...Upon the hundredth anniversary of the Pope Leo XIII’s Rerum Novarum, an encyclical entitled Centesimus Annus was written by Pope John Paul in 1991 as the Cold War was coming to an end to promote ideals in accordance with the Catholic social teaching. Centesimus Annus addressed various economic and social issues. Pope John Paul II largely condemns communism and those who impose dictatorship upon others. The document also focuses on justice, particularly of social and economic nature. This includes, but is not limited to, the right to private property, and the right to assemble and form organizations/associations. As previously and extensively addressed in the Rerum Novarum by Pope Leo XIII, these topics are not the sole focus of this encyclical. Consequently, the main points addressed by Pope John Paul II include that of the role of the state in the protection of human rights, and this being true for all citizens. The various topics addressed incorporate the views and opinions of the Catholic Church including justice for the less fortunate, and the defense of human rights. Pope John Paul II states, “When there is question of defending the rights of individuals, the defenseless and the poor have a claim to special consideration. The richer class has many ways of shielding itself, and stands less in need of help from the State; whereas the mass of the poor have no resources of their own to fall back on, and must chiefly depend on the assistance of the State. It is for this reason...
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...Basic Principles of Catholic Social Teaching By Daniel Gannon Gannon.dan@gmail.com Copyright © 2011 Deacon Dan Gannon Introduction The Church’s primary mission is to help man on the path of salvation.[i] The Church’s social teaching is, “an integral part of her evangelizing ministry”[ii], and is theological in nature – viz. “aimed at guiding people’s behavior”.[iii] Thus, the Church’s social doctrine is integral to the life of the Church and her mission. Key principles of the Church’s social doctrine include her evangelization and teaching regarding: the dignity and right to life of the human person – as revealed by God via Divine Revelation, the centrality and preeminence of the family to society, man’s fundamental freedom, the right to labor, just wages and working conditions, the right to own private property in service to the common good, the democratic government model and the right to freedom of religion and to form associations. We will briefly review these basic principles in the context of the Compendium and other Church documents, elucidating their importance in our duty as Catholics to witness Christ’s love in society. The Dignity and Nature of Man in the Image of God – Sources of Social Doctrine The Church’s sacred sources are the origin of her principles on social thought – Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition, as interpreted and promulgated by the Magisterium.[iv] Scriptural principles are innumerable...
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...Pope Leo XIII Pope Leo XIII was born Vincenzo Pecci in Italy in 1810. When he was studying at the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy, he gave a presentation to many bishops about papal judgments, which received much praise and caught the attention of some Vatican officials. This was one of his first steps towards eventually become the Pope. Within ten years of this presentation, Pecci was ordained a priest and named a papal assistant (Bengini). He continued to work his way up in the Church and eventually in 1878, he was elected to be the Pope. He chose the name Leo in honor of Pope Leo XII, whom he admired very much. During his time at the Vatican he became the oldest to ever serve as Pope, holding the title until he passed away at the age of 93 (D’Ambrosio). During his time as the Pope, he made no radical changes to cannon law however he helped to modernize some of the church’s thoughts and beliefs. He saw the issues that people of his time had to deal with and he helped to bring justice to the situations (Bengini). At the time of his papacy, the world was experiencing an industrial revolution. Technology was rapidly changing, which in turn changed the way that people lived. The economy of many nations began to change their focus from agriculture to industry. Factories began production everywhere and employed many men, women, and children. This new trend brought many benefits to society as well as many problems (Stearns). In these factories, people would usually work between...
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...Title: The relationship between the Church and the State Group 7 2A11 I. Abstract The study of this research is to further explain the relevance of the two said unions and how their roles towards developing the welfare of the human person. This study will also explain the foundation and the sole purpose of the political community. The significance of the political community of today can somehow be depressing because some are doing not their jobs right thus creating some issues. This paper will explain the issues on how the church and the state doesn’t come in to terms but we won’t go further into it. Also the explanation of the political authority’s foundation, roles and its rights. They might have the right to lead us into become a better society but God has more dominion over us than them. Also this paper will be presenting different Christian Challenges that will be answered by us personally and as a group. It is concluded that relationship between the church and the state might be bad at the start but what they are doing are for the welfare of the people and seeks to it that the people are able to achieve their ultimate happiness. II. Introduction The Relationship between the Church and the State has been a very intriguing for past centuries. In the Roman Era, Christianity was considered a Jewish Cult and the Christian at that time spent their practice in hiding so that they will not be persecuted by the Romans. It was in the time of Emperor Constantine...
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...THE CATHOLIC CHURCH’S VIEW ON WOMEN Reported by: Martin & Luzong The status of women in the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament) Passages treating women as inferior to men Exodus 1:15-16, the Pharaoh ordered the midwives to kill all Jewish boys at birth, because of the threat that they might pose to the kingdom. "And he said, When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, and see them upon the stools; if it be a son, then ye shall kill him: but if it be a daughter, then she shall live." The girls, being considered less important, were not seen as a threat; they were allowed to live. Deuteronomy 22:23 extends this prohibition to a man sleeping with a woman who is engaged to be married. If a man has an affair with an unmarried woman, the act is not considered adultery. Married men were free to visit prostitutes. A man who committed adultery did not commit a wrongful act against his own wife, but rather against his male neighbor. Numbers 30 describes that a vow taken by a man is binding. But a vow taken by a woman can be nullified by her father, if she is still living in her family of origin, or by her husband, if she is married. • Old testament figures, Virgin Mary, and female disciples of Jesus in the Gospels. • Theologians, abbesses, monarchs, missionaries, mystics, martyrs, scientists, nurses, hospital administrators, educationalists and religious sisters, many of whom have been canonised as Catholic saints • ...
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...Alex Pravat Wednesday, January 7, 2015 Honors English Period 5 MOTM Annotated Bibliography Annotated Bibliography Benigni, Umberto. "Pope Pius X." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 6 Jan. 2015 This website explores Giuseppe Sarto’s life from the time when he was born to when he died in 1914. Through descriptive language and copious details, the author of this biography helped me understand how Sarto got to where he was through the support of his peers. I learned how big of an influence Catholicism was on him and his life. The author is very well-informed, and as a result the details are factual and unbiased. I used many of the facts from this article to write my resume and speech as accurately as possible. "Fondazione Giuseppe Sarto." Fondazione Giuseppe Sarto. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015. This website was among my most helpful sources because it is dedicated to Pope Pius X, and is therefore very well written and has a great number of articles pertaining to his life. Within the website, there are various links that lead to primary as well as secondary sources. I used a couple of primary sources found here as well as the biography to help write my speech. The articles were great and very original, which proved to be a huge help when trying to write an authentic-seeming speech. The only problem with this source is the language in which it is written, Italian. This meant that in order to read the text, I had to use a translator...
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...Discuss the relationship between at least TWO of the aspects shown in the diagram below and the way they contribute to Christianity as a living religious tradition The application of Christian ethics is a fundamental practice in an adherent’s life, assisting them in following God’s will. The most important representation of these ethics being used in practice is by the ultimate model of goodness, Jesus Christ. Jesus’ words and actions reflect the key foundations of ethical teachings, such as agape love, compassion, and unity, through which he encouraged adherents to live their lives by through his ministry. The application of these ethical teachings into modern society, was catalyzed by Pope John XXIII. Throughout his 5 year papacy, pope john revolutionized and conformed the tradition into contemporary society in an attempt to reconnect adherents to the original teachings of jesus. In doing so, he contributed to Christianity as a living religious tradition as he encouraged adherents to apply traditional values of Christianity, towards issues that are prominent in an ever-changing modern society such as sexuality and its expression. Through following ethical teachings as reflected by Jesus’ ministry can be applied to important issues such as sexuality and its expression. By visiting prisons and hospitals, Pope John XXIII reinforces the commandment of love, the golden rule ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’ Prisoners are seen as outcasts of society, however Pope John XXIII understood...
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...Pope Leo XIII Pope Leo XIII was the first pope to try and bring the Roman Catholic Church into harmony with the modern world. He continued the efforts of his predecessor Pius IX to gain independence for the Vatican from Italy. It could be argued that Christianity Survived through Pope Leo XIII because of his political and social work. Pope Leo XIII’s real name was Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci. He was born on March 2, 1810, in Carpineto, Italy. Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci was the sixth of the seven sons of Count Lodovico Pecci. When he was eight he and his brother, Giuseppe were sent to study at the Jesuit school in Viterbo. After Leaving the Jesuit school he took up the study of theology. In 1832 he obtained the doctorate of theology. He then went to the Academy of Noble Ecclesiastics, and started studying canon and civil law at the Sapienza University. He began his career as an official of the civil administration of the Papal States, and was appointed priest in 1837. He was promoted often; in 1840 he was made governor of Perugia. In 1843 he was made Nuncio to Belgium, and Bishop of Perugia in 1846. In 1853, he was made Cardinal. Cardinal Pecci was not in like by the papal court because as nuncio he earned the disapproval of the Metternich. He did, however, prove himself to be a good bishop by creating many practical reforms for his diocese that he would later promote as pope. During the hard years of King Victor Emmanuel’s occupation of the Papal...
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...Response 4 Assignment ENG 100: Getrost For your final response essay assignment, please respond to the papal encyclical Rerum Novarum. This text helps us understand the role of the Catholic Church in establishing the notion of social justice as we understand it today. For this essay, you will return to responding primarily on the ideas of the text, but, of course, your response may still be informed by your analysis of the rhetorical strategies used by Pope Leo XIII. In your response, you might respond to one of the following questions: 1. According to Pope Leo XIII, how can the State promote social justice? What are some duties that it has to the people? Do you agree with these? 2. What is the unique role the Catholic Church plays, according to Pope Leo XIII, in promoting social justice? Do you agree with that role? 3. Why does Pope Leo XIII support private property rights? How can the pursuit of private property support the goals of social justice? 4. How important is the family unit in ensuring a just society according to Pope Leo XII? What should the State do to protect the family unit? Do you agree? 5. What are some elements that are essential to insuring a just contract between the workers and the employers, according to Pope Leo XIII? Do you agree? There are no “right” or “wrong” responses—but be sure that your response is honest, informed, clear, and well-supported (see the original Response Rubric for more information on these...
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...St. Dominic Savio St. Dominic Savio was born in a village of Riva, in Piedmont, northern Italy. He was born on April 2, 1842, and died on March 9, 1957 at the age of 14. His parents were Carlo and Brigitta Savio. He had 9 siblings. Dominic was baptized as Domenico, which means “belonging to God”, and Savio means “wise”. His dad was a blacksmith, and his mom was a seamstress. Although they were very hard working, they were poor. Dominic’s parents tried very hard to give him a Christian upbringing. At the age of four, he was able to pray by himself. He was often found alone praying. He even reminded others to pray. Dominic was a good child. Dominic received his First Holy Communion at the early age of seven with a special permission from the priests. He would rather die than sin. Dominic’s mentor and teacher at the Oratory of St. Francis de Sales was St. John Bosco. He looked up to him, and wanted to learn from him. He was always obedient to his teachers, and chose his friends very carefully. Dominic renewed his First Communion promises at the altar at the age of twelve. John Bosco recorded this, and other incidents that happened for future reference. Dominic was very impressed after listening to a talk on sainthood, and decided he would become a saint. He did physical penances like making his bed with small stones and pieces of wood, covering with thin clothing in the winter, and fasting on bread and water. When John Bosco heard of this, they forbade...
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...Home Poetry Book Contest Poetry Book Contest Brick Road Poetry Book Contest Michael Meyerhofer was selected as the winner of the 2010 Brick Road Poetry Book Contest for his manuscript entitled, Damnatio Memoriae. The 4 additional finalists were: Rupert Fike, Lotus Buffet Grey Held, Two-Star General Jamie Thomas, Etch and Blur Toni Thomas, Chosen Jason Schossler, Mud Cakes (scheduled for publication elsewhere) 4 of our finalists, all but Jason Schossler, are scheduled to be published by Brick Road Press. *** The first place winner receives a publication contract with Brick Road Poetry Press and $1000 prize, publication in both print and ebook formats, and 25 copies of the printed book. We may also offer publication contracts to the top finalists. Adhere to all the "general submission" manuscript guidelines. (provided below) Entry fee $25, payable through the online submission manager. If sending hard copy, please include a Check or money order to "Brick Road Poetry Press, Inc." Deadline: November 1, submission accepted starting August 1. Submit via the Brick Road Poetry Press Submission Manager Manuscript Guidelines * Book-length poetry manuscripts only. * Simultaneous submissions accepted, provided we are immediately informed if the manuscript is accepted elsewhere. * Original collection of 50 to 100 pages of poetry, excluding cover page, contents, acknowledgments, etc. * Single sided, single spaced. We prefer no more than one poem...
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...Transmittal letters often accompany reports and inform readers of a report's context. Typically, the letter includes information not found in the report. For example, the letter contains information about the particular project and/or due dates. A Transmittal Letter is a business letter and should be formatted accordingly; that is, you should include the recipient's address, your address, a salutation and closing. Depending on the project, you may also need to include contact information. Always check with your instructor to determine whether or not you should attach a transmittal letter to your report. In Finance, a Letter of Transmittal is a document used by a security holder to accompany certificates surrendered in an exchange or other corporate action. A Letter of Transmittal may also be a distribution list with the recipients of a memo, report or contract. A transmittal letter accompanies a document and explains what the document is, why it should receive the reader's consideration, and what the reader should do with it. A transmittal or cover letter accompanies a larger item, usually a document. The transmittal letter provides the recipient with a specific context in which to place the larger document and simultaneously gives the sender a permanent record of having sent the material. Transmittal letters are usually brief. The first paragraph describes what is being sent and the purpose for sending it. A longer transmittal letter may summarize key elements...
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...four chapters of coursework covered in the textbook and three of the assignments identified on the on-line WebCT page. The course of instruction is now 37.5% complete. Work Completed The work that has been assigned since the beginning of class, August 20, 2012, has been on time and organized. I have been busy with the work that has been assigned and have been studying to keep up. Assignments The first assignment was the tone assignment, the second was the e-mail assignment, and the third was the business letter assignment. These three assignments are outlined in the table below indicating the date each was due and the grade received. Each of these assignments was submitted before the due date and great effort was put into each one as demonstrated by my grades. I am steadily improving and have made a goal to get a 50/50 on an assignment. Assignment |Date Due |Grade | |Tone |August 30, 2012 |40/50 | |E-mail |September 7, 2012 |41/50 | |Business Letter |September 14, 2012 |45/50 | | Quizzes The quizzes that have been assigned have been completed on time. The three quizzes completed are outlined in the table below indicating the date due and the grade received. Each of the quizzes that were completed before the due date. I have put much effort into each quiz and I make sure that I dedicate the same amount of studying time for each one. Quizzes |Date Due |Grade | |1 |August 30, 2012 |30/30 | |2...
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...Setting up Lightroom 5 * Click the icon located in the center of the Desktop. * Once open tether the camera to Lightroom 5. Click File > Tethered Capture > Start Tethered Capture (Note: make sure the camera is connected to the usb cable and computer. * The Tethered Capture Settings window will open. I have already set up where it will be save. Just click ok. * You will notice a new pop up. Check to ensure that the camera is noticed. If it isn’t noticed it will look like the screen below. Take a practice shot. You should notice a new photo popped up in the bottom of the screen in the thumbnail section. * Make sure that you are in the Print Module. Located in the top right side of the screen. * Once in the Print Module look at the center left side of the screen. You will see Template browser. Under Users Templates will be the different settings. All of the photo, with the exception of the 8.5 x 11 size prints will be on 5 x 7 paper. * Once you pick the photo size look at the gray screen where the portraits display. On the top left side of the gray screen will be some text that start with Page 1 of 1. Below the Page 1 of 1 text look to see if the paper size is correct for the template you selected. Then look below the size and ensure that the Canon Printer is listed. Note if any other printer is listed, you need to call me. * Once the size is picked, look at the lower right of the screen and click Print. Clicking...
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...COPIER CONFUSION CASE STUDY Abstract The Business Company, Inc., badly needed new copying machines. The company had 20 machines, but they were old and copy quality was poor. They broke down frequently. And to change paper size from 8.5 x 11 in. to legal-size, the user had to remove one paper tray containing 8.5 x 11 in. paper and replace it with a tray containing legal-size paper. Newer machines had two trays, one for each paper size, that permitted changing paper size at the push of a button without changing paper trays. The company’s purchasing agent, thought this would be a labor-saving feature and decided to include it in a specification for purchase of new machines. The copying machine industry called this feature, “dual-cassette” design. John Richards, the company’s purchasing agent, thought this would be a labor-saving feature and decided to include it in a specification for purchase of new machines. The copying machine industry called this feature, “dual-cassette” design. The Business Company issued an invitation for bids for purchase and maintenance of 20 replacement machines. The solicitation included a specification that called for a machine that would permit “copying both 8.5 x 11 in. and legal-size paper without manually changing the paper trays.” The term dual cassette did not appear in the specification. John received bids from several companies, including Copies Incorporated, a reputable manufacturer...
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