...Levels of UK Government European Parliament The European parliament has 736 members it represents all 27 members of the EU, even though it is not strictly part of the UK Parliament it still has an impact on our daily lives. 72 of these members are elected from the UK, they represent our country interest. They draft legislation which affects all of the EU member’s countries. They focus all parts from consumer rights to the task of protecting people being killed from dictators and militias. They also attempt to raise country's economic standing and try to develop countries so they are self-sufficient. The European Parliament is the only directly elected by EU body and it represents the people of the EU. Elections have been held every five years since 1979. The last elections were in May 2014. Before that members were chosen from national parliament. The parliament amends, approves or rejects EU laws, together with the Council of Ministers. The parliament also shares authority over the EU budget with the Council of Ministers and supervises other EU institutions, including the Commission. Two of the main responsibilities of the European parliament (EP) are immigration and environment. Immigration - The European parliaments control the inflow of migrants that go into each country, and how many of the migrants go into each country. Their objective is to set up a balanced approach in dealing with legal migration and fighting illegal immigration. Parliament actively supports...
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...Introduction English law is enshrined in the legal system of England and Wales, and is a set of rules, created by the state along with jurisdiction binding and implemented by its authority. The rules define what we can do and what we cannot do. They are created by Parliament and are known as ‘statute law’ or act of Parliament. The content of statue law is greatly influenced by the European Union including the Human Rights Act 1998. In the case of ‘common law’, the decisions of senior appellate court are included as law. European Union (EU) law takes priority and the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) protects those identified rights for the relevant stakeholders. Betten, L. (1999) A key distinction is made in terms of civil law and criminal law. Civil law deals in areas such as family matters, employment and contracts; whereas, criminal law is applicable when it is believed that a crime requires an investigation. Speaight, A. (2012) EU laws have considerable influence in a number of areas related to business and human rights and many treaties and directives are applicable in the UK for employment, security and freedom of movements. European law is highly applicable especially in terms of rights at work and business related law. Betten, L. (1999) English Law and its Sources English law is made up of common law - legislation passed by Parliament influenced by Europe. There are four main sources of English law 1. Statute law 2. Common law 3. European Union...
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...The European Police Office, commonly abbreviated Europol, is the law enforcement agency of the European Union (EU) that handles criminal intelligence and combating serious international organised crime by means of cooperation between the relevant authorities of the member states, including those tasked with customs, immigration services, border and financial police etc. Headquartered in The Hague, the agency has approximately 800 staff], of which there are regular police officers and approximately 145 liaison officers[ as well as personnel seconded from national law enforcement organisations. The agency has no executive powers, and its officials are not entitled to conduct investigations in the member states or to arrest suspects. In providing support, Europol with its tools – information exchange, intelligence analysis, expertise and training – can contribute to the executive measures carried out by the relevant national authorities. More than 900 staff at Europol headquarters in The Hague, the Netherlands, work closely with law enforcement agencies in the 28 EU Member States and in other non-EU partner states such as Australia, Canada, the USA and Norway. The agency uses its unique information capabilities and the expertise of its staff to identify and track the most dangerous criminal and terrorist networks in Europe. Law enforcement authorities in the EU rely on this intelligence work and the services of Europol’s operational coordination centre and secure information...
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...EU JHA INTIATIVE AGAINST TNOC EU JHA INTIATIVE AGAINST TNOC (Your name) (Your school) (Subject) EU JHA INTIATIVE AGAINST TNOC Europol has the greatest potential in fighting multinational crime. JHA primarily was aimed in facilitating international cooperation for the EU countries. The cooperation included migration, crime management, border management, issues related to internal security, counterterrorism and civil law. It came into place to make the four freedoms of movement of people, goods, services and money. Framed within the context of the Treaty of the European Union, Europol’s authorization composed all serious types of international crime, including international terrorism. Europol is shown to have demonstrated the dual forces of political control over the association of the European Union, on the one side, and the institutional autonomy and professional expertise of participating police agencies, on the other[1] . The outcome of these dual forces can be likely to determine the course and result of counter-terrorist policing in the European Union in coming years. Europol's endeavor is to advance the effectiveness and co-operation between the capable authorities of the member states primarily by giving out and getting intelligence to prevent and fight serious international organized crime. Its mission is to make a significant contribution to the European Union's law enforcement efforts targeting organized crime. Europol is prospective but...
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...for “British exit” * British should stay in The EU Union. Here are some main reasons: 1. Jobs Around 3.5 million British jobs are directly linked to British membership of the European Union’s single market – 1 in 10 British jobs. 2. Exports & investment The EU buys over 50 percent of UK exports (54 per cent of goods, 40 per cent of services). Over 300,000 British companies and 74 per cent of British exporters operate in other EU markets. American and Asian EU firms build factories in Britain because it is in the single market. 3. Trade The EU negotiates trade agreements with the rest of the world. Outside the EU Britain would have to renegotiate trade deals alone. While the EU is the world’s largest market, a UK outside the EU would not be a high priority for other counties to negotiate a trade deal. 4. Freedom to work and study abroad – and easy travel 1.4 million British people live abroad in the EU. More than 14,500 UK students took part in the European Union’s Erasmus student exchange scheme in 2012-13. Driving licences issued in the UK are valid throughout the EU. 5. Fighting crime The European Arrest Warrant replaced long extradition procedures and enables the UK to extradite criminals wanted in other EU countries, and bring to justice criminals wanted in the UK who are hiding in other EU countries. Euro just helps UK authorities work with other EU countries’ to tackle international organised crime such as drug smuggling, people trafficking and money...
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...Introduction: SAARC, NAFTA and EU are the three regional organizations situated in three different continents Asia, North America and Europe respectively. Among them EU is well establish governance system with a unique parliament comprise by the member state. SAARC and NAFTA are not having a governance system compare to EU. In the economic perspective NAFTA is the largest trade bloc in the world in terms purchasing power parity. EU is holding the second positive and SAARC is comparative weak in all aspect than the two. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC): The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an economic and geopolitical organization of eight South Asian nations. Ex-president of Bangladesh, Ziaur Rahman was the one who made a formal proposal on May 2, 1980. The first SAARC summit was held in Dhaka on 8 December 1985, when the organization was established. Afghanistan is the only new inclusion that happened since SAARC was established. Every decision SAARC takes and every policy it frames is guided by the overall objectives it had set for itself in the charter. Although promoting “welfare economics” and “collective self-reliance” among the South Asian nations are the commonly quoted objectives, yet there are some equally important focus areas which need a mention. “Accelerating economic growth” and cultural development in South Asia is one of the priorities, which come under the broader goal of improving quality of life. Ref: Francesco...
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...produce laws and bills without the need of the UK parliament agreeing, the Welsh on the other hand do not have such powers. Finally there are the local authorities these are made up of County councils, District Councils, Parish Councils etc these do things within certain areas or constituencies throughout the UK. The European parliament also plays a big role in the running and decision making of the UK parliament, Established in 1952, the EP is based in Brussels and Strasbourg, it has also been known to assemble in Luxembourg also, it has 751 members and is run by Martin Schulz, it influences EU laws within the UK and decides international agreements. P2 Each department of the government is important in its own rights, there are too many departments to name here but the main three that support the public services would be: The Ministry of Defence (MoD): The MoD’s main priority is implementing the defence policy set by the government and of course the monarch, they are in charge of the defence of the UK and the MP in charge of this department is Michael Fallon and their annual budget is 38 billion pounds. The public services that are involved with the MoD are the Army, Navy and Air Force, they decide what each of these services do and where in the world they go. The Home Office: The home office is responsible for UK...
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...law, principles which are common to the Member States.‖ - Article 6, Treaty on European Union The European Union is not a federation like the United States. Nor is it simply an organization for cooperation between governments, like the United Nations. Neither is it a State intended to replace existing states, but it is much more than any other international organization. The EU is, in fact, unique. Never before have countries voluntarily agreed to set up common institutions to which they delegate some of their sovereignty so that decisions on specific matters of joint interest can be made democratically at a higher, in this case European, level. All EU decisions and procedures are based on the treaties agreed to by all EU countries, under which sovereignty is shared in specified areas. The result is a union of 27 Member States covering 1.6 million square miles with roughly half a billion people producing almost a third of the world‘s gross national product and speaking more than 23 1 languages, bound together by a desire to promote peace, democracy, prosperity, stability, and the rule of law. The EU embraces the fundamental values shared by its Member States across a multitude of cultures, languages, and traditions. The Member States agree that democracy is the best form of government. They believe in societies that encourage pluralistic political thought and endorse freedom of speech and religion. They support free market economies—where economic development and growth are...
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...describe how political, social factors impact upon Tesco and Bank of China. Political factors of Tesco Tesco have political factors that affect their business activities. For example, political stability for the national economy in this case the government such as the government make decisions in the best interests of the people and should support businesses. The advantages of the government providing support to Tesco will economically benefit the growth of Tesco as well as the country. The government will also benefit from the amount net exports created from UK firms that invested overseas. Political factors of Tesco are: * Taxation * Employment * Education, training and research * Duty on goods * Membership of the EU...
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...Contents 1.HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL ACCOUNT OF EU-MOLDOVA RELATIONS 2 1.1.Political situation in Moldova. 2 1.2. Establishement of EU-Moldova relations. 3 2. EC-MOLDOVA PARTERSHIP AND COOPERATION AGREEMENT 6 3. THE TRANSNISTRIAN ISSUE AS A SECURITY THREAT FOR THE EUROPEAN UNION 9 4.THE FUTURE OF EU-MOLDOVA RELATIONS 12 REFERENCES: 18 ‘’You are well aware that the values on which the EU is built-freedom,democracy,respect for human rights and fundamental freedom,and the rule of law-lie precisely at the heart o the political association and economic integration process which the Eastern Partership offers and which we are pursuing with Moldova.(…) We want to create a new reality where all the citizens of Moldova, without exclusion, can enjoy all the benefits of a modern and effective political and economic system, respectful of their fundamental right’’. President Barroso. 1.HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL ACCOUNT OF EU-MOLDOVA RELATIONS 1.1.Political situation in Moldova. 1.The independence of the Republic of Moldova, which was declared in 1991, raised a great number of crucial questions for the future of the new country- problems that had to be solved without delay. One of them was them was the orientation of its foreign policy and external allies. Moldova is literally situated on the border between East and West the countries that have chosen a ‘Euro-Asian’...
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...GOVERNMENT AND POLITICAL CONDITIONS The present constitution--which dates from 1848 and has been amended several times, most recently in 1983--protects individual and political freedoms, including freedom of religion. Although church and state are separate, a few historical ties remain; the royal family belongs to the Dutch Reformed Church (Protestant). Freedom of speech also is protected. Government Structure The country's government is based on the principles of ministerial responsibility and parliamentary government. The national government comprises three main institutions: the Monarch, the Council of Ministers, and the States General. There also are local governments. The Monarch. The monarch is the titular head of state. The Queen's function is largely ceremonial, but she does have some influence deriving from the traditional veneration of the House of Orange, from which Dutch monarchs for more than 3 centuries have descended. Her influence also derives from her personal qualities as Queen and her power to appoint the "formateur," who forms the Council of Ministers following elections. Council of Ministers. The Council of Ministers plans and implements government policy. The Monarch and the Council of Ministers together are called the Crown. Most ministers also head government ministries, although ministers-without-portfolio exist. The ministers, collectively and individually, are responsible to the States General (parliament). Unlike the British system, Dutch...
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...Md. Arafater Rahman Bhuiyan Assistant Professor Department of business studies Bangladesh University of Business & Technology Subject: Letter of Transmittal Dear Sir, With due respect we, the undersigned students of BBA 28 intake, section 07 of a group have Case study on “Why did global food price rise” under the course: International Business. This case study has enabled us to gain how to increase global food price rise. So it becomes as an extremely challenging and interesting experience. Thank you for your supportive consideration for formulating an idea. Without your Inspiring this case study would have been an incomplete one. Lastly, I would be thankful once again if you please give your judicious advice on effort. Yours’ sincerely, On behalf of my group Md. Mahmud Hasan ID No- 11123101283 Department of Business Studies Acknowledgement Every case study big or small whatever, is successful largely due to dedicated people who have always given their valuable advice. I sincerely appreciate the support and guidance of all those people who help us to complete this case study. I am Md. Mahmud Hasan. Extreamly grateful on behalf of my group to my course teacher Md. Arafater Rahman Bhuiyan who gave a case study task to complete with good direction. And also, grateful unknown economic online blogger who wrote articles on his blog & we got some important information. I also grateful to my group...
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...tariff free market in favour of easier and more profitable trade. The European Union consists of The Council of Ministers, European Parliament, European Commission and The European Court of Justice. Britain joined the EU in 1973, however it was never fully committed to the European project. The EU now consists of 28 member states, however that is due to increase with the potential of more countries joining amongst which are Turkey and Ukraine. European Government: How the European government does affect UK business? The EU has a big impact on business in the UK. Thanks to the EU Britain is able to trade their goods and services such as cars and banking with other countries in the EU without tariffs. This enables swifter and more profitable trade. As well as that, the EU helps the UK trade their goods and services outside the EU because it is the second largest trade bloc in the world, competing with the USA and China. The EU has supranational policy making power on trade for all member state, including the UK. This means that whatever the EU decides on trade, the UK has to follow. Additionally, the EU imposes working conditions and minimum wage on their member states. However, the EU does not control employment in the UK. Employment policy making in the EU is inter-governmental, this means that member states can choose whether they want to follow the policy or not. This allows the UK government to remain in control of employment in the UK. For example is it the UK government...
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...In England and the United Kingdom as a whole we have a Head of state this being in the form of monarch who is Queen Elizabeth II the longest Serving head of state as of the 9th September 2015. In the UK we have differing forms of government. One being the European parliament this is mad up of 736 members who represent all 27 member states of the EU. There are 72 that are directly elected from the UK and are there to represent the interests of our country. MEPS represent larger regions than MPs for example east midlands rather than Bassetlaw thus meaning this county of ours is represented by MEPS. This is because as shown previously we are linked to the EU, as we are a member state. The role of the parliament is to draft legislation that has an impact across all the EU states on issues such as: the environment, equal opportunities, transport, consumer rights, movement of workers and goods. Another is central government which is the layer of government that operates across the whole country. Ours is located in the city of Westminster, which is set with two houses in Westminster these being the House of Lords and the House of commons. Central government has very specific responsibilities that no other level of government is able to do. For example: signing treaties or agreements with other nations, making laws, defending the nation. When a vote is taken in the House of commons for example for a proposed law to be added there are sections which are part of the house of...
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...6. Organization (WTO) is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on 1 January 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which commenced in 1948 * Role: The organization deals with regulation of trade between participating countries; it provides a framework for negotiating and formalizing trade agreements, and a dispute resolution process aimed at enforcing participants' adherence to WTO agreements, which are signed by representatives of member governments and ratified by their parliaments * The GATT was the only multilateral instrument governing international trade from 1946 until the WTO was established on 1 January 1995. GATT continued to operate for almost half a century as a semi-institutionalized multilateral treaty regime on a provisional basis Ministerial conferences: * The highest decision-making body of the WTO is the Ministerial Conference, which usually meets every two years. It brings together all members of the WTO, all of which are countries or customs unions. * The inaugural ministerial conference was held in Singapore in 1996 * The second ministerial conference was held in Geneva in Switzerland. * The third conference in Seattle, Washington ended in failure, with massive demonstrations and police and National Guard crowd control efforts drawing worldwide attention. * The fourth ministerial conference...
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