...Opportunities and Challenges Globally Your full name Your ID no. Unit code and name Lecturer name Assignment # Completion Date Emergence of new business concepts resulted due to global pressures. This result is in the form of business ethics and corporate social responsibility. Besides economic and environmental diligence, these concepts have become a marketing instrument to evaluate the performance of businesses. They are now designing products that are ethical and consider factors like health, safety and morality in their offerings (Hamelin et al. 2012). Similarly, consumers are the ultimate users of the products. They make a huge influence on the offerings by the concerns by accepting it or boycotting it. They attempt to bring changes in the society through their purchasing decisions. So the special market segment could be seen as the "ethical consumers"(Deng 2011). Thus, ethical consumerism could be defined as the ethical concern about the organizations and their products and services by choosing or not choosing a product or service that meets or fails certain ethical standards respectively. There are many aspects and matters included in the ethical considerations. These include safe environmental concerns, fair trade, animal welfare, labor standards and health concerns (Cho and Krasser 2011). The consumers reject the unethical offerings by the organizations through boycott or buycott. Boycott refers to the negative ethical purchase behavior while buycott refers to the positive...
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...A Look at Human Trafficking Nicole Kohrmann Liberty University Abstract There is a world full of passionate people that want to bring awareness to human trafficking. Human trafficking exists on a global level affecting many men, women and children, in a variety of countries. Although there are some case studies available that involve this criminal activity, the lack of recorded data complicates the continued progress forward on the awareness of the real existence of human trafficking. The lack of data has a lot to do with the covert nature of human trafficking and the hidden activity that it is. The government will need to continue to amend the laws that are already in place, in order to prevent and catch traffickers before they reach their victims. Strong training for our law enforcement, our healthcare providers and any other agencies that may be involved also needs to be put in place. Continuing to create awareness will bring human trafficking to the surface for a difference to be made in the lives of the victims. Introduction On a global level human trafficking is an issue that continues to gain increasing awareness, as agencies in human services, law enforcement and health care professionals become more involved and aware of the problem. Human trafficking, according to the United Nations convention, is defined as; “the recruitment, transportation, transfer harboring, or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of...
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...Case on Corporate Sustainability Reporting: Coca Cola 1) The Coca Cola Enterprise is very big supporter of the community. In 2013 they have * Invested more than $9 million in community programs to support young people, encourage active lifestyles and protect the environment. * Reached more than 100,000 young people through local partnerships and our education centers. * In 2013, we launched a new partnership with JINC, an organization bringing together companies and underprivileged young people to help students prepare for the world of work. Focusing on developing the skills needed to gain employment, volunteers and funding are provided for classes, interview coaching and one-to-one support. * In Sweden, we support Städa Sverige (Clean Sweden) to promote environmental awareness among young people. Since 2010, more than 4,000 participants have * Cleared litter from over 300 Swedish beaches. Through our projects with WWF-UK, we are working with community groups to improve water quality and undertake river restoration at the River Nar in Norfolk and the River Cray in South London 2-3) Metric People Empowering 5 million women to be entrepreneurs by 2020. * The Goal: Enable the economic empowerment of 5 million women entrepreneurs across our value chain by 2020. * Status: In progress as of December, 31, 2012 the 5 by 20 program had enabled approximately 300,000 women and has recently expanded to twelve countries. * Goal: A policy implementing...
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...creating a mental structure that would be convenient to the slave’s specific life but, slaves do not spare the energy or confidence to succeed. Although slavery is less recognizable it occurs four times as much as it did in the 1800s. Fredrick Douglass lived both free and a slave but his details of slave life are still relevant in today’s contemporary slavery. A few other types of modern day slavery that is still going on today is; debt bondage, sexual slavery, child labor and wage slavery. Slavery such as debt bondage and sexual slavery is cause by unfortunate families. Families that suffered in a huge debt and wasn’t able to pay it off in one generation had to carry the balance to the next generation and to the next until it is paid off. However debt bondage is when one person gives a loan to another person and in repayment the person receiving the loan provides labor to liquidate the amount owed. In most cases when the amount of labor is assessed it isn’t applied to the actual debt owed. The time or duration of labor is not defined to a specific amount. The person could work till the day that person dies and still not have fully repaid the loan. In modern day it occurs mostly in south Asia. Sexual slavery also ties in with bondage because...
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...the Fiji Islands, and harvesting of cocoa beans via child slave labor in West Africa, are both ethically questionable. Business practices from both commodities have little regard on damages inflicted during their production. Ethical issues, similarities, and differences with both commodities will be contrasted, a presentation of socially responsible strategic alternative(s) will follow, and finally possible impact(s) of said strategic alternative(s) to stakeholders highlighted. Identification of both contextual and evolutionary issues is needed to form a comprehensive picture of the situation, linking questionable business performance(s) to Applied Ethics standards. This will assist to adequately categorize the issue and develop a socially responsible strategic alternative(s) to remedy the damages caused, and determine their possible impact(s) to stakeholders. Two generic determinants influence the outcome of either proactive or reactive business ethics practices, the internal and external perceptions of a corporation; in conjunction these two determinants create a generic conceptual framework and also contribute to underpin the sources of proactive and reactive business ethics performance (Svensson & Wood, 2004). Business ethical norms reflect the norms of each historical period, as time passes norms evolve, causing accepted behaviors to become objectionable, these too evolve with time (Business Ethics, n.d.). Business ethics is rooted in the concepts of the philosophical...
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...Table of contents Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 2 The benefits of the “big4” ....................................................................................................................... 3 Kraft..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Nestlé .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Mars .................................................................................................................................................... 4 The Hershey Company ........................................................................................................................ 5 Common project between Marc and Hershey ................................................................................... 6 “Big4”, consequentialism and utilitarianism....................................................................................... 6 Moral and human rights infractions ....................................................................................................... 7 Recommendations for cocoa and chocolate industry ............................................................................ 9 Challenges remaining for...
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...brought new lights in the society. However, some of these discoveries evoked controversial issues. One of the controversial issues that received tremendous feedback is surrogate motherhood. As many couples fail to bear any child due to infertility, various alternatives appears to realize their dream of parenthood. One of the popular alternatives is surrogate motherhood. To begin with, the word “surrogate” means substitute. Surrogate motherhood is a term referred to an arrangement in which a woman becomes pregnant for the sole purpose of having a child that another couple will raise. This discovery causes to wake up each and everyone's mind. It also gave birth to the undying rivalry between pros and cons. Surrogacy is entitled with issues and controversies. It also left questions to our mind. Who really suffered and benefited with this? Other debates include moral and ethical questions. Does surrogacy go against natural selection, and is the burden it will cause to the children, the parents, and the surrogate mother, worth it? Some people believe that if an individual does not have the ability of reproduction, it should be selected, and technology should not be used to alter God’s plan. Surrogacy provides some couples with their only hope of raising a child genetically related to at least one of them. They believe that everyone should be given the chance to have a family, and if the surrogate mothers are willing to do it, they do not see a problem with it. II.BODY History...
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...RELATIVISM AND MORALITY Week 2 Assignment Sarah Knight SOC120: Introduction to Ethics and Social Responsibility Prof. Thomas Reeder November 4, 2013 Relativism and Morality Moral choices are conducted on a daily basis, by every culture, which can be viewed on an ethical scale of right or wrong, by other cultures. In her writing of “Some Moral Minima”, Lenn E. Goodman views several aspects of morality and relativism, and argues that certain things are just wrong. In presenting my own morals, I agree with this statement; however, pondering the image, that only one accurate ethic exists and that we may be able to find universal moral requirements and arrive at a multiethnic agreement on issues presented by Goodman is a parable. In this paper, I will state my opinion on challenges Goodman presents to relativism. I will also provide my thoughts on if there are such universal moral requirements. In Goodman’s initial area of discussion of “Some Moral Minima; Genocide, Famine, and Germ Warfare (Goodman, L.E., 2010)”, she states “Genocide targets individuals as members of a group, seeking to destroy a race, a culture, a linguistic or ethnic identity (Goodman, L.E., 2010)”. I reflect back to after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks were made on The United States. The threat of germ warfare became a very real aspect of war for our nation. Governmental groups, that we were at war against, were considering the decision to use this type of weapon in order to defeat their...
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...1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.0.1 What Is Ethics? Ethics commonly means the rules or principles that define right and wrong conduct. Professional philosophers use the term ‘ethics’ to refer to the systematic study of these rules or principles, but the companies shall accept the more common definition and focus on the principles themselves. Ethical rules embody the idea of morality or, in other words, notion of what is morally right and good, as well as those things considered to be morally wrong and bad. Ethical rules and conduct attempt to be provide guidelines for human behavior that will preserve a society’s. a group’s or an individual person’s notion of morality. 1.0.2 Why Ethical Practices Are Important? Ethics involves trust and fairness. Ethics is a code of demeanor that dictates an individual's or group's actions. Numerous triumphant business owners comprehend the significance of ethical practice for the reason that failure is plausible devoid of it. The consequence of a business that employs ethical practices are customer loyalty, and finding a corporation that you can reliance is forever in demand. Additionally, ethical deeds and corporate social accountability can attract significant benefits to a business. Moreover, people who work in business will be protected by their high ethical performance. Business would reap many rewards in the form of high morale and improved activity by treating the employees with dignity and...
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...was created to revolutionize the way we fight a war, so far the F-22 raptor program consists of 187 aircraft and cost 79 billion dollars($420 million per aircraft), but matched with a cheaper aircrafts in other countries. After a series of highly publicized mishaps (faulty oxygen systems and the death of Capt. Jeff Haney) and media pressure, the aircraft was grounded till the problems were fixed (Lee Farran, 2012). My employer, DynCorp International is one of these defense contractors, founded in 1946 as, Land Air Inc. and California Eastern Airways by World War II veterans. DynCorp began work directly with the US military as maintenance services technicians, then expanded to marine services and Acquisitions (logistics). DynCorp stance on ethics is there is zero tolerance of discrimination of age, race, gender, or sexual...
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...Case Study: Slavery in the Chocolate Industry- Close to half of the world's chocolate is made from highly prized top-quality cocoa beans that are grown in the farms in the Ivory Coast and Ghana, a small nation on the Western side of Africa. The farmers of these poor nations are notorious, however for sometimes relying on slaves to harvest their beans. The slave are boys between 12 and 16 , sometimes as young as 9-- who are kidnapped from villages in surrounding nations and sold to cocoa farmers, who use whippings, beatings, and starvation to force the boys to do the hot, difficult work of clearing the fields, harvesting the beans and drying them in the sun. The boys work from sunrise to sunset and are locked in windowless rooms where they sleep in bare wooden planks. Far from home, unsure of their location, unable to speak the language, isolated in rural areas and threatened with harsh beatings if they try to get away, the boys rarely attempt to escape their nightmare situation. Those who do try are severely beaten as an example to others and then locked in solitary confinement for a prolonged period of time. Every year an unknown number of boys die or are killed on the cocoa farms of the Ivory Coast and Ghana. The plight of the enslaved children was publized around the world in September 2000 when True Vision, a British television company, took video on slave boys on several ivory. Coast farms and broadcast a documentary in Britain and the United Sates. An erlier 1998 report...
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...Running Head: CHILD LABOR PRACTICES OF UNINDUSTRIALIZED NATIONS Child Labor Practices and Policies: Industrialized Nations versus Unindustrialized Nations Abstract Today we will discuss the child labor of America’s yesterday in comparison with current third world customs: In order to understand the similarities I will first offer a brief overview, then specific examples of each. Next, we will cover the beliefs of Americans followed by the after effects of child labor elimination. I truly hope and believe that my review will enlighten readers to the naked truth; opening minds to certain changes that need to take place. Encouraging at least one person to reach out and make a difference. Child Labor Practices and Policies: Industrialized Nations versus Unindustrialized Nations 218 Million Children between the ages of five and seventeen are involved in child labor: 8.4 million are forced into slavery, trafficking, armed conflict, prostitution, pornography and other illegal activities (Antislavery International, 2009). In reference to child labor practices of unindustrialized nations: The average individuals of an industrialized nation believe that child labor should end, but many families depend on this income to survive; instead, we should fight for workers rights and rethinking child labor abolition. Today we will discuss child labor practices and policies of such nations versus United States (U.S.) practices of the early 1900’s, the average person’s in-depth...
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...Ethics in International Business Chapter Outline OPENING CASE: Wal-Mart’s Chinese Suppliers INTRODUCTION ETHICAL ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS Employment Practices Management Focus: Making Apple’s iPod Human Rights Environmental Pollution Management Focus: Unocal in Myanmar Corruption Moral Obligations Management Focus: News Corporation in China ETHICAL DILEMMAS THE ROOTS OF UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR Personal Ethics Decision Making Processes Organizational Culture Unrealistic Performance Expectations Leadership Management Focus: Pfizer’s Drug Testing Strategy in Nigeria PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACHES TO ETHICS Straw Men Utilitarian and Kantian Ethics Rights Theories Justice Theories FOCUS ON MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS Hiring and Promotion Organization Culture and Leadership Decision-Making Processes Ethics Officers Moral Courage Summary of Decision-Making Steps SUMMARY CRITICAL THINKING AND DISCUSSION QUESTIONS CLOSING CASE: Google in China Learning Objectives 1. Be familiar with the ethical issues faced by international businesses. 2. Recognize an ethical dilemma. 3. Discuss the causes of unethical behavior by managers. 4. Be familiar with the different philosophical approaches to ethics. 5. Know what managers can to do to incorporate ethical considerations...
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...When “slave” owners and masters are searching for new prey they are targeting the weak then rather the strongest. The main target for sex trafficking is females instead of males. Sex- trafficking is considered to be the 21st century slave trade. Women are taken against their will and often transported far away to other countries and purchased by modern day slave owners. They are then often drugged and forced to work the streets to generate money for their “masters.” Their living conditions are also extremely poor and most of the time unsanitary. They receive the bare minimum of food, clothing, and healthcare. If they do not fulfil their “tasks and duties” they are then punished or often murdered. Once exploited into these situations its often at times almost impossible to get...
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...companies moral agents?” is quite a debatable question among various thinkers. With the raised level of awareness of consumers regarding the impact of corporate activities on environment and society at large, corporations are obliged to put serious efforts towards execution of environmental, social and ethical procedures in their actions (Lombardi et al, 2015). At various times, various issues had been raised by the consumers or competitors of various corporations which has led to adoption, development and implementation of various code of ethics to be followed by companies in order to evolve ethically in business world. History has many evidences of rise and fall of various major corporations, by means of involving in various unethical activities and frauds, such as, HIH insurance, One.Tel, Enron etc to name a few. One of the renowned MNCs, Nestle, has been in the conflicts since long regarding the issues of corporate social responsibility and ethics. Nestle has faced severe criticism for its marketing and business strategies, for transgressing human and workforce rights and environment. Nestle had a bad name in history with its infant formula controversy, as the company involved in marketing, promoting and selling its product unethically in underdeveloped nations, due to which it had to face a global boycott ( Post, 1985). This led to new international code of marketing by WHO, for breast milk substitutes and also raised various issues and concerns regarding human rights and commercial...
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