...`The election of Andrew Jackson in 1829 and his stubborn support of Indian removal provoked controversy not only in the Indian tribes, but also among the American community. Jackson's refusal to respect the independence of the Cherokee tribe, allowed the state of Georgia to assert its jurisdiction over the Cherokees. With Andrew Jackson's assistance, Indian Removal Act of 1830 was passed which authorized the relocation of eastern Indian tribes to lands west of the Mississippi River. President Andrew Jackson was the main supporter of the removal of Indian tribes in order to give their lands to whites. Cherokee Nation was forced from its land, mainly as a result of the discovery of gold within their territory. Both the white Americans and the Cherokees had various opinions on Indian removal - some opposed and many supported it with a range of different arguments. Insatiable craving for foreign soil remained the primary cause, even though many people believed that the removal of Indians was the only way to save them from the extinction. While the Indians lived in close proximity to whites, they died as a result of...
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...Meherrin Tribe Essay by: Mallory B. The Meherrin tribe of North Carolina is one of eight state recognized Native American North Carolina tribes. They received their state recognition in 1986. The Meherrins have a total of over 900 people in their tribe. The Meherrin people speak Iroquois, along with lots more Native Americans. They are related to the Tuscaroras. The Meherrin and Tuscaroras were neighboring tribes and migrated to New York together in the early 18th century. The Meherrins originally lived in the Piedmont region of Virginia, but then moved south to North Carolina to avoid encroachment from the Anglo-Americans. The Meherrins were also related to the Nottoway Indians and most likely spoke the same language as them. The Meherrin tribal seal depicts two Meherrin tribal seal...
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...Sexuality: Cherokee Marriage Laws in the Nineteenth Century Nineteenth century was a time of social upheaval and enormous political in the Cherokee Nation. Most readers will probably be familiar with the tragedy of the “Trail of Tears " when federal troops Cherokee Indians forced to give up land in Georgia , Alabama , Tennessee and North Caroiina settled in India Territory ( present day Oklahoma ) in 1838-1839 . What may not be widely is known to kill just one of a number of significant changes are experienced by Cherokee Nation in the nineteenth century. The Cherokees radical transformation of political institutions and their legal at the beginning of the century; survivors internal conflicts, which verged on civil war, as a result of the removal policy of the 1830; beyond the American Civil War and its reconstruction as they struggled to combine their slaves into society, and face federal efforts to dismantle the sovereignty of India as the century drew to a close. In many respects, the legal institutions of the nineteenth century Cherokee Nation like those of the United States. The Cherokees split their government into three branches: an executive expressed by the Minister, a judicial body with district and supreme courts and legislatures have created laws for the nation. This article will review some of the laws passed by the legislature of Cherokee governments, especially those related to marriage and sex. In the first half of the nineteenth century, the Cherokee adopted a...
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...Indian Removal Act of 1830 Essay By: Hayden Yackeren Although many people thought the Native Americans were the Americans allies, they weren’t always. They took the side of our enemies during wars that changed history. One war in particular, 620,000 lives were brutally taken from their friends and family, and the Cherokee were a big part of that. Later, we took over their land and told them to stay and abide by our laws, or move to a reservation. Most Indians went to the reservation, which was bigger than where they previously resided, but the Cherokee were a stubborn tribe who didn’t want to do either. The movement to get the Indians out was called the Indian Removal act of 1830. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was justified because the Indians got to keep a majority of their...
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...resources of their lands and provide for their own needs without help from others. Today, there are about 300 federal reservations in the United States largely found west of the Mississippi. There are many environmental issues which have created many tragedies among the American Indians, which have left most of them facing poor living conditions. There is a long history of tragedies among the American Indians starting back in the 1830s. The Trail of Tears, also known as the “death march,” was the first initial tragedy that caught the attention of many historians to this day. The Trail of Tears is known as the enforced relocation and movement of American Indian tribes from southeastern territories of the United States with the Indian Removal Act of 1830 following. This removal included the members of Cherokee, Muscogee, Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw homelands to Indian Territory in eastern parts of the present-day state of Oklahoma. It is said that the term “Trail of Tears” came from the tears of those who experienced the suffering of the marchers, also referring to that the American Indians whom marched in silence. Many American Indians suffered from exposure to...
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...Andrew Jackson: Evil Tyrant or a Hero for the Common Man? Name: _________________________________________________________ Class: ________________ Guiding Question: Our study of Jackson’s presidency will be focused on answering the question: Was Andrew Jackson an evil tyrant who abused presidential power, ruthlessly killed Native Americans and defied the Supreme Court; or was he a proud hero of the common man who sought to bring an end to the power of the wealthy upper class in government? Assignments for the week: You are responsible for reading all of Chapter 12 in the textbook (p. 353-371) by the end of the week. You are also responsible for reviewing this website as homework: http://www.pbs.org/kcet/andrewjackson The Life of Andrew Jackson Video Questions: 1. What incident early in Jackson’s life made him hate the British? Why? 2. Describe Jackson’s early life and social status. 3. List some words that describe Jackson’s character as a young man. 4. What profession (job) did Jackson pursue when he was 18? 5. What happened in Jackson’s first duel? What did it prove about him? 6. Why was Jackson’s marriage controversial? How did this hurt him later? 7. Describe Jackson’s first attempt at serving as a politician in Washington. 8. What happened in Jackson’s second duel? 9. Why did Jackson earn the nickname “Old Hickory”? 10. What was the “Redstick War”? What role did Andrew Jackson play? 11. What did Andrew Jackson do with a young Native American child captured...
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...This essay will talk about “We Shall Remain” epoxide 3 which talks about the trails of tears. The Trail of Tears is not a specific place, rather, it is the journey of those Native Americans who were forced from their homelands in the southeastern United States to Indian Territory, west of the Mississippi. To begin with, The Trail of Tears stays for a champion among the most terrible periods ever. It was the begin of destruction of Indian tribe the Cherokee. The Cherokee lived in what transformed into the United States quite a long while preceding the primary European set foot in the New World. Related to the Iroquois, they had moved to the southern Appalachians from the Great Lakes area. Following t American Revolution and the presentation...
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...A Cherokee finds herself in Oklahoma I am a Cherokee woman my name is Lily, my family and I lived in harmony and peace with the white settlers. Some of them want to live in peace and some just do not accept us. There are White settlers that want to steal our land. My ancestors have been here for many years. Long before these white men ever came over to this land, so why are they trying to take our land away from us? In my land of what they call the State of Georgia, their government refused to accept our Cherokee government. They think there is something they call gold on our land, and that Georgia passed a law to make us give up our land so they could have all the gold in the rivers. It seems that the gold was more desirable to the white settlers than our lives. Mr. Jackson wanted to remove us off the land because he says it’s highly valuable. Maybe, if they had asked we could have shared it. We are not the savages they think we are. Our people did not want to lose this land! We took our case to the government and their court and fought for our land. It did not do much as there were only white people there and most of them will not let us keep our land or they would not have the power to help us. We have our own government so John Ridge and Andrew Jackson had to both make a deal for our land, but it did not go exactly as they said it would. This gave Americans exactly what they had wanted from the Indians. Because they didn’t really have a say over the authority...
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...the forceful expulsion of the five civilized Native tribes, away from their traditional lands and forced migration to new Indian ground which was west of the Mississippi River. These tribes were the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and the Seminoles. When Andrew Jackson was elected president in the year 1828, the Natives soon became a part of the next racial targeting. President Andrew Jackson encouraged the expulsion; the Congress authorized this removal policy set by the president in 1830. The Indian Removal Act was passed on May 28, 1830; they were involuntarily removed from their homes and forced to move west. The Indian Removal Act was defined as swapping the U.S. western area for the...
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...As the 19th century rolled around the notion of Manifest Destiny had been buzzing around in the air. The nation not only thought that they could expand west but that is was their “destiny”. This principal was symbolized as “the western territorial expansion of the united states”. This idea of spreading to the west had been brought about because a few factors. Starting with the Treaty of Ghent which ended the War of 1812, up until the begging of the Civil War. The war of 1812 I believe played a great role in the stereotypes of Native Americans. However the nation was still in a period of ethnic cleansing, keep that in mind. “Soon after Black Hawk’s war, President Andrew Jackson signed into law the Indian Removal Act. This particular piece of...
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...Argument Analysis “Perhaps the most intangible aspect of Native peoples’ existence is compromised within [tribal] stories” (Tsosie 302). In society today we are seeing the growth of other cultures being incorporated into the fashions trends, movies, and in commercial use. The term, “cultural appropriation”, comes into use when discussing the problems Native Americans face in society today. It is defined as “the taking- from a culture that is not one’s own-of intellectual property, cultural expressions or artifacts, history and the ways of knowledge” (Tsosie 310). Cultural appropriation today under the liberal tradition follow these suppositions “if non-Indians want to dress up like Indians and imitate Indian religion, then they should have the freedom to do so” (Tsosie 310). The fight for the right of ownership of cultural rights and property is not only intellectual but political as well. For many years, ethnic groups, especially Native Americans, have been in the fight to have returned what was originally them. They also argue that the portrayal of their culture in movies promote stereotypes about them within society (Tsosie 301). People misuse their clothing, symbols, and religious practices. Other arguments also exist like that “cultural appropriation harms the appropriated community because it interferes with the community’s ability to define itself and established its own identity” (Tsosie 313). In the United States, Native people are protected by “special rights” (Tsosie...
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...Midterm 1 Essay Name: Yitian Zhang Word Count: 933 P.S.: I have trouble accessing (downloading) the presentation slides because I am currently not in the states (I am in Shanghai China right now). That means the only source available to me was the textbook. Sorry if this fail to comply with the requirements. Native American Cultures before European Contact Introduction Before Columbus’s unexpected landfall in 1492, North America has long been untouched by “outsiders”. There were barely any contact or connections between North American cultures and the rest of the world. After 1492, however, people of generations (mostly European colonists) were motivated to come to the “New World”, hoping for the wealth this new-found-land could possibly bestow them. Their encounters with Native American people were therefore inevitable. The Native American people who had resided in the Americas for thousands of years were, to many of the outsiders’ surprise, not some sort of wild “savages”(Boyer et al., p.20). They were comprised of many different communities, or tribes. And the interactions among the tribes were frequent, leading to the fact that the Native American cultures, in general, have formed many common features. The key word to describe the Native American cultures before European contact, if any, can be ‘Equilibrium’. Throughout the history of Native American Indians before 1492, ‘Equilibrium’ had been Native American’s philosophy in dealing with in-tribe, inter-tribe relations...
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...The international community has not legally admonished the United States for genocidal acts against Native Americans, yet it is clear that examples of genocidal acts and crimes against humanity are a well-cited page in U.S. history. Notorious incidents, such as the Trail of Tears, the Sand Creek Massacre, and the massacre of the Yuki of northern California are covered in depth in separate entries in this encyclopedia. More controversial, however, is whether the colonies and the United States participated in genocidal acts as an overall policy toward Native Americans. The Native-American population decrease since the arrival of Spanish explorer Christopher Columbus alone signals the toll colonization and U.S. settlement took on the native population. Scholars estimate that approximately 10 million pre-Columbian Native Americans resided in the present-day United States. That number has since fallen to approximately 2.4 million. While this population decrease cannot be attributed solely to the actions of the U.S. government, they certainly played a key role. In addition to population decrease, Native Americans have also experienced significant cultural and proprietary losses as a result of U.S. governmental actions. The total effect has posed a serious threat to the sustainability of the Native-American people and culture. Ideological Motivations Two conflicting yet equally harmful ideologies significantly influenced U.S. dealings with Native Americans. The first sprang from...
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...Tammy Prater Survey of American History I HIST 2010 Spring 2014 “Manifest Destiny and American Territorial Expansion A Brief History with Documents” By Carrie Duncan Manifest Destiny is an event, and a philosophy, that changed how the United States expanded from thirteen colonies into what it is today. The term, Manifest Destiny, was first used in 1845 by John O'Sullivan, to give explanation for the United States' right of expansion. He stated that"...the right of our manifest destiny to over spread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and federaltive development of self government entrusted to us. It is right such as that of the tree to the space of air and the earth suitable for the full expansion of its principle and destiny of growth." 1 The principle behind Manifest Destiny has been around since Christopher Columbus first discovered the Caribbean. Many years after Columbus' discovery of the New World, Europe and Mexico were wanting to expand, and control new territories in North America. This want for new territory, would cause boundary issues and fears to arise soon after the Revolutionary War with the fledgling government of the United States. These boundary issues and fears would help the supporters, who wanted to expand the United States borders, to push for acquiring new territories in...
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...The Presidency of Andrew Jackson – The Rise of Mass Democracy |Andrew Jackson – Biographical snap shot | |-His parents had been immigrants | |-At 14 he fought in the American Revolution | |-Experienced dueling a couple of times | |-War hero (Battle of New Orleans and Indian Wars in Florida) | |-Great ethical man – person life was beyond reproach | |-A lot of integrity | |-Not another guy from the Aristocracy | | | |Practiced law in Tennessee, Jackson had become a wealthy land speculator and slave owner, was first man elected from Tennessee to | |the House of Representatives, and he served briefly in the Senate. A major general in...
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