicizing tobacco, alcohol and sexual appeals. Imagine a world where humans are mentally captivated, fed through prescribed tubes and artificial packages and continuously exposed to selected dogmas, images and understandings. A situation seeming unbearable, torturous or even anachronistic, unfortunately describes...
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