...#12 Management: Managers, Performance, and the Environment I) The major point of this article is that management needs to be strong and be willing to make changes in their thought process if they want to succeed. That America’s economy and the managers who plan, direct, organize, control, and staff its businesses must provide new, different, and creative approaches to meet the new competitive global environment. II) The overall managerial lesson in this reading is that management existed all the way back to the early days of civilization. Many companies have come and gone and many have reconstructed themselves to insure their futures. As a discipline, management faces new challenges and obstacles daily and some are the result of their successes but I feel some are the result of their weaknesses also. One outstanding challenge that has happened over the years is the new role of managers that are women(Mary Barra, General Motors), African Americans(Kenneth Chenault, American Express), Hispanic Americans(Oscar Muñoz, United Airlines) to name a few, and other minorities. These and other organizations will need managers who can think clearly and are capable of dealing with changes in all aspects of the companies so they can stay on top. III) What I have learned personally is that I need to make changes in my management style if I want to succeed at my job and company. I have always thought and have been told if it isn’t broke don’t fix it. I might think it’s not...
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...Ethics in Management PHL/323 Personal Ethics Development In life, a persons character says a great deal about the type of moral principles they honor and value. These principles reflect an individual’s trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring, and citizenship (Josephson Institute, 2009). Based on these principles, the framework of an individual’s ethical system is derived to guide decisions between right or wrong, in other words; a persons moral compass. It also serves as the driving force behind an individual’s responses when interacting with others. It is suggested that personal ethics are not intrinsic, and we learn right from wrong exclusively from personal relationships. As a result, diverse personal ethics can be found within the numerous different social groups of the world. This paper is intended to explain my personal ethics and how they are used to make important decisions in my personal and professional life. I will also explain how I assimilate the values that I have been taught into my relationships with others. Developmental Aspects of Ethics From a young age, I observed the actions of those close to me and learned the value of morals. Through my church youth group I learned to accept and appreciate the differences of individuals. Through outreach programs I was exposed to many under-served people, including some that did not believe in formal religion. I was taught that everyone has a choice in their beliefs and how they present...
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...Individual Paper: Evaluation of Business Code Ethics Francisco Pacheco PHL/323 - ETHICS IN MANAGEMENT September 9, 2012 Donna Falloon Individual Paper: Evaluation of Business Code Ethics In the business world, every company, large or small, has a set of guidelines and standards that describe a person’s expected behavior at the work area. Everyone, including employers, must follow these regulations because it describes organizational expectations for all employees. Business organizations often develop several different policies, rules and guidelines for administering their business. Code of ethics and guidelines do not exist to govern all behaviors, but just enough so that everyone can harmoniously work together while at the same time being productive so that the business or organization can prosper. There are many big and small companies in the business world, and they all have a set of code of ethics that help to establish order and integrity. Even one of the largest oil companies in the world, Shell, has a code of conduct and ethics. They share core values and honesty, integrity and respect for everyone in their foundation and are required to conduct their affairs in accordance with those same principals. Shell Code of Conduct provides basic rules, standards and behaviors that are necessary to achieve the agenda. They are expressed clearly and concise for all their employees on a number of enterprise-wide risk areas and employees are reminded to remember that there...
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...Ethics and Management Shari L Kraus XMGT/216 April 4, 2012 Terry Burr Introduction Companies hire people for management positions with the hope that they have the skills necessary to handle the variety of ethical issues that come up on a daily basis. The skills necessary for this position are acquired through education and having experience. The types of ethical issues a manager may face include harassment, handing out disciplinary action, like write ups, and suspensions and terminating an employee’s employment. Some of these circumstances can be difficult to deal with so managers need to have the ability to make the proper decision. In this paper I hope to show the relationship between ethical issues and management’s ability to resolve the issues. There are many different managerial positions in the business world. For example, there are plant managers, department managers, human resource managers, and executive managers. Even though each of these different types of managers have different titles, their responsibilities are basically the same. All of these different types of managers are responsible for making sure that the employees who work under them get to work on time, perform their duties the correct way, and stick to company rules and guidelines. Managers have the added responsibility of making sure that daily product quotas are met and that individual employee and departmental goals are reached. If the goals are not reached, the managers are responsible...
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...Week 3 - Ethics of Management Based on this week’s readings, I believe Sam should let the board of directors know about the sexual harassment charges that caused Bud to be fired from his previous employment. Even if Bud didn’t sexually harass his secretary, the board of directors have a right to know for the organization sake. By answering Badaracco’s (2002) four questions and Hosmer’s (2012) approach to solve ethical dilemmas, it is clear that Sam has an ethical responsibility both to himself and the organization to let the board of directors know about Bud’s past sexual harassment claim. The first question Badaracco (2002) recommends is to figure out what is the best net-net in this dilemma, what individuals will win, lose, risk and benefit. This is also the first step of what Hosmer (2012) recommends in determining a solution to an ethical problem. If Sam doesn’t tell the board of directors about Buds past sexual harassment claim; then the winner is Bud, the loser is Sam, board of directors, women, and the organization, the benefit is that Bud gets a manager position, Bud and Sam are still friends, the risk is that there may be sexual harassment from Bud which affects the women in the company, jeopardizes the organization, and Sam’s trustworthiness within the organization and board of directors is lost. It is clear that the risks are much higher than the benefits; therefore, it is more beneficial for everyone if Sam were to disclose Bud`s past sexual harassment claim...
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...3 Sources of Moral Obligation by Josephson Institute on February 14, 2011 A duty is an obligation to act in a certain way. When the obligation is based on moral and ethical considerations, it is a moral duty. Often we think about moral duties in terms of rules that restrain us, the “don’ts,” as in don’t lie, cheat, or steal. Such rules comprise the so-called negative dimension of moral duty because they tell us what not to do. Since ethics is concerned with the way we ought to be, however, it also includes an affirmative dimension consisting of things we should do — keep promises, judge others fairly, treat people with respect, kindness and compassion. Sources of Moral Obligation Moral obligations can arise from three sources. The first, strangely enough, is law. 1. Law-Based Moral Obligations. Good citizens have a moral as well as a legal obligation to abide by laws; it is part of the assumed social contract of a civilized society. If a law is unjust, however, (such as those that mandated ethnic and religious persecution during the Nazi regime and those that discriminated against a person on the basis of race in South Africa and elsewhere) there may be a moral obligation to disobey it under the specific and demanding doctrine of civil disobedience. Many, but by no means all, of these moral standards of conduct are so fundamental to healthy social relations that they have been codified into laws. For example, most aspects of the moral duty to not endanger or harm others...
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...Map The Supply Chain Paper MKT/421 June 29, 2015 There are many industries in today’s world that has extensive supply chains. A supple chain is comprised of a complex mix of manufacturers, distributors, and retailers. When combined and done properly, this supply chain can be a remarkable and elaborate system. The industry this paper will cover will be the food industry. There are many different aspects to the food industry such as meats, poultry, vegetables, fruits and manufacturing factories. This paper will specifically focus on farm animals. First, the manufacturer is the going to be the being of the supply chain. Farmers are responsible for the life and health of the animal. They need to plan and arrange feeding. This will aid in the overall health of the animal, in turn providing a better end product. Selecting which type of food, the amount, time of feedings and all other food care will also be apart of the farmer’s responsibility. Obtaining the food is an additional consideration. How will the food be brought to the location of the animals? Farmers are also responsible for the health of the animal and any medical care the animals may need. They must arrange a vet visit as needed, shots, and any other health related concerns or needs. This is something that can be expensive and will fall on the farmer to complete. Farmers must also provide living quarters or land for the animals to reside on. This varies from farm to farm however generally there is several acres of land...
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...Title: Management Conflict and Ethics Netpanna Yavirach, Asst,prof., Department of management, Faculty of Business Administration, Rajamangala Institute of Technology In what sense can it be said that an organization can, as a whole, be ethical of unethical? What characteristics (e.g. structures, policies, powers, responsibilities, codes, cultures, procedures) would mark out an ethical organization? Business ethics is an applied ethics. It is the application of our understanding of what is good and right to do. A discussion of business ethics must begin by providing a framework of basic principles for understanding what is meant by the terms “good” and “right”. In popular usage the term “ethics” has a variety of different meanings. One of the meanings often given to it is: the principles of conduct governing an individual or a group. We use the term “personal ethics” to refer to the rules by which an individual lives his or her personal life, and use the term “accounting ethics” to refer to the code that guides the professional conduct of accountants (Velasquez (1988).,p.11). Ethics is concerned with the moral judgments involved in moral decisions. Ethics does not study all normative judgment, only those that are concerned with what is morally right and wrong, or morally good and bad. When something is judged to be morally right or wrong, or morally good or bad, the underlying standards on which the judgment is based are moral...
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...The Ethics of Earnings Management: The Case of Income Smoothing James Gaa University of Alberta May 2007 Information Asymmetry In Most Situations, People Do Not Have the Same Information Management Inevitably Has Information that Would be Useful to Investors – and other Stakeholders In Financial Reporting: Information Asymmetry Follows Immediately from the Separation of Ownership and Management May 2007 The Ethics of Earnings Management 2 1 Corporate Transparency (OECD) “The Corporate Governance Framework Should Ensure that Timely and Accurate Disclosure is made on All Material Matters regarding the Corporation, Including the Financial Situation, Performance, Ownership, and Governance of the Company.” OECD, ”Corporate Governance Principles: 2004” May 2007 The Ethics of Earnings Management 3 Corporate Secrecy (OECD) “Disclosure Requirements are Not Expected to Place Unreasonable Administrative or Cost Burdens on Enterprises. Nor are Companies Expected to Disclose Information that May Endanger their Competitive Position Unless Disclosure is Necessary to Fully Inform the Investment Decision and to Avoid Misleading the Investor” OECD, ”Corporate Governance Principles: 2004” May 2007 The Ethics of Earnings Management 4 2 Corporate Secrecy Corporations Have Secrets Some are Legitimate Corporations Should be Able to Keep them secret Trade Secrets Other Proprietary Information Some are Not Legitimate ...
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...Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine how the health care managers make things better by taking ethics seriously in a global business environment that helps future growth of a business. The paper describes the importance of ethics in any business and how implementing the solution derived from it will prevent the worst to happen in any organization. We must recognize that business ethics is a must and foremost about any business and following ethics in healthcare management will surely deteriorate the problems that we might face in the present and the future. Ethics in Healthcare Management Introduction Ethics is the way of referring ourselves to the perspective of what is right and what is wrong? Ethics is a moral principle that guides or governs our behavior and it helps us to make a better decision or to make better choices. It is a guideline that support our thinking and beliefs along with some rules and regulations that has to be followed to sustain in any business. Ethical issue arises when judging what is right or wrong, when you are provided with many options, when you are judging the impact of your decision, when you are faced with a dilemma, etc. It is a moral value as we learn about ethics from our parents when we are young depending on the culture, tradition, etc. speaking the truth was an ethics taught by my father when I was a kid. I do remember it till today because my moral values that I learned from my father is still with me and it...
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...Ethic Issues in Management Conel Joseph MGT/216 September 1, 2010 Chrystal Tart Ethic Issues in Management In business ethic issues occurs on a regular basics. How does business resolve these matters? What legal aspect does management may have to address? In any business management has to prepare for ethic issues. The businesses realize that being unaware of ethic issues in the company can be a problem waiting to erupt. In this paper I will discuss moral and ethical issues, social issues responsible in management, and legal aspects facing management. In the business world management has multiple tasks to complete on a daily basic. In a business managers are seen as a leadership role. The leader must be productive efficiency with a group of employees. The task of handling moral and ethical issues is critical aspect that management has to address. The moral issues can be tough to handle. Individuals view morals as what is right and wrong pertaining to all situations. Ethic issues ties into the moral views of the employee as well. The norm is that everyone knows right from wrong. In the workplace employee are diverse and unique. Also there are different ethnicity, race, gender, ages, and physical disabilities in the workplace. Some of the moral and ethics issue managers have to face are termination, hiring, working hours, work ethic bias, discipline, and harassment. How do managers tackle such a major problem facing business around the country? The first...
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...Management Planning and Ethics Student __________ Axia College of University of Phoenix MGT 330 Management Theory, Practice and Application Instructor ________ Date _________ Management Planning and Ethics Only during the last few decades has planning become a widespread function of management. In the mid-1900s formal planning was only adopted by a few large corporations. Nowadays, aggressive and opportunistic entrepreneurs who run small firms also engage in formal planning (Bateman & Snell, 2009). Planning is directed to set up goals and to decide in advance what actions should be taken in order to achieve the established organizational goals. Planning includes activities directed to analyze the current situation, anticipate the future, as well to determine objectives and resources that will be used to achieve them. Planning is not considered as an informal response to a crisis. Planning is a purposeful effort geared towards providing “individuals and work units with a clear map to follow in their future activities; at the same time this map may be flexible enough to allow for individual circumstances and changing conditions” (Bateman & Snell, 2009, p. 132). The purpose of this paper is to evaluate Arthur Andersen’s, LLP, planning function of and how legal issues, ethics, and corporate social responsibilities impacted Arthur Andersen’s management planning. Arthur Andersen, LLP In 1913, Arthur Andersen and Clarence De Lany, accounting professors at Northwestern...
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...Amans, Patrick Hilario, Kedron ACTG 6650 Dr. Ward 29 July 2015 “Ethics and Its Ties to Earnings Management” INTRODUCTION Many professionals and accounting researchers have raised the question -Is ethics directly linked to the practice of earnings management? Earnings management is defined by Beaudoin, Cianci, and Tsakumis (2012, p.507), as “the manipulation of revenues and/or expenses to obtain a desired financial reporting outcome.” He and Yang’s article offers that the definition of earnings management is “a process in which managers use judgment in financial reporting and in structuring transactions to alter financial reports to either mislead some stakeholders about the underlying economic performance of the company or to influence contractual outcomes that depend on reported accounting numbers” (He and Yang 2013). So either way one looks at it, earnings management is a form of deceit. In Shafer’s (2013, p.45) paper, the author defines ethical climate by referencing Victor and Cullen (1988) as, “the prevailing perceptions among employees of organizational practices and procedures that have ethical content.” More often than none, findings have shown that companies tend to engage in earnings management through management’s actions, and not just through accounting choices. Corporations tend to conduct earnings management to meet earnings forecasts, as well as, to decrease financing and tax costs. One side of the spectrum would argue that it is perfectly fine to manage...
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...project team ethics needs to move beyond Milton Friedman’s narrow, 1970 definition of the ethical obligation of business as merely maximizing shareholder value. R. Edward Freeman and others have advanced a much more comprehensive view of business ethics as based on “stakeholder value”. Milton Friedman’s view “there is one and only one social responsibility of business –to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits” does not suffice the requirements of the current day business environment. According to Friedman shareholder held the unrivaled primacy among many other stakeholders of a business and the organization is the profit making instrument in the hands of shareholder. But the changing economic environment and globalization have brought in a remarkable change in the way corporations operate in the present day. Every stakeholder associated with the business has a value and hold an important position in the operations. With the increase in stakeholder value and high involvement, the need for ethical conduct has been recognized across the businesses. Project managers and project management played a very important role in promoting ethics across the organizations as projects are viewed as revenue generating zones in any business. They have high stakes, high rewards and high visibility leading to high stakeholder value and also the pressure to be unethical to generate high profit has become a tendency. Right from the senior management, suppliers...
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...Ethics in Management Accounting What are ethics? According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, ethics are defined as, “Rules or behavior based on ideas about what is morally good and bad.” Ethics are rooted in an individual or an entire group’s moral values that govern daily behavior and crucial decisions. From a professional perspective, ethics provide a given quality and ensures a fair practice. In terms of business, it is the moral duties and obligations that apply to various professions and their code of conduct. Ethics encompass a set of understood rules to guide the direction of a business, company, corporation, or organization. Ethics are essential and tremendously depended on in the profession of accounting. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, accounting is defined as, “The skill, system, or job of keeping the financial records of a business or person.” The system of accounting records financial transactions and analyzes, reports, and verifies the results. Accountants perform these tasks by establishing these reports through a system known as bookkeeping. The three common reports that are generated by accountants are balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements. Each of these reports serve a crucial purpose to the success of a corporation. The balance sheet summarizes a company’s assets and liabilities. The income statement reports a company’s gross proceeds, profit or loss, and expenses. The cash flow statement analyzes the flow of incoming and...
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