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Essay Iii

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Submitted By Rmb2851
Words 1110
Pages 5
Rachel Bowman
Megan Hodgson
ENG 201
1 April 2016
Annotated Bibliography: Ocean Acidification
Research Questions: What is ocean acidification? What are the causes? What are the consequences?
Blackford, Jerry C. "Predicting the Impacts of Ocean Acidification: Challenges from an Ecosystem Perspective." Journal of Marine Systems 60.2-4 (April 2010): 12-18. Science Direct. Web. 23 Mar. 2016. This journal answers all three of my posed research questions. Ocean acidification is marine uptake of carbon dioxide emissions. These emissions can come from two sources, anthropogenic: originating in human activity, and natural causes: respiration, decomposition, etc. The consequences range widely and greatly depend on future rates. There could potentially be changes in composition, size, structure and succession in ecosystems that would then lead to greater consequences, energy flow and resources. In the greater picture food sources and economics could also be a resulting consequence. The journal includes several models that try to predict the future pH of the ocean and the effects each pH will have.
Dupont, S., O. Ortega-martínez, and M. Thorndyke. "Impact of Near-Future Ocean
Acidification on Echinoderms." Ecotoxicology 19.3 (2010): 449-62. ProQuest. Web. 31 Mar. 2016. This article focuses on how severe the issue is. By 2100 carbon dioxide concentrations are predicted to double. The ocean, being a major carbon dioxide sink, absorbs more than half the excess carbon, causing huge impacts on marine life. They will be forced to face conditions that their ancestors never had to. The rapid changes that are happening; one hundred times faster than anything seen in the past hundreds of years, will cause drastic global stresses. There is still much research that needs to be done and in a short time frame. The studies and experiments in this article are based off of echinoderms,

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