...in the English language and speak other than English at home (Greene, 1998). Bilingual education is practiced in several different forms, in many countries, for years. The defined meaning of this idea, is the use of two languages in schools, used by teachers, students, or both, for a variety of purposes, educational or socially. The bilingual education system was first legally introduced by Ohio in 1839, the first state to adopt the bilingual system, although at this time, it authorized German-English instructions. As time raveled, the Bilingual Education Act was finally passed during 1968- during an era when educators and political leaders...
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...Section 1 An English Language Learner is someone whose first language is not English and they are learning it. According to The Glossary of Education Reform there definition of an English Language Learners “Are students who are unable to communicate fluently or learn effectively in English, who often come from non-English- speaking homes and backgrounds, and who typically require specialized or modified instruction in both the English language and in their academic courses.” Section 2 The three strategies that I picked were to emphasize visualization, metacognition, and . Emphasizing visualization is when you create activities for your ELL or class that is mainly based on visual. According to The Sourcebook for Teaching Science, “That math...
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...how understanding specific English language learners' needs guided the choice of instructional strategies to support the content and language learning. It is essential to understand English language learners’ needs because ELL students face the combined challenge of learning all the academic content as other students, while also learning the language of instruction. With the rapid growth in the size of the ELL student population in the U.S., teachers who are effective recognizes ELL students unique academic needs, unique background experience, culture, language, personality, interests and attitudes toward learning for the purpose to adjust, or differentiate, their instruction to meet students’ needs. Explain how the differentiation of tasks or activities supported the English language learners' content learning and language development. Differentiating tasks or activities enables and supports ELL students in many ways. Using differentiated teaching strategies gives ELL students the leverage that is needed to be successful. In the case of the aspects of quantity and quality for example, the same reading task can be assigned to the whole class, but students do not have to do the same number of questions or exercises. The ELL students are given a choice and can choose to do one or more tasks; it is important for them to progress at their own pace and interest. Explain how the differentiation of assessments allowed the English language learners to demonstrate knowledge...
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...Task 1 : 2000 Words report to describe and evaluatehow the student in their professional role, support the ethos and mission statement of their school with particular regard to a specific whole school policy area. TITLE: A report to describe and evaluate how I , in my professional role, support the ethos and mission statement of my school with particular regard of the school’s Language policy. Mission Statement: To provide a rich academic programme A curriculum based on best research evidences and on successful teaching and learning strategies for teaching for children of diverse backgrounds and learning needs. To be a community school A vibrant center for educational, recreational, cultural and social programs for children and adults in an international community which draws upon and contributes to the vitality of the international community through an innovative and focused curriculum. To maintain a unique Professional Development Focus A culture of continuous professional growth for all staff and functions as a “hub” for educators throughout the region to engage them regularly in a wide range of learning opportunities that promote ongoing professional growth. IB LEARNER PROFILE Inquirers They develop their natural curiosity. They acquire the skills necessary to conduct inquiryand research and show independence in learning. They actively enjoy learning and thislove of learning will be sustained throughout their lives. Knowledgeable They explore concepts,...
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...Scenario Analysis Rachel Hammer ELL240: Linguistically & Culturally Diverse Learners (ACV1340A) Instructor: Jessica Vargas November 4, 2013 In today’s classrooms, throughout America, there are a number of students who speak another language other than English. In fact, a majority of our classrooms consists primarily of English language learner students. For these students, interacting and participating in daily tasks, socially and academically, can at times be challenging. This added pressure and stress can wreak havoc for ELLs and can result in feelings of not belonging or loss of identity, their culture, family, or friends. They may also feel they lack the ability to fully express themselves through their native language. As teachers we need to take extra time and effort to understand that these students originate from diverse backgrounds, and some ELL students will have the learning skills that will enable them to pick up the English language at a more rapid pace than others. The reason for this seldom coincides with the student’s intelligence or motivation levels. Instead, we need to consider all the various learning strategies that can potentially help shape ELLs in becoming more confident in learning and speaking English. Throughout this assignment, I will thoroughly identify the different strategies that are presented throughout the classroom scenario, explain whether or not they are effective, describe how instructional input and scaffolding are used to support...
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...This paper concentrates on the observations made during lessons. It also focuses on how learning English for the first time as a language can be taught in a way that would be better and easy to understand. The students that I will deal with are those of grade one and two. Learning activities highly influence on how a student appreciate. Making sure that learning activities are of high quality which can be coupled with situations gives the students’ different perspectives which they can appreciate. They are several relevant skills that are a student is supposed to practice during learning. The skills are clarification, value analysis and problem-solving. The experience which students get during learning are the ones that give the opportunity...
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...linguistics and language pedagogy: The state of the art – and beyond Joybrato Mukherjee Justus Liebig University, Giessen Abstract The present paper provides a selected overview of the state of the art in corpusinformed language pedagogy. Starting off from a general assessment of the impact that the corpus revolution has already had on English language teaching (ELT), the focus of the main part of this paper is on some typical examples of corpus use in three language-pedagogically relevant areas: (1) using corpora for ELT (e.g. producing learner dictionaries); (2) using corpora in the ELT classroom (e.g. in data-driven learning); (3) using learner corpora. With regard to learner corpus research, for example, the paper also sketches out some prospects for future research, e.g. the compilation of local learner corpora. 1 Introduction: the corpus revolution and English language teaching There is general agreement among empirically-oriented linguists that the advent of large, computerised corpora has revolutionised the linguistic description and analysis of the English language. In modern corpus linguistics, not just any group of texts qualifies as a corpus, but it must be "a collection of texts assumed to be representative of a given language, dialect, or other subset of a language" (Francis 1982: 7). Representativeness is a key issue in corpus design because it captures the attempt to compile a database that provides a statistically viable sample of language use in general...
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...печати кафедрой английского языка и МП КГУ им. Ш. Уалиханова, Ученым Советом филологического факультета КГУ им. Ш. Уалиханова, УМС КГУ им. Ш. Уалиханова. Рецензенты: Баяндина С.Ж. доктор филологических наук, профессор, декан филологического факультета КГУ им. Ш. Уалиханова Батаева Ф.А. кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры «Переводческое дело» Кокшетауского университета им. А. Мырзахметова Кожанова К.Т. преподаватель английского языка кафедры гуманитарного цикла ИПК и ПРО Акмолинской области An Outline of British Literature from tradition to post modernism (on specialties 050119 – “Foreign Language: Two Foreign Languages”, 050205 – “Foreign Philology” and 050207 – “Translation”): Учебное пособие / Сост. Немченко Н.Ф. – Кокшетау: Типография КГУ им. Ш. Уалиханова, 2010 – 170 с. ISBN 9965-19-350-9 Пособие представляет собой краткие очерки, характеризующие английскую литературу Великобритании, ее основные направления и тенденции. Все известные направления в литературе иллюстрированы примерами жизни и творчества авторов, вошедших в мировую литературу благодаря особым вкладам в ее развитие. Вторая часть пособия состоит из глоссария и примечаний, дающих необходимые литературоведческие, исторические, лингвистические и философские пояснения. Все права защищены. Любое воспроизведение текста, целиком или частично, без разрешения...
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...No wonder the English language is so very difficult to learn: We polish the Polish furniture. He could lead if he would get the lead out. A farm can produce produce. The dump was so full it had to refuse refuse. The soldier decided to desert in the desert. The present is a good time to present the present to the President. At the Army base, a bass was painted on the head of a bass drum. The dove dove into the bushes. I did not object to the object. The insurance for the invalid was invalid. The bandage was wound around the wound. There was a row among the oarsmen about how to row. They were too close to the door to close it. The buck does funny things when the does are present. They sent a sewer down to stitch the tear in the sewer line. To help with planting, the farmer taught his sow to sow. The wind was too strong to wind the sail. After a number of Novocaine injections, my jaw got number. I shed a tear when I saw the tear in my clothes. I had to subject the subject to a series of tests. How can I intimate this to my most intimate friend? I spent last evening evening out a pile of dirt. Also: There is no egg in eggplant, nor ham in hamburger; neither apple or pine in pineapple. And while no one knows what is in a hotdog, you can be pretty sure it isn't canine. English muffins were not invented in England nor French fries in France. Sweetmeats are candies, while sweetbreads, which aren't sweet, are meat. We take English for granted. But if we explore...
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...The Future of English? A guide to forecasting the popularity of the English language in the 21st century David Graddol First published 1997 © The British Council 1997, 2000 All Rights Reserved This digital edition created by The English Company (UK) Ltd David Graddol hereby asserts and gives notice of his right under section 77 of the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 to be identified as the author of this work. What is this book about? This book is about the English language in of the English language and concludes that forecasting, identifies the patterns which the 21st century: about who will speak it and for what purposes. It is a practical the future is more complex and less predictable than has usually been assumed. underlie typical linguistic change and describes the way large corporations have briefing document, written for educationists, politicians, managers – indeed any decision maker or planning team with a professional interest in the development of English worldwide. The book has been commissioned by the British Council to complement the many texts already available about the teaching and learning of English, the history and used ‘scenario planning’ as a strategy for coping with unpredictable futures. Section three outlines significant global trends which will shape the social and economic world in the 21st century. Section four discusses the impacts these trends are The Future of English? takes stock...
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...Cause & Effect Assignment Teaching English as a Foreign Language in South Korea has been my dream job ever since I was a sophomore in high school and discovered my love for the Korean culture. I knew at the time that wanting to acquire a career such as this one would be quite an undertaking, but I didn’t recognize the fact that a good amount of issues would arise in this field. Within the vast amount of issues that my career offers, there are two issues that I am going to cover: creating respectable environments for English as a Second Language students to learn in, and dealing with the issue of how to teach politeness values or leave them out of the mix while they are learning English. I believe that my strengths of achiever, adaptability, positivity, and self-assurance can help me overcome these issues because they are strengths that directly apply to these specific issues that I am going to have to deal with. The first issue I am going to come in contact with is finding a way to create an environment that is ideal for the Korean students to learn English to the best of their ability. When this career opportunity first started off in the country of Korea, it was taught by American missionaries that only taught it ‘as an avenue for [their] missionary work.’ (Jeong, 2004, p. 1) While they were teaching it for this particular reason, under the impression that the Koreans could then be converted into their faith, they didn’t exactly teach it in a way that is considered right...
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...The Development of the Theory of World Englishes In our modern world there are more non-native speakers of English than native speakers. This is because there is a growing necessity of people to acquire English as a second language for different purposes. As a result of this growing spread of English, new English varieties have risen all over the world. These are commonly called ‘World Englishes’ which suggests the several variations of English spoken in different countries (Seargeant, 2012) As new ‘Englishes’ develop new theories about their formation, similarities and differences arise around the world. English is no longer seen as a unique structure but as a multicultural and plural concept. Hence, the Theory of World Englishes has been developed. According to Seargeant (2012: 6) the theory of World Englishes is “…used to refer to the general discipline that examines the nature and use of English worldwide or of English in globalised contexts”. Thus, it is vital to consider the cultural issues that influence the contexts of those who want to acquire English as a second language. This helps to understand English variations and improves communication in the world. Therefore, this assignment will firstly explain the development of the Theory of World Englishes, then describe its present and future applications and finally evaluate the cultural impacts on speakers of world Englishes. Firstly, it is relevant to provide a clear explanation of the development of the theory of...
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...Wilson, Emily McPeake ENG 1A September 21, 2013 How Is Evolution Killing the English Language? Texting has become one of the most common forms of communication in modern times, especially with the younger generations. As the times and definitions of “modern” continues to change, many people are having troubles coping with this concept and the fact we are and will always continue to evolve. Just as growing up is the human body’s way of changing, language is societies way of changing. There is no set definition of what the English language is supposed to be composed of, forever. The English language is not negatively impacted by texting; it is simply evolving through new forms of communication, entertainment, and learning. Our way of communicating with each other has been transformed with the help or “txtspeak.” It is a very common way of talking, whether it’s in person or through SMS. If we compare what we considered to be the language of English from a few hundred years ago to now, there is an obvious change. As we evolve as a society, everything around us does as well. Abbreviations are being entered into the dictionary and many people are going crazy over it. One of the most common complaints about our overuse of abbreviations is the multiple meaning of them. Humphrys claims that, “as it has developed, its users have sought out increasingly obscure ways of expressing themselves.”(Humphrys, 187) Even though this seems to be true, the trick to figuring out the meaning...
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...Simply defined, linguistics is the scientific study of language. Though various types of language studies (including grammar and rhetoric) can be traced back over 2,500 years, the era of modern linguistics is barely two centuries old. Kicked off by the late-18th-century discovery that many European and Asian languages descended from a common tongue (Proto-Indo-European), modern linguistics was reshaped, first, by Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) and more recently by Noam Chomsky (born 1928). The systematic study of the nature, structure, and variation of language. Major subfields of linguistics include phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and discourse analysis. The founder of modern structural linguistics was Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913), whose most influential work, Course in General Linguistics, was edited by his students and published in 1916. Source: An Introduction to Language by Victoria Fromkin and Robert Rodman, 6th Ed.) Part One: Introduction to Linguistics Every human knows at least one language, spoken or signed. Linguistics is the science of language, including the sounds, words, and grammar rules. Words in languages are finite, but sentences are not. It is this creative aspect of human language that sets it apart from animal languages, which are essentially responses to stimuli. The rules of a language, also called grammar, are learned as one acquires a language. These rules include phonology, the sound system, morphology, the...
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...5中国小学语文教材与新加坡小学华文教材深层价值的比较 8 结语 9 参考文献 9 中国与新加坡小学语文教材比较研究 摘要：对于新加坡而言，英语是其共同语与主要教学语言，同时也是很多华族的主要家庭语言。因此，新加坡是华语为大部分华族第二语言的地区，因此新加坡小学语文课程也应与中国的小学语文课程有所区别。但在经过作者的反复比较之后发现，新加坡的小学语文课程总目标与中国小学语文课程总目标如出一辙，除了比较注重普通的语言训练之外，也强调思维技能、品德情意、语文素养与中华文化。因此，本论文将以新加坡小学语文教材中的部分语言现象以及教材的编排为出发点，将其与中国小学语文教材进行了相应比较，并且对二者之间的异同之处进行了浅要分析。 关键词：中国；新加坡；小学语文教材；比较 Abstract: For Singapore, the main teaching medium and its common language are English. In the meanwhile it is also the family language. So Singapore is the district that most of its Chinese residents that use Chinese language as a second language. And there must be some differences between the two Country’s Chinese Curriculum. But after several comparisons, the author found that there is no much difference between the two Countries of its general objective of Chinese Curriculum. They not only put more attentions on the language basic skills training but also lay stress on critical thinking/moral values/Chinese quality and Chinese culture. Therefore, in this dissertation I will analyze part of the language phenomenon in the Singapore Chinese textbook and its arrangement as the starting point. And put them in comparison to find out the similarities and differences. Keywords: China；Singapore；Primary School Chinese Textbook；Comparison 引言...
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