...I first went out and bought my materials - light bulbs, four rubber light sockets, nine ounce plastic cups, four 15" by 15" by 15" cardboard boxes, duct tape, and a disposable camera. I then put the boxes together. I measured to the center of the top of the box and placed a dot there. I then poked the light socket through at the dot, making sure that the prong was exactly two and one-half inches above the box. I taped the light to the box in that spot. I then measured to the center of the bottom of the box and placed a dot there. I placed a plastic cup directly on top of the dot making sure that the center of the cup was directly on top of the dot. I then taped the glass down to make sure it wouldn't move. I placed a twenty-five watt bulb in the socket and labeled the box. I put the other three boxes together in the same way. Making sure that the socket was at the same height and place and the same for the cup. Except for the fact that each box had a different bulb and a different label. I filled each glass with eight ounces of water making sure each was the exact same measurement. I kept the light on for thirty hours. I then poured the water back into each measuring cup and recorded the number of ounces that remained. I repeated this experiment four more times in the same exact manner. I recorded all my results. Observations & Data This photo shows how the boxes looked in the beginning: This photo shows how the boxes looked after the thirty hours passed: ...
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...In the Atlantic ocean there was water droplets move from the air and back to the ocean to do again. One of them was named flowey, flowey was a crystal clear water droplet. Sometimes he thought it well be just a normal day in the ocean but when thinking that it will be the same but it wasn’t he was being transported to the air with other water droplets from oceans and plants around them, they all were turning in gas to form a cloud in the sky. That’s when evaporation comes to play evaporation is when a gas state (vapor) the sun’s light gives energy to the water, causing it to change from a liquid to a gas. Then which also helps is transpiration when another gas state. The process where plants release water vapor into the atmosphere. Then condensation...
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...Background Research In my experiment I will be looking to see how the pH level effects the evaporation rate of water. After looking at previous studies on both water evaporation and the effects pH can have I created my hypothesis that the lower that the pH level of the water is the faster the rate of evaporation in the water will be. Evaporation is when liquid is vaporized from the surface of the liquid into the form of gas. It happens when atoms escape from the liquid and become vapor. If the relative humidity of all the air is less than one-hundred percent saturation then that will make the net transfer molecules go to the air. When water is at a certain temperature then it will evaporate at a faster rate. Which causes water to evaporate quickly when it is boiling. For molecules in liquid...
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...Do all liquids evaporate at the same rate? Evaporation is when a liquid turns into a gas. The molecules move and vibrate so fast that they go into the atmosphere as molecules of water vapor. Evaporation is very crucial in the water cycle. The hotness from the sun powers the evaporation procedure. Water starts to evaporate at about 32 degrees Fahrenheit but it occurs gradually. As the temperature rises, the evaporation starts happening quicker. So the warmer it is the faster evaporation happens. Evaporation rates also depend on the quantity of liquid there is. If there is little water in a place than less water is going to be evaporated from that area. If there are large amount of liquids in an area, a lot of water is going to be evaporated....
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... | |As a result of activities in grades K–4, all students should develop: 1) abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry, and 2) understanding about | |scientific inquiry. | |Science Standard of Learning for VA Public Schools 3.9 | |Students will investigate and understand the water cycle and its relationship to life on Earth. Key concepts include: 1) the origin of energy that | |drives the water cycle, 2) processes involved in the water cycle (evaporation, condensation, precipitation), and 3) water supply and water | |conservation. | |Category |Standards-Based |Assessment Option | | |Learning Objective |Description | |...
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...8.0 Experimental Results Basis: 1kg= 1L 8.1 DRY RUN Steam pressure(psig) | 42 | Steam condensate(kg/s) | 0.00083 | Table (8.1):Experimental data obtained from dry run Table(): shows the mass of steam condensed per second at 42 psig obtained during the dry run (no recirculating liquor) these data along with the latent heat of vaporisation were used to calculate the rate of heat loss from the calandria. Heat loss calculation Time taken to fill 250ml for 5minutes=300seconds Sd=0.25/300=0.00083L/s = 0.00083Kg/s 42psig=3.89bar Calculation 42psig=(42/14.5)+1=3.89bar Latent heat of vaporisation at 3.89bar =2141.79kj/kg Qlost=0.00083*2141.79= 1.785KJ/s Subsequent runs with recirculating liquor Parameter measured | Run 1 | Run 2 | Run 3 | Run 4 | W(L/s) | 0.89 | 0.89 | 1.25 | 0.89 | S (L/s) | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.013 | 0.0097 | R(L/min) | 100.5 | 65.5 | 55.5 | 55.5 | V(L/s) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00894 | 0.0076 | Pressure (psig) | 42 | 42 | 42 | 30 | T1 0C | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 11.2 | T2 0C | 19.4 | 18.7 | 15.2 | 15.5 | T3 0C | 100.2 | 100.3 | 90.7 | 99.4 | T5 0C | 100.1 | 98.3 | 90.3 | 96.9 | T6 0C | 101.7 | 101.6 | 93.7 | 100.5 | T7 0C | 19 | 19.3 | 17.2 | 17.9 | Table (8.2):Experimental data obtained from runs with recirculating liquor. Symbol | Parameters represented | T1 | Cooling water inlet | T2 | Cooling water outlet | T3 | Vapour | T5 | Weak liquor inlet | T6 | Liquor Calandria inlet | T7 | Liquor Calandria outlet | W | Cooling water | S | Steam condensate |...
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...follow: • To study the rate of evaporation of water, acetone and diethyl ether. • To determine the intermolecular forces of the liquids. INTRODUCTION Evaporation is the process whereby atoms or molecules in a liquid state gain sufficient energy to enter the gaseous state. The thermal motion of a molecule must be sufficient to overcome the surface tension of the liquid in order for it to evaporate, that is, its kinetic energy must exceed the work function of cohesion at the surface. Evaporation therefore proceeds more quickly at higher temperature and in liquids with lower surface tension. Since only a small proportion of the molecules are located near the surface and are moving in the proper direction to escape at any given instant, the rate of evaporation is limited. Also, as the faster-moving molecules escape, the remaining molecules have lower average kinetic energy, and the temperature of the liquid thus decreases. In this project, we will focus on the rate of evaporation of water, acetone and diethyl ether. We can determine the major factor that cause the difference of the rate of evaporation between them. Most liquids are made up of molecules, and the levels of mutual attraction among different molecules help explain why some liquids evaporate faster than others. Intermolecular attractions that exist between the molecule of the water, acetone and diethyl ether affect the rate of evaporation. This is because liquids that have...
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...SC4730/1125 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE SHIVAJI PRASAD UNIT1 WATER CYCLE Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor. Evaporation is the primary pathway that water moves from the liquid state back into the water cycle as atmospheric water vapor. Studies have shown that the oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers provide nearly 90 percent of the moisture in the atmosphere via evaporation, with the remaining 10 percent being contributed by plant transpiration. A very small amount of water vapor enters the atmosphere through sublimation, the process by which water changes from a solid (ice or snow) to a gas, bypassing the liquid phase. This often happens in the Rocky Mountains as dry and warm Chinook winds blow in from the Pacific in late winter and early spring. When a Chinook takes effect local temperatures rise dramatically in a matter of hours. When the dry air hits the snow, it changes the snow directly into water vapor, bypassing the liquid phase. Sublimation is a common way for snow to disappear quickly in arid climates. (Source: Mount Washington Observatory) Why evaporation occurs Heat (energy) is necessary for evaporation to occur. Energy is used to break the bonds that hold water molecules together, which is why water easily evaporates at the boiling point (212° F, 100° C) but evaporates much more slowly at the freezing point. Net evaporation occurs when the rate of evaporation exceeds the rate of condensation. A state of saturation exists when...
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...Salt * Water * Graduated cylinder * Stirring rod * Filter paper * Flask * Rubber policeman * Wash bottle * Funnel * Bunsen burner complete with rubber tubing and a source of gas * Hot hands * Insulator pad * Ring stand complete with a ring * Wire gauze * Striker Pre-lab Questions: 1. Water will be useful in separating the salt and sand because salt is soluble in water, which allows it to dissolve into a homogenous mixture, allowing for filtering of the sand. 2. Properties of sand and salt that will help separate them are that salt is water soluble, and the sand is insoluble in water. 3. The three things that could go wrong in this experiment are: * During the evaporation of water while using the Bunsen burner, the flask might crack or explode – this can be avoided by not heating the flask over a prolonged period of time, and not heating it too intensely. * Some of the sand may be lost during the filtration – this can be avoided by carefully filtering the mixture, and making sure that all of the sand has been washed off from the beaker, and the rubber policeman. * Some of the salt may be lost if the salt doesn’t dissolve completely or if some of the salt water is spilled – this can be avoided by making sure that all of the salt has dissolved, and by being very careful while stirring the mixture not to spill it. Procedure: 1. Place a small beaker on the balance. Press the rezero button to...
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...1) A drainage basin is the area surrounding a river where the rain falling on the land flows into that river. The boundary of a drainage basin is the watershed, where any precipitation falling beyond the watershed enters a different drainage basin. 2) Inputs; Precipitation // Outputs; Transpiration, Evaporation, River Discharge, Evapo-transpiration 3) Interception is when some precipitation lands on vegetation or other structures such as buildings, concrete and tarmac surfaces, before it reaches the soil. Interception creates a significant store of water in wooded areas. Interception storage is temporary because the collected water evaporates quickly. 4) Baseflow is groundwater flow that feeds into rivers through river banks and river beds. 5) There would be a water surplus as the ground store recharge has taken place and whilst Precipitation continues to take place, the ground is too saturated to absorb the water, creating a surplus. 6) River discharge is measured by the cross-sectional area of the channel multiplied by the velocity of the water. 7) Precipitation, hot weather and the removal of water affect river discharge. 8) A) The lag time is 20 minutes. B) C) The steep slopes meant that the precipitation travelled fast downhill to the river, without much infiltration, which is what causes the short lag time and extremely tall rising limb. The impermeable geology would also have contributed to this, as well as the sparse woodland, as there...
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...of evaporation? 2. What happens to rainwater that falls on land? 3. How are oxygen and carbon cycled between plants and animals? 4. Why are nitrogen-fixing bacteria so important to other organisms? 5. Which cycle is shown in the diagram above? Identify each process labeled in the diagram. 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. E 57E Name Date Class Cycles of Matter Testing for Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Procedure Bromthymol blue (BTB) is a chemical that turns yellow in the presences of carbon dioxide. In the presence of oxygen, BTB stays blue. Deepa put the same amount of BTB in the three jars, and varied the organisms she placed in each jar. In Jar A, she put two aquatic snails. In Jar B, she put two sprigs of Elodea, an aquatic plant. In Jar C, she put two snails and two sprigs of Elodea. Results Deepa examined the jars every day for three days. These are the observations she recorded. Analyze and Conclude 1. Why did the BTB solution in Jar A turn yellow? 2. Why did the BTB solution in Jar B stay blue? 3. Why did the BTB solution in Jar C stay blue? 4. Which jar showed what happens during the carbon and oxygen cycles in nature? Describe the process that occurred in that jar. 57F Name Date Class Cycles of Matter Fill in the blank to complete each statement. 1. The processes of evaporation, condensation...
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...was hallowed out like a cylinder with pointed ends. This log was accidently placed on the bomb fire and burned which caused physical and chemical reactions and changes. Let’s talk about some of the physical and chemical properties. Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the matter. The beaver’s log had the following physical properties. It was shaped like a cylinder with pointed ends, brown and rough. The beaver ate the bark and the soft tissue in order to receive nourishment. Chemical properties of matter describe its “potential” to undergo some chemical change or reaction by virtue of its composition. As the beaver log burns, it goes through three phases. The first phase is the evaporation of water. As the wood is heated moisture evaporates quickly consuming heat energy in the process. The second phase is the emission of smoke. As the wood heats up, it starts to smoke. The smoke is the visible result of the destruction of the solid wood as it vaporizes into a cloud of combustible gases. The smoke will burn if the temperature is high enough and oxygen is present. The third and final phase is the charcoal phase. As the fire grows and most of the gasses have vaporized out of the wood, charcoal remains. All three phases of wood burning occur at the same time. The wood gases can be flaming and the edges of the pieces can be glowing red as charcoal burns, while moisture in the core of the wood is evaporating. The wood...
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...wrapped around a cardboard roll that will be able to pulled to select the length in which a person needs to cover the bandage. Research of the effects of Traditional tape vs. Silicone tape Unlike traditional tape that increases adhesion over time, silicone tape delivers constant adhesive strength for as long as it’s left in place. MATERIALS SILICONE ADHESIVE POLYMERIC BACKING THERMOPLASTIC POLYESTER ACRYLIC POLYMER BINDER BACKING PIGMENT PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES General Physical Form: Solid Odor, Color, Grade: Opaque, white tape. Odor threshold Not Applicable pH Not Applicable Melting point Not Applicable Boiling Point Not Applicable Flash Point Not Applicable Evaporation rate Not Applicable Flammability (solid, gas) Not...
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...G e o g r a p h y Chapter 9: * 70% of the freshwater goes to the agricultural sector * If lakes dried up, temperature would rise * Lack of rainfall and increased evaporation can lead to drought * Dry soil, dry air, and high winds can cause wildfires * 9 of 10 wildfires are caused by humans, lightning is the largest natural cause Chapter 10: * 70% of the earth is covered in water * Water flows in rivers, it picks up small amounts of mineral salts from the rocks and soil of the river beds. The water evaporates in oceans but the salt does not * The rise and fall of the surface caused by the sun, moon and earth cause tides * Spring tide: full/new moon, Neap tide: first/last quarter moon Chapter 11: * Nitrogen and oxygen make up most of the atmosphere * Permanent gases remain in the atmosphere, variable gases fluctuate at a given time and place in the atmosphere * Water vapor content is the greatest close to the surface * Decay of vegetation and exhalation of animals is a source of carbon dioxde, the breakdown of bacteria found in rice paddies and livestock is a source of methane * Lapse: lack of radiative heating and not many air molecules…inversion: reversal of the normal decrease of air temperature with altitude, or of water temperature with depth. * Troposphere: Lapse, stratosphere: inversion, mesosphere: lapse, thermosphere: inversion * Auroras: thermosphere, ozone layer: stratosphere, weather: troposphere...
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...by what components? Answer = evaporation, and condensation. The warm water evaporated into water vapors, that it transformed back into a liquid state during the condensation process. 2. Which processes are not represented? How could the model be altered to include these processes? Answer = surface run off, infiltration, and percolation. Its components is how the water vapor turns to gas. 3. How would the “weather” be affected if the water was at a decreased temperature? What about at an increased temperature? Answer = if it is decreased temperature the weather will be cold or stay warm within a humidity climate. And if the temperature increase the weather will be hot because we know that the water is being evaporate at that time according to the water cycle process. Experiment 1: Water Movement POST LAB QUESTIONS 1. Develop a hypothesis predicting the effect of sunlight on evaporation? Hypothesis = direct sunlight will lead up to more evaporation. The direct photons of light increases the motion of the water molecules it strikes giving them a better a chance to evaporate. 2. Based on the results of your experiment, would you reject or accept the hypothesis that you produced in question 1? Explain how you determined this. Accept/reject = I will accept it. Why? Because the photon of the sun can have more evaporation on water. You can tell if you can see something...
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