Essay
The four functions of management process are planning, organizing, leading and controlling. First, planning is the work process of determining organizational goals and means for achieving them. It includes the selection and establishment of organizational goals, the choices and determinations of methods of achieving the goals, the establishment of principles and rules, and the preparation of plans and implementation of the plan. Planning is the most basic function of management process, because it is the precondition for implement other management functions. Second, organizing is the combination and classification process of the necessary business activities in order to accomplish management objectives. It includes deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom. Third, leading involves the process of guiding and influencing every member’s behavior in an organization, which includes good communication, motivation and good relationship in the organization. The purpose is to help inspire and motivate workers to work hard to achieve organizational goals successfully. Last, controlling is the process of measurement, supervision and inspection, which is based on the established goals and standards. It helps find deviations and take corrective measures so that tasks can be carried out as planned, or adjust plans to achieve the intended purpose. Controlling is a continuous and recurring process, which aims to ensure that the organization’s activities and actual outcomes are consistent with expectations.
Mintzberg’s managerial roles include the following aspects: interpersonal roles (figurehead, leader, and liaison) involve interactions with other people, both inside and outside the organization; informational roles (monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson) involve how receive, analyze and share information; and