...through the incorporation of class and gender discrimination. This photo is an example of physical activity Class discrimination Shoe Inequity in Opportunity? Ahead inequality of condition; (ii) inequality of opportunity Gender discrimintaition Symbolize inequity in power – holding all sports Ahead start why? – inequality of capability. Write a four-page essay based on the photo. In the body of your essay, begin by explaining how the image symbolizes inequity. Next, argue for what you believe to be the ultimate cause/causes of the inequity. Finish off the body of the essay with a brief account of what you think should be done to help resolve the inequity. The body of your essay should make up about three and a half pages. Finally, write a short introductory paragraph in which you briefly describe the circumstances under which you took the photo and state your thesis (in a sentence or two) about the ultimate cause/causes of the inequity, and a short conclusion paragraph in which you emphasize what you believe to be the most important points in the essay. Intro Over time the types of physical activity inequities in sports have become better understood and recognized by our changing society. I took this photo because it captures inequity of ‘condition’ and ‘opportunity’ on a basketball court in the west end of Toronto. IWhile I was there it dawned on me that the ultimate causes of these inequities were class discrimination and the false...
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...How has feminism attempted to achieve women’s liberation, and has the battle been won? This essay aims to outline how feminism has and continues its attempt to achieve women’s liberation.This essay will reflect the current situation in Europe. The essay begins by describing the first and second wave of feminism, providing an overview of the ideas of some important feminist thinkers and activists. It then introduces the third wave, modern feminism and concludes with some remarks regarding the development of feminism insofar as it affects modern organizations willing to tackle gender inequality. The concept defined as the ‘first wave of feminism’ finds it origins in the mid-nineteenth century, with the ‘suffragettes’—as those pioneers were called—and their struggle to achieve equal political rights. These women’s central aim was to obtain the right to vote, even if that meant they had to protest through various hunger strikes, as they did in London. The ‘second wave of feminism’ focused on ending all forms of sexism, and it fought both psychological and sexual oppression towards women. Among others, Betty Friedan realized that women felt frustrated due to the oppression that came from their perceived role in society, namely that of staying at home. The patriarchal culture started to be criticized by many radical feminists. This second wave was very marked by Simone De Beauvoir and her work, The Second Sex. She believed “one is not born a woman, one becomes one”. Eva Figes wrote...
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...Two views on Hijab Hijab: that is, wearing a headscarf as a sign of modesty, a common (but not required) act among Muslim women. What do women who observe hijab really think about hijab in America? This essay will compare two women’s views. The first woman, a blogger identified by the moniker Scarf Ace, expresses her personal struggles with hijab in a blog post titled “Miss or Diss?” The second woman, Fatemah Fakhraie, is a Muslim-American activist for the rights of women. Her article “Scarfing it Down,” originally published in Bitch magazine--a feminist news publication--examines hijab bans and the way they effect Muslim women’s rights. While both women participate in hijab, their opinions differ on the view society takes: One woman wishes that society would accept her choice to observe hijab, the other demands it. Scarf Ace speaks out about her decision to start hijab. She begins by stating the difficulties with wearing the headscarf: it’s hot, people look at her, she can’t have a ‘good hair day’, etc. She continues because of her “husband’s high regard for hijab” and because, as a stay-at-home mother, she can choose when to leave the house, thus not having to wear it constantly (488). Her blog is an outlet for dealing with her decision to start hijab; she has very mixed emotions about it, and she wants people to hear her voice – she wants her decision to be understood and...
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...and exchange goods that people need with one another, (sometimes they borrow and sometimes they trade things).Since the poverty levels in the Flats area is so high, people found it disrespect and rude if people didn’t help each other out, because for them it the meaning of receiving and giving each other survival needs. This helped created “family” like bonds, unlike in other articles people used gift giving as a way to gain power. So that’s why I found this an interesting read. ____How this story did this link to essay ___ RITUAL (#8)...
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...specifically Islam, has received a great deal of coverage due to the actions taken by extremist Muslims. Because of the actions of terrorist groups such as the Taliban and Isis, Muslims around the world, especially in the United States, are viewed in a negative light. Due to this, the rising backlash towards Muslims has raised the question if during the past fifteen years, the resulting prejudice has affected the young/old/new Muslim immigrants in terms of work, daily life, and even their own sense of belonging or identity within the United States. Recently, minorities in the United States have had...
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...be Banned? A Burka/Burqa is a long, loose garment covering the whole body, worn in public by many Muslim women. The burka is under scrutiny in the United States, as well as other countries, and is getting questioned as to if it should be banned or not. A ban of women wearing a Burka in public would be a morally correct decision. Since the Burka covers the face, as well as the whole body, it poses as a security threat to the public. A woman wearing a Burka may be hiding the tools to carry out an attack of sorts under the clothe itself. The ban on Burka's would satisfy the Utilitarianism belief of 'the greatest good for the greatest number', by eliminating this security threat. The Burka also prevents social interaction between women wearing a Burka and the civilian population. Many people argue against a ban, stating that is just a way of protecting our own people. Those are flawed because banning a burka would also protect Muslim women. If a Muslim woman refuses to wear a Burka, sexual assault or molestation is a justifiable punishment. By banning the Burka, women who choose not to wear it would be protected from being assaulted because of their decision. In conclusion, a ban on the Burka would be a morally correct decision because it would produce the greatest good for the greatest number by eliminating safety threats and protecting Muslim women. Benson, Rod. "Why we should not ban the burqa." . N.p., 8 Sept. 2010. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. . ...
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...perception of the world around us, whether it is political, social, economic, etc. Ideologies are not the product of individual intention or conscious, rather we create our intentions within ideology (Marris, Thornham, 2000, p. 267). These ideologies exist before we are even born; they form the social constructions and conditions that we are born into. But, ideologies are just a practice, and it is produced and reproduced in apparatus of ideological production. The media is a great example of an apparatus of ideological production (Marris, Thornham, 2000, p. 273). It produces social meanings and distributes them throughout society. However, as long as ideologies continue so will social struggles such as racism, which we will discuss in this essay. Media elites represent different races through media based on their ideologies. This has a predominant influence on the social constructions of race and contributes to our understanding of it. The media is bias. This is due to the bias in the minds of those in control of these media outlets known as the media elites. Harold Innis is a well-known Canadian political economist and a pioneer in communication studies who explores the concept of media...
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...Assess the view that women are no longer oppressed by religion There are some aspects that show that women are no longer oppressed by religion as they are given more roles and responsibilities for example The Church of England has allowed women to be become priest since 1992. But in everyday life female followers of world religious leaders are often significantly more limited than males with regards to where they can go with whom they may associate. In this essay I am going to examine both views and examine whether women are no longer oppressed by religion. Everybody focuses to Muslim women worldwide as oppressed, more specifically the Muslim women in Afghanistan. People often fail to distinguish between culture and religion, two things that are completely different, In fact, Islam condemns oppression of any kind where it is towards a women or in general. Sometimes, people see covered Muslim women and they think oppression. This is wrong. Muslim woman are not oppressed, but they are liberated. This is because they are no longer valued for something material such as their good looks or she shape of her body. They compel others to judge her for her intelligence, kindness, honesty and personality. Therefore, people judge her for who she actually is. Women cover their hair to be modest. When they wear loose clothes, they are trying to be modest. In fact, nuns cover their hair out of modesty. Also, when we see the frequent pictures of the Virgin Mary, she is covering her hair...
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..._____________________________________________________________________ Using Imtiaz Dharker’s collection Purdah, this essay will attempt to question the understanding or imagining of religious and cultural structures in reference to their effects—intellectual, emotional and spiritual— Islamic women. The first part of the essay will delve intodifferent viewpoints concerning feminism and Islam. The second shall attempt to juxtapose the opinions of traditional Islamic religious fundamentalists and those of social activists. There are a variety of themes which bring out these opinions via the help of Dharker’s collection. These themes lead us to question these opinions which may or may not hold true. [EDIT] _____________________________________________________________________ 1 Fundamentally, “the word ‘Purdah’ is used as a title for the set of injunctions which constitute the most important part of the Islamic system of community life. (Al-Ash’ari, 19) Purdah is the result of the “feudal ruler’s concept of izzat(honour-here used in the sense of inviolable feminine chastity)” This concept of izzat and its protection by men itself implied male superiority. It’s essential message was that woman needed to be protected and that man was her protector” (Asghar Ali Engineer,6) Hence, the men put ‘their’ women in Purdah and in doing so emphasized their dominance over women. In order for women to protect their ‘izzat’, it was essential as per the holy book of Qur’an...
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...2014 Essay Most of the westerners today see Islam as a religion of hate and violence. This is due to the events of the terrorist attacks that have been happening around the world. Islam has been associated with terrorism more and more often due to few extremists who are doing terrible crimes in the name of Islam (Islam Way). The whole world knows what has been happening to Muslims in America after 9/11, but blaming 1.6 billion Muslims for the crimes of less than 10,000 people is not ethical. Those people who have never read the Quran and know nothing about Islam says that Islam teaches to kill people and to commit act of terrorism. The purpose of this essay is to resolve the misconception that Islam teaches terrorism. Islam teaches us to practice peace in every area of our daily life. The real reason why people really become terrorists is hidden from most of the people in world. Today’s media is also misrepresenting Islam and Muslims. Tragic events such as attack on World Trade Centre in New York and bombing of London and Madrid are supposed to be justified by Islam in the minds of some people (Islam Way). The actual origin of terrorism was from the Cold War between Russia and America and the place of its origin was Afghanistan. Islam is a religion of peace. To understand Islam’s point of view on terrorism one must refer to its original source which is definitely the Holy Quran. The Holy Quran turns our attention towards high value of human life, whether it’s a Muslim or a...
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...The Hijab Republic “The meaning of subculture is always in dispute, and style is the area in which the opposing definitions clash with most dramatic force” (Hebdige, 1979: 3). Throughout this essay I would draw and analyse the Hijab republic subculture. Further referencing on the theories of; Semiology by Gillian Rose (2001), The Meaning of Style by Dick Hebdige (1979), and Dress and Globalization by Margaret Maynard (2004). The purpose of this essay is to further dissect the Hijab republic as a subculture, the reasons behind it and semiotically decode their dress as intentional communication. In order to do this, I will firstly, conduct a semiotic analysis to an image, thereafter apply Hepdige’s theories on subculture lastly, I will further discuss and apply Maynard’s theory on the relationship between style and communication. Mieke Bal and Norman Bryson (1991:174) cited in (Rose 2001) explains that human culture is made up of signs, each of which stands for something other than itself. This statement makes you want to understand and make sense of those signs. Observing Yuna in figure01 who wears the hijab along western trends as a form of self-expression and her Islamic identity. Yuna’s iconic and idexcical sign is the head-scarf (hijab) as it is a performative agent through which the sense of common sociality is being achieved by practicing a dress code that is a visible identity maker, and that sends a message to outsiders...
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...The representation of terrorism, Islam and Muslim identities on popular US series Homeland Introduction Images of Muslim and Islam have dramatically increased in the media coverage as well as popular culture ever since we have entered the “post-9/11 era”, as Elizabeth Poole observed. (2008:81) The shocking real life images from the horrifying terrorist attack in September 2011 has triggered various interpretation on the discourse of what it means to be Muslim and the image of Islam and its culture in the western media, and still have profound influence even after more than a decade and ongoing. Apart from the coverage on news media, TV entertainment, especially TV dramas also provide a powerful outlet for the popular prevailing discourses on Muslim and Islamic culture, which compare to news reports, leaves a more vivid and graphic impression on audience with its discourse and narratives. The proposed subject I am going to study is revolved around the representation of Islam and Muslim identity in the popular US TV drama Homeland. (Showtime, 2011) Homeland (Showtime, 2011) has been arguably the most successful TV series focusing on the theme of counter-terrorism and national security across the Atlantic since 2011, following its predecessor 24 (Fox, 2001) developed by the same producers. When asked what made the show distinctive compared to its predecessors, Damian Lewis, who played as Sgt Nicholas Brody, the male lead in Homeland replied, “We feel a bit differently...
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...Stephanie COM 242 Book Analysis: My Forbidden Face One distinctive theme of this Communication Culture course is the balance between oppression and privilege. These very opposite concepts are seen in almost all of our course readings, films, and discussion board assignments. According to the Fabric of Oppression Theory, privilege is when an individual experiences certain advantages that are based on their race, class, sex, religion, sexual orientation, and able-bodiness (FOOT handout). “The privileged groups have opportunities not provided to other groups because of the current social system in place and may not recognize that they ‘benefit’ from the system” (FOOT handout). Oppression is on the other end of the spectrum and involves an individual lacking the same opportunities as someone who is privileged because of the same sub categories of race, class, sex, religion, sexual orientation, and able-bodiness. Latifa’s novel My Forbidden Face is one that shows many strong examples of oppression for Latifa and her family. Not only do we see disadvantages in her life based on her sex and religion, but the Taliban goes even further to control the people of Kabul by providing restrictions on the media and their everyday routines. Throughout My Forbidden Face, we see the main character of Latifa being oppressed from the very beginning, especially because of her female sex. Outlined by FOOT, we see several “isms” that could be taken out on a person, or group of people. One...
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...RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN GRADES 17 & 16 UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 1971 ENGLISH ESSAY Maximum marks: 100 C SS .C O M .P Note: Write an essay in ENGLISH on ONE of the following: 1. Man as part of a design infinitely vaster than himself. 2. Knowledge demands love as its complement. 3. The amusement mania. 4. The art of feature films made in Pakistan. 5. Art and Religion. 6. Education of freedom. 7. Brain-washing. 8. The lessons of the past. 9. Requisites for social progress in Pakistan. 10. How words change our lives? 11. Man is condemned to be free. 12. Leaders and followers. K Time allowed: 3 hours ENGLISH ESSAY EXAMINATION 1972 Maximum marks: 100 C SS .C O M .P Write an essay in English on One of the following: 1. Relevance of Islam to Science. 2. The sanctity of law. 3. Competitive results of planned economy? 4. The sick soul. 5. The strategy of political warfare. 6. “If’ in History. 7. Psychology and its social meaning. 8. Reverence for life. 9. International morality. 10. The divided self and the process of its unification. 11. Statesmen and Diplomatists. 12. The foundations of the feature. K Time allowed: 3 hours ENGLISH ESSAY EXAMINATION 1973 Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum marks: 100 1. (a) Make an outline for writing an Essay in English on One of the following subjects: (b) Write the Essay on the subject you have selected more or less on the basis of the Outline you have...
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...Task Essay Question(s): Evaluate feminist views on the role and functions of religion in society today (18marks) Patriarchal Vehicle Evidence of patriarchy; * Sacred text, places of worship etc. Woodhead, Armstrong etc Criticism and strengths. Task Essay Question(s): Evaluate feminist views on the role and functions of religion in society today (18marks) Patriarchal Vehicle Evidence of patriarchy; * Sacred text, places of worship etc. Woodhead, Armstrong etc Criticism and strengths. Evaluate postmodernist explanations of the role & functions of religion in contemporary society (33marks) (Plan and case) Evaluate postmodernist explanations of the role & functions of religion in contemporary society (33marks) (Plan and case) Feminists see religion as a patriarchal institution; maintaining male dominance over women by allowing them to believe that it is their divine right to dominate. As well as this, they believe that religion functions as a patriarchal ideology that is a vehicle that perpetuates inequity and such beliefs legitimizes female subservience and oppression. El Saadawi, says that religion is distorted to acquiesce patriarchal domination in which they exploit women in multiple ways; prostitution, slavery and abortion. However, functionalists believe otherwise and argue that its function is not to oppress women but necessary as to keep society stable whilst Marxists believe that religion oppresses the working class and serves capitalism not females...
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