...Traditional Litigation System Comparisons and Contrasts With Nontraditional Forms of ADR Steven M. Merkes LAW, 531 September 25, 2012 Andrew Van Ness Traditional Litigation System Comparisons and Contrasts with Nontraditional Forms of ADR Law was intended and foreseen as a way to protect and prohibit people from against unwelcomed intervention from other people, organizations, and society. Law is also intended to stop people from participating or conducting themselves in objectionable actions. The United States legal system has a traditional litigation resolution form of law and a nontraditional judicial dispute resolution. The legal systems of traditional litigation resolution are suit, answer, discovery, trial, or jury. Nontraditional judicial dispute resolution or better known as alternative dispute resolution (ADR) forms are known as mediation, arbitration, negotiation, conciliation, and mini-trial. The paper will consider how the traditional court system and the nontraditional ADR alternatives compare and contrast within the U.S. legal system. Businesses are selecting alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods over traditional legal methods because of more regularity conditions, time, and larger expenses. The traditional litigation legal system is heard in a court of law, and the outcome is determined as winner or loser. The traditional litigation time line is very drawn out. It requires initiating a lawsuit, filing a complaint, waiting for court...
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...EMR Paper LAW/531 October 3, 2011 Rachel Compton Tort Violation Upon reviewing the simulation it is evident Kelly Bates and The Erehwon Reporter were negligent in the publishing of the article claiming Alumina incorporated repeatedly contaminated the waters of Lake Dira. According to Cheeseman (2010), “under the doctrine of unintentional tort, commonly referred to as negligence, a person is liable for harm that is the foreseeable consequence of his or her actions” (p. 80). For instance, when Kelly Bates and The Erehwon Reporter decided to publish the article disparaging the name of Alumina Incorporated they became legally responsible for litigation that resulted from the article getting published. Kelly Bates and The Erehwon Reporter were especially liable for disparagement or trade libel. According to Cheeseman, “business firms rely on their reputation and the quality of their products and services to attract and keep customers. That is why sate unfair-competition laws protect business from disparaging statements made by competitors and others” (p.79). Even though Alumina Incorporated was responsible for violating the Clean Water Act five years earlier, there was no supporting evidence for Kelly Bates claim that the company repeatedly contaminated Lake Dira without restraint. Furthermore, Kelly Bates allegations that Alumina Incorporated exclusively contaminated Lake Dira and caused her daughters leukemia were unjustified. Kelly Bates intention was to use The Erehwon...
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...Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice Volume 7 | Issue 1 Article 2 September 2013 The Legal Implications of Gender Bias in Standardized Testing Katherine Connor Ellen J. Vargyas Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/bglj Recommended Citation Katherine Connor and Ellen J. Vargyas, The Legal Implications of Gender Bias in Standardized Testing, 7 Berkeley Women's L.J. 13 (1992). Available at: http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/bglj/vol7/iss1/2 Link to publisher version (DOI) http://dx.doi.org/ This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals and Related Materials at Berkeley Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice by an authorized administrator of Berkeley Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact jcera@law.berkeley.edu. The Legal Implications of Gender Bias in Standardized Testing Katherine Connort Ellen J. Vargyast TABLE OF CONTENTS I. II. INTRODUCTION ....................................... THE FACTUAL CONTEXT ............................. A. The Scope of the Problem ............................ 1. Post-Secondary Admissions Tests .................. 2. Vocational Aptitude Tests and Interest Inventories. B. Causes of Gender Differences in Test Scores ........... 1. Post-Secondary Admissions Tests .................. 2. Vocational Aptitude Tests and Interest Inventories. C. Validity of the Tests .......................
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...Emerging Markets Review 13 (2012) 516–547 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Emerging Markets Review journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/emr Corporate governance, agency problems and international cross-listings: A defense of the bonding hypothesis☆ G. Andrew Karolyi ⁎ Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University, 348 Sage Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 30 June 2011 Received in revised form 6 August 2012 Accepted 7 August 2012 Available online 17 August 2012 JEL classification: F30 G15 G32 G38 Keywords: Cross-listing Stocks Bonding International financial markets a b s t r a c t Why firms from around the world seek to cross-list their shares on overseas exchanges has intrigued scholars during the past two decades. A general dissatisfaction with the conventional wisdom about investment barriers segmenting global investors and how cross-listings overcome those barriers cleared the way for newer wisdom about informational problems and agency conflicts, and how firms could overcome weaknesses in corporate governance by listing on, and thus “bonding” to, overseas markets with stronger regulatory oversight, stringent reporting and disclosure requirements and investor protections. Critics have challenged the viability of the bonding hypothesis, which I answer in this review. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Cross-listing — also referred...
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...ECONOMIC SURVEY 2014-15 STATISTICAL APPENDIX STATISTICAL APPENDIX : ECONOMIC SURVEY 2014-15 1. National Income and Production 1.1 1.2 1.3 A1 1.3 A2 1.3 B1 1.3 B2 1.4 A 1.4 B 1.5 1.6 1.7 A 1.7 B 1.8 A 1.8 B 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 Gross National Income and Net National Income .................................................................................................. Annual Growth Rates of Gross National Income and Net National Income ...................................................... Gross Value Added at Factor Cost by Industry of Origin (at Constant Prices) ................................................... Gross Value Added at Basic Prices by Industry of Origin (at Constant Prices) ................................................... Gross Value Added at Factor Cost by Industry of Origin (at Current Prices) ...................................................... Gross Value Added at Basic Prices by Industry of Origin (at Current Prices) ...................................................... Annual Growth Rates of Real Gross Value Added at Factor Cost by Industry of Origin (Per cent) ................ Annual Growth Rates of Real Gross Value Added at Basic Prices by Industry of Origin (Per cent) ................ Gross Domestic Saving and Gross Capital Formation (at Current Prices) .......................................................... Gross Domestic...
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...THE INTELLIGENT INVESTOR A BOOK OF PRACTICAL COUNSEL REVISED EDITION B E NJAM I N G RAHAM Updated with New Commentary by Jason Zweig To E.M.G. Through chances various, through all vicissitudes, we make our way. . . . Aeneid Contents Epigraph iii Preface to the Fourth Edition, by Warren E. Buffett viii A Note About Benjamin Graham, by Jason Zweig x Introduction: What This Book Expects to Accomplish COMMENTARY ON THE INTRODUCTION 1. 1 12 35 The Investor and Inflation 47 COMMENTARY ON CHAPTER 2 3. 18 COMMENTARY ON CHAPTER 1 2. Investment versus Speculation: Results to Be Expected by the Intelligent Investor 58 65 COMMENTARY ON CHAPTER 3 4. A Century of Stock-Market History: The Level of Stock Prices in Early 1972 80 General Portfolio Policy: The Defensive Investor 88 COMMENTARY ON CHAPTER 4 5. 101 124 Portfolio Policy for the Enterprising Investor: Negative Approach 133 COMMENTARY ON CHAPTER 6 7. 112 COMMENTARY ON CHAPTER 5 6. The Defensive Investor and Common Stocks 145 iv 155 COMMENTARY ON CHAPTER 7 8. Portfolio Policy for the Enterprising Investor: The Positive Side 179 The Investor and Market Fluctuations 188 v Contents COMMENTARY ON CHAPTER 8 9. Investing in Investment Funds COMMENTARY ON CHAPTER 9 213 226 242 10. The Investor and His Advisers 257 COMMENTARY ON CHAPTER 10 272 11. Security...
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