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Metal is a chemical element displaying certain properties by which it has the ability to conduct heat and electricity. The metals comprise about two thirds of the known elements. Some metals, including copper, tin, iron, lead, gold, silver, and mercury, have been around for many years, so long, that they were known to people in ancient times. Copper is probably the oldest known metal, known to humans.
Metals differ so widely in hardness, tensile strength, density, and melting point that a definite line of distinction between them and the nonmetals cannot be drawn. The hardest elemental metal is chromium with the softest being cesium. Most metals are malleable, but gold, silver, copper, tin, and aluminum are extremely so. Some metals exhibiting great tensile strength are copper, iron, and platinum. In the heavy metal category, beginning with the most dense, are osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, tungsten, uranium, tantalum, mercury, hafnium, lead, and silver.
When it comes to industrial uses, the melting points of the metals are important. Tungsten is the hardest metal known to man, and it only melts at extremely high temperatures that reach over 3,300 degrees Celsius, while cesium has a melting point of 28.5 degrees Celsius. The best metallic conductor of electricity is silver. Copper, gold, and aluminum follow in that order. All metals are relatively good conductors of heat with silver, copper, and aluminum at the top of the list. The radioactive metal uranium is used in reactor piles to generate steam and electric power. Plutonium, another radioactive element, is used in nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors as well as in pacemakers.
Although a few metals occur uncombined in nature, the great majority are found combined in their ores. The separation of metals from their ores is called extractive metallurgy. Metals are mixed with each other in definite amounts to

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