... Submitted by: Xiayra Mae B. Magtibay 1LM2 Submitted to: Mr. Emmanuel De Leon Abstract This paper will be discussing gender equality through further explanation of Masculism and 3rd Wave Feminism by depending on essays and articles made by 3rd Wave Feminists and the philosophies of Plato. This paper will be pointing out the objectives of Masculism and Feminism and their similarities. This paper will also attempt to explain that the demands of both genders can be met. Defnition of Terms * Masculism: is a movement that advocates for the rights, equality and dignity of the male sex in an egalitarian framework. * Egalitarian: believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities * Feminism: the doctrine advocating social, political, and all other rights of women equal to those of men and an organized movement for the attainment of such rights for women. * Misandrist: a person who hates men * Gender : the state of being male or female * Gender Roles: is a theoretical construct in the social sciences and humanities that refers to a set of social and behavioural norms that, within a specific culture, are widely considered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex. * Gender Equality: is the measurable equal representation of women and men. Gender equality does not imply that women and men are the same, but that they have equal value and should be accorded equal treatment. * Social...
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...utilized in order to attain personal, group and organizational goals. This essay evaluates a case study in which the human resource department of SK Holdings, South Korean company, has been recruiting more men than women, a practice that is common throughout the country. This essay finds that the HRM practices in this company do not align with the company’s business strategy, especially during the process of implementation of new technology. The essay further discusses how the hiring of more women would improve the competitive advantage of this company. A recruitment and retention plan for this company targeting women employees is also included. Potential obstacles that the company is likely to face during the process of recruiting more women are examined. Finally, the essay recommends some of the HRM practices that this company could adopt in order to the visibility of women employees. 1. How the HRM practices align with the company’s business strategy According to Lorber (2005), the HRM practical model represents effective solutions for issues related to gender inequality in organizations. The model values all people, irrespective of gender, in pursuit of goals within an organization. It stresses the role played by every individual within a given organization and presents equal opportunities for all. Thus, the diversity promoted by HRM model in valuing people helps in the promotion of gender equality, which is in turn associated with accomplishment of goals of an organization...
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...How has feminism attempted to achieve women’s liberation, and has the battle been won? This essay aims to outline how feminism has and continues its attempt to achieve women’s liberation.This essay will reflect the current situation in Europe. The essay begins by describing the first and second wave of feminism, providing an overview of the ideas of some important feminist thinkers and activists. It then introduces the third wave, modern feminism and concludes with some remarks regarding the development of feminism insofar as it affects modern organizations willing to tackle gender inequality. The concept defined as the ‘first wave of feminism’ finds it origins in the mid-nineteenth century, with the ‘suffragettes’—as those pioneers were called—and their struggle to achieve equal political rights. These women’s central aim was to obtain the right to vote, even if that meant they had to protest through various hunger strikes, as they did in London. The ‘second wave of feminism’ focused on ending all forms of sexism, and it fought both psychological and sexual oppression towards women. Among others, Betty Friedan realized that women felt frustrated due to the oppression that came from their perceived role in society, namely that of staying at home. The patriarchal culture started to be criticized by many radical feminists. This second wave was very marked by Simone De Beauvoir and her work, The Second Sex. She believed “one is not born a woman, one becomes one”. Eva Figes wrote...
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...Essay: Evaluate the role of education in society. Consider issue of gender in your response. Also, consider how such factors may impact on a person’s life chances. This essay will examine the role of education in society and an analysis of inequality in relation to Gender. It will discuss briefly education and examine the different theoretical approaches to education followed by an analysis of inequality using information on statistics of inequality in British education in relation to gender and attainment. This essay will Identify and evaluate key policy developments in education provision designed to bridge the gap of gender inequality in British education. The role of education in society has been among the major issues in contemporary sociological and political debate. According to Iannelli and Paterson (2005) education is a major factor that helps determine the jobs and social class positions of individuals in society. As an institution of sociology, education plays a dominant role in transmitting prevalent ideologies of society by providing pupils with the curriculum and hidden curriculum as well as the skills that will prepare them physically, mentally and socially for their life chances (Clark 2005). Educational institutions play a very important role in reducing social inequalities. Over the last century British schools experienced very important changes and moved from a selective system to a comprehensive one in the 1960s and 70s. Much research has shown that the...
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...Homosexuality from a New Perspective Sexuality means many different things to different people, especially sexuality of a homosexual nature. Everyone has their own personal ideologies about sexuality, many of which have been forced on us by mainstream society's portrayal of what of is right or wrong. Bersani's objective is to take these societal sexual idiosyncrasies and turn them upside down to reveal how he feels gay male sex should be. In Bersani's article, Is the Rectum a Grave?, he entertains ideas of the self, sexuality (especially homosexuality), and power. Bersani believes that abolishing the self opens many options sexually and psychologically. He rejects conventional ideologies pertaining to sexuality like gender, identity and inequality but proposes new ways of thinking about sex and ones sexual identity by showing the reader new and unusual ways of viewing homosexuality and sexuality in general. In the article, Bersani discusses "the self" and that it should be eradicated. The following is what Bersani thinks of "the self": It is the self that swells with excitement at the idea of being on top, the self that makes of the inevitable play of thrusts and relinquishments in sex an argument for the natural authority of one sex over the other. This quote displays Bersani's thoughts of how one's self controls the way they have been trained to think. The self is formed through a lifetime's worth of experiences, actions, lessons, and just living in the world...
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...Introduction After Second World War, gender gap in education could be noteworthy issue all over the world (Arnot, 1999). Nowadays, more girls have the opportunity to join higher education, even occupy half of the students. That is to say women’s status has been improved nowadays. Meanwhile, in Britain, it is said it has took part in the “gender parity” in many years. However, according to OECD, compare with other developed countries, Britain is more significant in education gender gap. For this essay, Britain could be typical countries for the subject of gender gap in education. This report will give two positive approaches to improve the Britain’s gender gap in education and evaluate which is more suitable. 2.0 Background There is an obsolete statement that girls have talented in language courses and some art creation while boys are do well in math and science subjects (Sullivan, 2009). So as we have seen that boys graduate from university might work on some science or physical studies while girls could become teachers or nurses because of excellent abilities in communication. According to BBC news, in this era, employers’ organization asks for higher study levels than before which is includes math, physical, chemistry skills. Meanwhile, BBC new also states just nearly third of women struggle on math in university and most of them cannot get good grades as men’s. That is to say, dated subject choice in Britain should be changed to achieve the gender parity. In order to evaluate the...
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...BUSM4176 Introduction to management--Essay Due Date: 11:59PM on October 18, 2013 Student Number: s3428065 Student Name: Shuning Qu Contact Number: 0424698201 Workshop Time: Friday 9:30AM – 10:30AM Tutor Name: Joy Barrett Table of Contents Topic 3 Introduction 4 Gender Equality in Workplace 5 Conclusion: 11 References List: 12 Topic Gender equality in the workplace is still a major issue of concern in many countries, including Australia. What is it that makes this such an apparently impossible issue to resolve? Critically examine the implications, of this gender inequality, for efficient and effective work and management practices in companies today. Introduction Gender inequality issue originates from Christian ideology, which advocates traditional thought of “male superiority to female”. In the workplace, gender inequality causes unequal treatment between male and female employees, such as women are typically more difficult to get promotions than male; they do the same work as male but get paid less than men, they even suffer from other issues such as sexual harassment. Sexual harassment exists in most countries including Australia. As long as the society couldn’t reach to gender equality, people’s human rights will be threatened whether people in the workplace, or anywhere else. This essay introduces the histories and background of gender equality, and further examines the gender equality improvement in Australia, as well as the effects...
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...In what ways does a comparative study accentuate the distinctive contexts of Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? and A Room of One’s Own? A Room of One’s Own (1929) by Virginia Woolf and Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1962) by Edward Albee, when compared, accentuate the difference in values and beliefs that pervaded the context in which they wrote. Woolf’s critical yet creative essay explores truth and gender equality in a period driven by progression and the first wave of feminism. Contrastingly, Albee attempts to confront his audience through satirical dialogue and bombastic characters. Although Albee also explores truth and gender equality, the difference in context allows him to examine the way in which these values have been discarded in the moral decline masked by the American Dream. When paralleled, it is evident that both texts reflect the differences of their context. Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own digs beneath the veneer of social progress to expose the patriarchal values entrenched in society. Woolf first establishes the subjectivity of truth, so that the readers draw their own conclusion as “they observe the limitations, the prejudices, the idiosyncrasies of the speaker.” By making them conscious on the subjectivity of truth, Woolf is forcing the reader to draw their own conclusions on what is logical, rather than accepting the patriarchal beliefs of their context. The anecdotal evidence of the fictitious Mary Seaton’s experience at the British Museum exposes the...
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...Introduction This essay focuses on the hypothesis testing in order to provide sufficient statistic assistance to make decisions associated with location, how to promote, and the pricing strategy. To be more specific, there are many hypothesis testing methods used in the following essay, including one sample t-test, independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, ANOVA and Chi-test to achieve those goals. How much are potential patrons willing to pay for the entrees? Is the $18 amount from the forecasting model correct? [pic] Graph 1: The frequency of the price of evening meal entrée item alone Based on the process of data screening, I personally believe that 60 data are logically inconsistent. 60 data relating to the price of evening meal entrée customers would like to pay amount to 999 dollars, which has a low possibility in reality. In this case, those data should not be included during analysis. In other words, I accept the null hypothesis and conclude that the average price of evening mean entrée is not significantly different from 18 dollars. Ho: μ=18 H1: μ≠ 18 |One-sample statistics | | |N |Mean |Std. Deviation |Std. Error Mean | |What would you expect an average evening meal entree |340 |$18.8353 |$9.82784 |$.53299 | |item alone...
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...and other forms of higher authority. Richard Valencia’s essay, “The Mexican American Struggle for Equal Education Opportunity in Mendez v. Westminster: Helping Pave the Way for Brown v. Board of Education,” Michael S. Kimmel’s essay, “Masculinity as Homophobia,” and the excerpt of Muller v. Oregon demonstrate how negative and positive freedom correlate with one another to ensure that equity trumps injustice. These documents illustrate the strive for justice in regard to education, labor, and gender. People of color will not let this constraint of biological determinism validate the white man’s actions to violate our freedom to justice in this intersectional society where one’s education, sexuality, and gender is used against them to deny them equity. For one, justice is being able to voice one’s opinion to challenge the power of higher authority and grant the individual community the ability to live the life that they envision for themselves and future generations. Education for minorities within America has always been a constant struggle for equity amongst the white community. Equity is in regard to fairness and before equality can be assured everyone has to be treated the same regardless of their background. While equality is about being the same, and everyone involved beings from the very same spot. Understanding this can help society understand that we as a community must ensure equity before we can enjoy equality. The United States was a witness to this testament in regard...
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...This essay has five themes. First, jurisdiction has gender. Whenever power is being allocated between state and federal courts, one must ask not only how women are treated but how the allocation affects our understanding of the problems that belong to women and to men. By drawing jurisdictional lines, polities may also be drawing gender lines. We must probe both the jurisdiction in gender, and the gender in jurisdiction. Second, I counsel against assuming that any particular jurisdiction is necessarily a safe harbor for women's equality. Equality is not an artifact of the level of a court or of a government body but of who has power within it and what their commitments are. Therefore, I am opposed to what I have termed "categorical federalism," to rigid equation of any particular level of governance with a particular set of problems or a particular view of them. Laws are not unidimensional but often affect many aspects of a person's life. Opponents of VAWA who wanted to label it a statute about families and about crime were right to understand that it did implicate family life and street crime. But they were wrong to see the provision in only those terms. VAWA was also about the relationships among violence, commerce, and equal citizenship. But proponents of equal citizenship ought not to assume that national or transnational legislation could ever suffice to alter the material conditions of women's lives. They need to look to state as well as national and international efforts...
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...these movies and novels or is it that they understand and have just been so absorbed into the way society views women and their roles that they just don’t care? These people are falling into the system that continuously puts women lower than men, a system that states that women NEED men in order to survive and attain happiness. They love watching this fantasy where a helpless woman is rescued by her knight in shining armor. The essay titled TWILIGHT and PHILOSOPHY – VAMPIRES, VEGETARIANS AND THE PURSUIT OF IMMORTALITY discusses and analyses some of these issues of gender roles and femininity. Bella is one of the main characters in Twilight, and she truly displays the stereotypical misogynistic view of what a woman should act like. “Bella has no identifiable interests or talents; she is incompetent in the fact of almost every challenge.” (133). This quote sums up Bella’s character throughout all of the novels and movies. She is just an average, clumsy, high school girl but the issue is she has no motivation or desire to be a strong woman. The essay states “Her only areas of skill are cooking and doing laundry, which she does without complaint for her father, who is incompetent in the kitchen in spite of years of living alone” (133). Bella simply accepts her role as a woman, without any questions of why society has...
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...English essay Question: is gender equality ever possible? Question analyze: key words are gender equality, ever, possible. Gender equality is defined as men and women have same rights. Ever is an absolute term. First mean point: it is possible as there are obvious improvement in social area today compare to the past. However, there are improvements does not mean that gender inequality can be totally eliminated. (India gender parity index has improved from 0.464 in 1975 to 0.918 in 2010. ) Second mean point: gender equality is possible as there are measures to protect woman’s rights. However, this is only for those developed country, for those third world countries the sexism still exists, and it is hard to solve due to economic and political problems. Third mean point: the low education level of female in some part of the world make a vicious cycle, thus women unable to gain their rights. (87% of Afghan are illiterate, in India 44.5% of girls are married before the age of 18.) Fourth mean point: it is impossible to eliminate the gender discrimination as it against some races’ religion and culture. (in Africa people believe only women undergoes genital mutilation is pure, and those who does not are less value. In Malaysia, due to their religion, women have to respect their husband and cover most of their bodies. ) Fifth mean point: it is impossible as men and women are born different physically. Women have to give birth to child. In conclusion, gender equality...
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...Establishing Equality and Diversity in a Company Promotion Policy Introduction In this age of globalization and industrialization, the rate of women empowerment is enhancing with rapid leaps and bounds. This concept must be recognized in order to reduce the curse of gender inequality and illiteracy. Racism is still a problem in American corporations; therefore, it prevents some minority applicants from advancing in their companies. Such a situation of gender inequality and diversity is described in this essay. This essay is divided into five parts mainly highlighting the reasons of inequality in the organization that Maria worked for. It identifies the prime reasons for structural discrimination, individual discriminations, and prejudicial attitude. It highlights the reasons Maria is unfairly treated by her supervisor and also the ways to improve her communication. It includes a plan to reduce such type of misconducts within an organization to maintain gender equality and uniqueness in the future. A brief conclusion is presented at the end of this essay. Discussion Evaluation of the Scenario The company that Maria worked for refused to offer her a promotion in spite of ten years of hard work. She was told by her supervisor that this was because of her accent. He expected the employees that communicated directly with customers to speak in unaccented English. “The law forbids discrimination when it comes to any aspect of employment, including hiring, firing...
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...has identified the relationship between patriarchy and gender as crucial to the women¡¦s subordinate position. For two hundred years, patriarchy precluded women from having a legal or political identity and the legislation and attitudes supporting this provided the model for slavery. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries suffrage campaigners succeeded in securing some legal and political rights for women in the UK. By the middle of the 20th century, the emphasis had shifted from suffrage to social and economic equality in the public and private sphere and the women¡¦s movement that sprung up during the 1960s began to argue that women were oppressed by patriarchal structures. Equal status for women of all races, classes, sexualities and abilities - in the 21st century these feminist claims for equality are generally accepted as reasonable principles in western society; yet the contradiction between this principle of equality and the demonstrable inequalities between the sexes that still exist exposes the continuing dominance of male privilege and values throughout society (patriarchy). This essay seeks to move beyond the irrepressible evidence for gender inequality and the division of labour. Rather, it poses the question of gender inequality as it manifests itself as an effect of patriarchy drawing from a theoretical body of work which has been developed so recently that it would have been impossible to write this essay thirty years ago. Feminist Theory and Patriarchy ...
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