...The benefits of urbanization outweigh the costs. Discuss. “Urbanization is the increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities” (Learn on the Internet, 2008). Globally, urbanization is increasing. For example, in 1950, the percentage of urbanization was 30%, now, it is around 55%, and by 2030, it may rise to 60%. (WHO, 2010). In addition, this phenomenon usually happens in developing countries. At present, urbanization is mostly happening in countries such as China and India (Learn on the Internet, 2008). For instance, in 1980, there were 501 million urban residents in low income countries, but in1995, this increased to 912 million. People move from the countryside to cities for several reasons. One reason may due to “population pressure and lack of resources in rural areas” (Learn on the Internet, 2008). A more positive reason may for this move be better opportunities which include higher salaries and health care. In spite of these benefits, there are also some costs. In this essay, the benefits and costs of urbanization will be discussed. It will first focus on three benefits then two costs. Urbanization has several benefits. Benefit number one is efficiency. Efficiency here means using less time to do more things. One example of efficiency is that recycling programmes can be carried out because of the concentrated population. People usually live in apartment complexes and there may be hundreds of people living in one block. Compared with individual...
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...Lee Ho Ting 3035049110 Essay 1: Compare and contrast the main characteristics of the urbanization process in the First and Third Worlds Introduction As a necessary step towards development, both the First world and Third world countries have been undertaking the process urbanization. Urbanization is referred to the process of the increase in the total population living in the urban areas through immigration to the areas and net increase in the urban population (Pacione, 2009). Although the processes of urbanization are similar among countries, there are still differences as the First world is defined as capitalist industrial market economies where the Third world is referred to states that failed to develop economically after independence (Pacione, 2009). The differences in the social and economic situations in the First and Third world as well as the different global environment have led to distinct characteristics in the urbanization process of countries. Understanding these characteristics is essential to the understanding the challenges faced by states in the process. Therefore this essay is going to discuss the similarities and differences between the urbanization processes starting from the eighteenth century up till now from the social and economic aspects in respect of the global environment. Similarities – Economic based urbanization The major similarity between the urbanization of the two different worlds is that economic development played a significant...
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...phenomenon of urbanization in expanded scale and in prominent pervasiveness, Nigeria is generally perceived as a newly-emerged modern state, which is characterized by rapid industrialization and extensive urbanization (Jiboye,2011).In particular, the term “State” is defined as the politically organized people of a particular land(Antai& Moradi, 2010). When it comes to the cohesion and stability of modernized state, it refers to the condition of a system which is the condition of Nigeria as a whole. In this essay, the threats on the cohesion and stability of Nigeria induced by industrialization and urbanization are assessed in threefold: health threats, criminal threat and threat regarding food insecurity. The aforementioned threats to be analyzed are intertwined with the concept of urbanization and industrialization and the repercussions of food insecurity and the physical health threat in urbanized cities are interrelated with the criminal threat, which could be accounted by mental illness(Antai& Moradi, 2010). With this introductory overview, the essay proceeds to outline the modern situation of urbanization and industrialization in Nigeria with definitions conceptualized. The following part is an evaluation of the health threats comprised of two section, in which the overcrowding issue is explored and illustrative case study focusing on health surveillance in Niger Delta is examined. The next part dwells on the positive correlation between crime rate and urbanization. In the final...
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...Lena Cavusoglu J. Mack Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University Master in International Business IB 8090 - International Business Environment Essay Exam # 1 Email: lcavusoglu1@student.gsu.edu 1. GDP per capita as an indicator: What are the limitations of this statistic in the context of emerging markets? GDP per capita is often used as an approximation of a country's prosperity. However, this approximation excludes significant factors such as the distribution of income, home production, underground economy, and social cost of production, in making a decision on the well-being of a country's inhabitants. First, emerging markets generally have an unbalanced distribution of income. There may be significant gaps in income between various groups of the society. In such markets, GDP per capita is a misleading indicator of the economic situation because a wealthy minority may hold a large share of GDP. GDP per capita might underestimate the fraction of society who has an income below the poverty threshold. Furthermore, the inequality in income distribution gives rise to a higher rate of increase in underground economy, which may make up a large fraction of GDP generated in a country. Consequently, many places have a higher GDP than what is reported. Second, there is a large domestic production in developing countries such as Turkey, which is not calculated in GDP since these products are not sold on the market. Homegrown vegetables and knit clothing are examples...
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...plagiarism form. This work is my own. Question 1: Critically evaluate David Harvey’s suggestion that we should adopt the right to the city as both a working slogan and political idea. The essay seeks to establish and explain David Harvey’s concept of using the right to the city as a working slogan and political idea. Harvey is known for (2008; 23) introducing the concept of the right to the city as a working slogan (Harvey, 2008:23). Harvey explains how social inequality and discontent can be dealt with by the adoption of the right to city as a working slogan and political idea. The author states that the “one step towards unifying these struggles is to adopt the right to the city as both working slogan and political idea (Harvey, 2008:23)”.The following discussion seeks to expand on this hypothesis and critically evaluate the above mentioned theory. When evaluating the above discussed claims one must examine the two respective sides. One must firstly examine why it is tangible, practical and beneficial to the status quo of the international system to use the right to city as a working slogan and political idea. The second stage of the essay will address why the idea of turning the right to the city into a working slogan and political idea is criticised and seen as flawed. In conclusion the essay seeks to offer alternatives to the current issues. Harvey’s (2008:23) main argument explains how the right to the city has been taken out of the hands of the people and has now become...
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...Major Historical Turning Points of America: Essay I Brian Tui Strayer University Dr. Donna Reeves History 105 January 19, 2013 Abstract What are the major turning points in American’s timeline that helped shaped it into the amazing country that it is today? What was the impact of those turning points on today’s American culture? This essay will give us a tour through two major turn points in America. The first being the “Turning point of the civil war” and the second being the “Turning point of Industrialization and Urbanization”. In the “Turning point of the civil war” we will peer into several possible outcomes of the “Reconstruction Period had Abraham Lincoln survived”. In the “Turning point of Industrialization and urbanization we will also investigate “Industrializations effect on the average working American” and touch on “How state courts served to discriminate against non-white citizens and immigrants”. Finally we will conclude with “The New America”. My view on how the events of the past shaped America into the wonderful nation I am so proud of today. Turning Point of the Civil War America could not be the honored country that it is today had it not been for the turning point of the civil war. In the mid-1800s the Northern and Southern states were divided on many differences. A major difference that lingered after the signing of the Constitution was slavery. You have the Northern statesmen who firmly oppose slavery and the Southern statesmen...
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...Ireland into the British Empire replaced the Roman Catholic Church with the church of England as the state church. What is a monopoly? Explain the benefits to owning a monopoly.(4 points) A monopoly is when a person owns or dominates an industry. He will gain so much power that he either buy out competitors or run them out of business. After that he can be the only person that is able to provide his services. So when he is the only one standing, he can name the prices and the customers are forced to pay. Monopoly can make the owner multi millionaire. . What is urbanization? Identify two of the problems that were associated with rapid urbanization.(4 points) Urbanization is the social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban in areas, be it horizontal or vertical, as opposed to being mostly rural and agricultural. Also Urbanization refers to the increasing number of people that live in urban areas. Urbanization changed the economic, social and political setup of a country or region and had several major negative impacts. One economic problem that it caused was lack of jobs. Businesses and governments were unable to produce enough jobs to meet the demand of a fastgrowing population. Air and...
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...In the essay “Beyond The Wall: Essays from the Outside” by Edward Abbey, Abbey says “The domination of nature leads to the domination of human nature”. This quote can be considered in a numerous amount of ways that relate to personal philosophy, science, and many other topics. The topics being discussed in this essay are prior course, personal philosophy, and published sources in order to consider the quote at hand. Honors Biodiversity has taught that the world is being harmed to a point where humans are taking it for granted rather than treasuring it for the numerous amount of resources which it harnesses. For instance, biodiversity hotpots, which are spots on the planet where there are an extremely diverse amount of species compared to...
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...Alexandra Ortiz English 120 Professor DiFranco Essay #2 Sacramento Both Ernesto Galarza’s “Barrio Boy” and Joan Didion’s “Notes From a Native Daughter” write about Sacramento’s past. Both authors talk about Sacramento during two different time periods. Joan Didion talks about the mid-century and Ernesto Galarza talks about the early 20th century. Although both author’s perspective of Sacramento differs from era to era, there are differences in certain characteristics described by both authors. Galarza’s essay focuses on an immigrant point of view arriving into Sacramento versus Didion’s experiences as a native decedent of Sacramento. Joan Didion’s Sacramento is a very different place compared to Ernesto Galarza’s , for him it’s an immigrant place where Mexican, Yugoslavs, Chinese and many other different cultures come together to make one home. For Joan Didion, Sacramento is a place that with the pas of time and the changes that has come with time, have forced memories to be lost and most importantly identities. Didion highlights the true nature of Californian lifestyle and how with its gradual disappearance more than the past is being lost, but a new generation is also losing an understanding of its true roots, its true history and as a result a loss of knowledge. The loss of knowledge is equivalent to the loss of identity because if one doesn’t know where they came from how one can truly know who they are. Didion talks about her own experiences as a child in Sacramento...
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...WRITING 3: FINAL ASSIGNMENT DEFORESTATION: A THREAT AGAINST OUR PLANET Student: Khuc Van Mai Student number: 20135988 Class: TA1.01 – K58 School of Foreign Languages Hanoi University of Science and Technology December 2014 Contents Introduction 1. Impacts of deforestation 2.1. Deforestation contributes to global warming 2.2. Deforestation loses biodiversity 2.3. Deforestation impacts soil negatively 2. Causes of deforestation 1.1. Population growth is an indirect reason of deforestation 1.2. Deforestation is rooted by urbanization and industrialization 1.3. Agriculture leads to deforestation 3. Solutions Conclusion References | 111233345567 | Deforestation: A threat against our planet Introduction Forests play an important role in our lives. Not only do they maintain biodiversity, for example providing food and shelters for animals and plants, but they also provide important sources such as food, woods, and herb medicines for human beings. They, moreover, help control climate and prevent soil from erosion. Forests, however, are under threat by deforestation – an act of clearing trees to exploit resources like woods, minerals, medicines and to create land for agricultural activities or space for building facilities, for instance houses, roads, etc. Deforestation is a pressing problem, and it is killing our planet because of many reasons. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts...
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...periods of high discharge, when a stream runs out of its confines and submerges surrounding areas. A flood is an unusual high-water stage in which water overflows its natural or artificial banks onto normally dry land. Floods are not only be caused by natural factors, high precipitation intensity but also human activities. Hence, this essay seeks to explain how the risk of flooding in a drainage basin is increased by human activities. //Firstly, urbanization can increase the risk of flooding in a drainage basin. Urbanization is defined as the increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities. Urbanization drastically alters the drainage traits of natural catchments, or drainage areas, by increasing the volume and rate of surface runoff. While the impact of on river system may be minimal, the carrying capacity of small streams may be quickly exceeded, causing flooding and erosion issues. Often, the runoff from intense rainfall exceeds the carrying capacity of the sewer system, creating a backup in the system and hence the flooding of basements and roads are aggravated. Hence, this highlights the human activities such as urbanization increases the risk of flooding in a drainage basin. //Secondly, the risk of flooding in a drainage basin can be increased by human activities such as dam failure. Flooding can result from dam failure or other hydraulic structures, when a veritable of water can go hurtling down the river channel. As might be expected, the suddenness...
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...Essay On The Pollution ESSAY The word, 'pollution' means to make dirty. Pollution causes imbalance in the environment. Environmental pollution is a serious problem. Nearly 35 percent of India's total land area is subject to serious environmental pollution. Industrialization has led to urbanization, which has added to the pollution problem. Air pollution is the most dangerous form of pollution. land and water pollution have worsened the situation. Pollution causes several types of harmful disease. We must control pollution for our survival. The word pollution 'pollution', has been derived form a Latin word, 'pollutionem,' which means to make dirty. Pollution is the process of making the environment. i.e. the land, water and air dirty by adding harmful substances to it. Pollution causes imbalance in the environment. This imbalance has threatened the very survival of life. It is a threat to the whole world. Environmental pollution is a serious problem of the industrialized societies. The industrial development and the Green Revolution have adversely affected the environment. People have converted the life supporting systems of the entire living world into their own resources and have vastly disturbed the natural ecological balance. Serious degradation and depletion have been caused thought overuse, misuse and mismanagement of resources to meet the human greed. Environmental pollution is defined as the unfavorable alteration of our surroundings. It is by product of man's...
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...Sam Sepassi World History 102 Essay 10/01/2015 The Industrial revolution Industrialization refers to the development of machine production of goods and new energy resources. The Western World went from rural and agricultural to urban industrial. Hard Times suggests that nineteenth-century England’s overzealous adoption of industrialization threatens to turn human beings into machines by thwarting the development of their emotions and imaginations. This suggestion comes forth largely through the actions of Gradgrind and his follower, Bounderby: as the former educates the young children of his family and his school in the ways of fact, the latter treats the workers in his factory as emotionless objects that are easily exploited for his own self-interest. Industrialization had many positive and negative effects on the citizens of Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. Industrialization had many positive effects on society in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. The creation of power machines and factories provided many new job opportunities. The new machinery increased production speed of good and gave people the ability to transport raw materials. Industrialization also lead to urbanization. Urbanization is the movement of people into cities and city building. Citizens wanted to live closer to the factories that they worked at. Despite its many positive effects effects, industrialization had a negative impact on Europe too. Urban areas doubled, tripled, or quadrupled in...
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...The Gilded Age, a period beginning in the 1870’s and lasting until the late 1890’s, was an era in American history characterized by unparalleled economic growth and technological advancements while also plagued by significant social and political challenges. The name Gilded Age is derived from famous author Mark Twain’s novel of the same name, written for the purpose of exposing the blatant corruption and excessive materialism of America’s most rich and powerful. This essay aims to analyze the juxtaposition of prosperity among the wealthy elite and inequality during the Gilded Age. The rampant industrialization of the Gilded Age propelled prosperity by fostering great economic growth and technological innovation, consequently exacerbating...
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...The Industrial Revolution was a period of time from the 18th until 19th century when significant changes transpired, and these changes contributed to the economic, social, political, and environmental conditions of that time. A major turning point occurred in the history due to the Industrial Revolution, which positively changed lifestyle in various ways. Opposing that, these changes damaged the environment in industrializing countries, leading to major issues. This purpose of this essay is to describe the several environmental changes that occurred in industrializing countries during the Industrial Revolution. Urbanization occurred, starting in the UK, and then spread to America and different parts of Europe. The majority of citizens from the countryside migrated to town and cities, where they could find jobs in factories to support themselves and their families. According to Bulliet et al. (2009), London's population grew from 500,000 to 959,000 in a century, and then to 2,363,000 in the next 50 years. Similarly, New York City's population increased sixfold in 35 years, reaching 600,000. According to Merriman, an increase of 506,000 people occurred in Paris between 1801 and 1851 (p.577). Smaller towns united, creating megalopolises, including "the English Midlands, central Belgium, and the Ruhr district of Germany" (p.560). This rapid increase had consequences: firstly, cities and towns became overpopulated, which worsened the pollution. In urban cities, a number of families...
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