...CJS 200 Foundations of the Criminal Justice System Course Start Date: 08/01/2011 Group ID: AAGR0Z9835 Facilitator: Lee Rankin Copyright Copyright © 2011, 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. University of Phoenix® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft®, Windows®, and Windows NT® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix® editorial standards and practices. ------------------------------------------------- Course Description This course is an introductory overview of the organization and jurisdictions of local, state, and federal law enforcement, judicial and corrections agencies, and processes involved in the criminal justice systems. It examines the historical aspects of the police, the courts, and the correctional system, as well as the philosophy. Additionally, career opportunities and qualifying requirements, terminology, and constitutional limitations of the system will also be covered. ------------------------------------------------- Course Topics and Objectives Week One: The Criminal Justice System 1 * Define crime and its...
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...Criminal Justice System CJA-204 June 01, 2015 Criminal Justice System Crime is “any act or omission in violation of penal law, committed without defense or justification, and made punishable by the state in a judicial proceeding” (Schmalleger, Hall, Dolatowski, 2010, p. 4). Laws are principles and regulations that are established to keep the people in some form of order. If the people stray from these regulations and principles, they may actually be committing a crime. Government Structure The criminal justice system is made up of agencies from the local, state, and federal levels. There are also three branches of government. These three branches of government include the Legislature, Judicial, and Executive branches. The legislative branch is responsible for making the laws. The judicial branch is responsible for determining if laws are constitutional and can also overturn prior rulings by other judges. The executive branch is responsible for signing and vetoing laws. A president is elected, by the people, to be the head of the executive branch every four years. Choice Theories Choice theories are explanations as to why crime is committed. These theories come in the form of eight general categories. These categories include classical, biological, psychological, psychobiological, sociological, social process, conflict, and emergent. Classical theory involves the individual’s exercise of his or her free will. Biological theory refers to genes that cause...
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...Abstract In this paper I will be discussing the three components of the Criminal Justice System and three main functions of each. I will also explain how the creation of the Department of Homeland Security changed the structure of federal law enforcement along with whether or not its creation enhanced or hindered the coordination of federal law enforcement efforts. Assignment 1.1 The American Criminal Justice System is a large and complex system consisting of many different people trying to complete many different tasks. As complex and sometimes confusing the system is, it can be broken down into three main parts. Those parts are: Police, Courts, and Corrections. Each part has very distinct roles. The roles of the police are to serve as the initial contact an offender has with the criminal justice system. The police are charged with maintain civil and social order. They also investigate wrong doings and make an arrest. After arrest, the offender then moves into the second part of the criminal justice system, the courts. The courts are where the offender is allowed to argue in his/her defense. In America, we offer the right to an attorney provided by the state, if the offender cannot afford a private one. The judge, or jury, will hear the case and all arguments by the prosecution and the defense, and then make a ruling. If the offender is found “not guilty,” he/she is released from the criminal justice system. If the offender is found “guilty,” he/she then moves...
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...Criminal Justice Systems Susan Hornberger CJA/204 January 27, 2013 James E. Konopasek, Ph.D Criminal Justice Systems Crime can be defined as; “Conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse” (Schmalleger, 2011, p. 7). With this definition, without laws, there would be no such thing as crime as we know it today for there would be no way to violate something that did not exist. Next we will discuss the two most common models of how society determines which acts are criminal. The first model is referred to as the Consensus Model. This model assumes that each of the component parts of the criminal justice system strives toward a common goal and that the movement of cases and people through the system is smooth because of the cooperation between the various components of the system (Schmalleger, 2011). The second model is referred to as the Conflict Model. This model assumes that the system’s components function primarily to serve their own interests. This model assumes that justice is more a product of conflicts among agencies within the system than it is the result of cooperation among component agencies (Schmalleger, 2011). Both models have something to tell us. Agencies of justice and at all levels should be concerned when the goal of justice is affected because of the conflicts between the systems. The criminal justice system is composed...
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...| [pic] |College of Criminal Justice and Security | | |CJA/204 Version 2 | | |Introduction to Criminal Justice | Copyright © 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is an introductory overview of the organization and jurisdictions of local, state, and federal law enforcement, judicial and corrections agencies, and processes involved in the criminal justice systems. It examines the historical aspects of the police, the courts, and the correctional system, as well as the philosophy. Additionally, career opportunities and qualifying requirements, terminology and constitutional limitations of the system will also be covered. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending...
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...CRAFTON-HILL_CRJ201_MORENO_WK1_DISC1_THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM_11/17/15 The Criminal Justice System Notes Law enforcement The function of the police in attempting to control criminal behavior through arrests and citations. What is the judicial branch of the criminal justice system? The judicial branch is responsible for overseeing the local, state, and federal court systems. It explains the meaning of the Constitution and laws passed by the legislative branch and enforced by the executive branch. Now the Supreme Court is ahead of the judicial branch because it is the highest court of the land. Criminal justice is defined as the "system of practices and institutions of governments directed at upholding social control, deterring and mitigating crime, and sanctioning those who violate laws with criminal penalties and rehabilitation efforts." To accomplish these tasks, the criminal justice system is broken down into three main branches: law enforcement, adjudication and corrections. The law enforcement sector of the criminal justice system includes the police force that investigates crimes or the possibilities of wrong doing, and makes arrests. They are tasked with keeping the peace, maintaining social order and enforcing criminal laws. While they are not allowed to break the law themselves, they are allowed to employ various coercive and forceful tactics to accomplish their jobs. After a suspect has been arrested, they will more than likely face the next branch of criminal justice. The second branch...
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...Theory of Justice Analysis Michael Lemke 532 February 20, 2012 Scott Schoellkopf Theory of Justice Analysis People need to know what crime analysis is to ensure that the current justice analysis is in place to discuss the theory of justice. An emerging field in law enforcement is crime analysis. A criminal justice agency new to criminal analysis may have difficulties in determining its main focus. Crime analysis is the breaking point for people who commit acts in violation of laws. Philosophy and ethics comes into play to deal with fairness in the theory of justice analysis. This paper will begin with an explanation of some of the principles in how the theories differ from traditional utilitarianism. The second part of this paper will continue with the explanation of how modern criminal justice agencies and other entities define justice. This paper will conclude with how security defines justice. The state of nature from the political theorists of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau states that men were under the assumption of only thinking about themselves, and they did dedicate themselves to their own interests. “Hobbes proposed an autocracy that protects its citizens through its very existence, leaving them no enforceable rights; Locke advanced a liberal regime in which life, liberty, and property are kept safe from governmental discretion, as they are seen as natural human characters; and Rousseau saw politics itself as a remedy for the discontents of private...
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...policing; in fact, the law enforcement structure of the United States been called the most complex system in the world (Schmalleger 2011). There are three major components that exist within the legislative and judicial jurisdictions in the United States; they are federal, state, and local agencies. Each of these jurisdictions has created and designated different police agencies to enforce their laws. Although, they all work to enforce laws to keep citizens safe, the uniformity between the agencies is not so bonded. The function, authority and or even the naming of the agencies are all separately decided. In an already complicated system, it is becoming complex with the growth of private security firms; they operate on a for-profit basis and provide services that have traditionally been regarded as law enforcement activities (Schmalleger 2011). The Federal Bureau of Investigation known in short as the FBI is a federal agency and just might be the most known and recognized law enforcement agency in the world. The FBI has been around for about 100 years. It started off as the Bureau of Investigation in 1908. The FBI main objective today is as follows “The Mission of the FBI is to protect and defend the United States against terrorist and foreign intelligence threats; to uphold and enforce the criminal laws of the United States; and to provide leadership and criminal justice services to federal, state, municipal, and international agencies and partners.” There are nearly...
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...Week One Read Me First INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE Introduction This course introduces the student to concepts of research in criminal justice. In this section, we explore the basics of what research is and what it can do in the criminal justice system. This week, the student is exposed to a variety of new terminology relating to research and meet the following objectives. • Explore the scientific approach to criminal justice research. • Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative research. • Differentiate between pure and applied research. • Specify the various functions of the research process. • Summarize the meaning of research ethics and examine the codes of ethics in criminal justice research. • Assess the nature and diversity of ethical dilemmas in criminological research. • Explore the meaning of statistics and the basic ideas behind any statistical study. This Week in Relation to the Course CJA/334 addresses various questions and problems of various components of the criminal justice system. As with other disciplines, criminal justice is sometimes difficult to define, as it involves issues that involve cross-discipline issues from psychology and public administration to sociology and law. Criminal justice research addresses all aspects from police, courts, corrections, criminal procedures, juveniles, and a host of other mundane problems faced by stakeholders. Heffner (2004) states that research...
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...Criminal Justice Maria Pringle American InterContinental University 03-24-2012 Abstract The criminal justice system is a set of agencies and processes that are established by the government to control crime. The justice system is no single system; but divides into many that operate separately. How the criminal justice system work depends on jurisdiction. Different jurisdictions have different laws, agencies, and ways they handle the justice process. The main systems are state and federal. The state handles crimes inside their state boundaries. The federal handle crimes committed on federal property (Criminal justice, 2008). The Criminal Justice System Majority of the criminal justice systems have five components: law enforcement, prosecution, defense attorneys, courts, and corrections. Each of these teams plays a key role in the criminal justice process. Law enforcement officers take reports of crimes that happen in their area. They investigate, gather, and protect evidence of a crime. They make arrest, give testimony in court, and conduct follow-up investigation. Prosecutors are lawyers who represent the state or federal. Prosecutors review evidence that the law enforcement gathers; and decides on if any charges are going to be filed. They present evidence in court, question witnesses, and negotiate plea bargains with defendants. They can use their discretion on how to prosecute the case. Victims can contact the prosecutor’s office to find out who is in charge...
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...issues discussed in Block 3, evaluate the reliability and validity of this account. You should use your conclusion to explain why you agree or disagree with Fraser’s position. Introduction The notion that the prison institution has failed as an establishment has been gradually gaining some popularity in consideration of the recent times, especially in this ‘postmodern’ era, where society is becoming more open to the discourse and discussion of the deconstruction of our many traditional and long established components of civilization, such as our typical ‘correctional’ establishments, or prison facilities (Davis 2000). In fact, there is already what is commonly referred to as the ‘prison abolition movement’ which is a collective, but not necessarily organized, worldview that is inclined to subscribe to the belief that a society can function better without prisons, and without prisoners thus. This position is backed up by a comprehensive set of criticisms against the modern form or structure of the criminal justice mechanism, which is argued to be predominantly predisposed allow racism (Davis 2007), sexism and reinforcement of the disadvantages of being part of the lower economic class of the society. More importantly, the anti-prison discourse argues that the prison system is an ineffective and costly means of preventing crime and rehabilitating the criminals, and thus goes to advocate alternative forms of Penalty such as those related to community service. Such a worldview...
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...embrace information technology to be more competent and to develop competitive advantages. In this study we will focus on the implementation of e-government: The case of e-judiciary in Mauritius. E-government is the application of IT in the provision of government and services with an aim of minimizing the burden of public administration and the business activities to its citizens. According to Wikipedia, e-government refer to “government use of information and communication (ICT) to exchange information and services with citizen (government- to-citizen, or G2c), businesses (Government-to-business, or G2B), and other arms of government ( Government-to-government, or G2G)”. In Mauritius e-government is available at http://www.gov.mu The component that need to be installed for e-government to be effective include websites for assessment of information, improvement of service delivery, rendering affordable and reliable the telecommunication and electricity connectivity, information technology to liberate citizen, well developed infrastructure: such as computer hardware and software, adequate funding, availability of adequate skill human resources to collect and organize information and well developed government policies (silock 2001) The need for e-government Information...
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...THE VIEWS OF THE TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO POLICE SERVICE (TTPS) VERSUS THE TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO PRIVATE SECURITY AGENCIES (PSA) WORKING TOGETHER TOWARDS CRIME PREVENTION, IN THE MARABELLA POLICE DIVISION. A Research Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in Criminal Justice of College of Science, Technology & Applied Arts of Trinidad & Tobago Troy Donawa 2015 Department of Criminal Justice & Legal Studies School of Liberal Arts and Human Services. Abstract The employment of private security officers has increased considerably internationally and especially throughout developing countries of the world. Trinidad and Tobago are no exceptions. While the private security sector has increased, concerns are raised on how the public police see these new agents of private policing and their role and ability towards crime prevention. This research will examine the views of officers of the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS) and Private Security Agencies (PSA) working together towards crime prevention. The study will examine the legislation, responsibilities, attitudes towards each other and whether cooperation exist between both sectors. The research conducted in the Marabella Police Division and there were ninety-one (91) participants. The discussion examined the literature review, Routine Activity Theory and the findings of the participants. The findings suggest that there is a need for improved...
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...THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM CHAPTER ONE Chapter Outline Origins of the Juvenile Justice System Juvenile Court Jurisdiction Defining Delinquency Defining a Juvenile Chapter Objectives After completing this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Describe the jurisdiction of the juvenile court. 2. Explain what is meant by delinquency. 3. Explain what is meant by status offenses. 4. Compare the ways in which the various states define a juvenile. 5. Identify and define the unique terms used in the juvenile justice system. 6. Outline the three major steps in the juvenile justice process. 7. Describe the five decision points in the juvenile justice process. The Language of Juvenile Justice Overview of the Juvenile Justice System Law Enforcement and Other Referral Sources Juvenile Court Disposition Comparison of Juvenile and Criminal Justice Systems 8. Compare and contrast the juvenile and criminal justice systems. 3 4 PART ONE Juvenile Justice and Delinquency in the United States Origins of the Juvenile Justice System Before the establishment of the juvenile justice system, courts and judges treated juveniles as adults and, in many instances, juvenile offenders received the same punishment as adults. There was only one system of justice in the United States, and all offenders were processed through it without regard to age. Under common law doctrine, the legal system the American colonists brought from England, a juvenile age seven or older could receive the same...
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...Community Corrections or Incarceration Are community corrections a better solution than incarceration? Michelle Brooks ITT Technical Institute Community Corrections or Incarceration Abstract In this research paper will read about different subjects and topics that pertain to incarceration and community corrections. The incarceration rate is going up in the United States while at the same time community corrections is slowly fading away because of limited support from the local communities and government officials within each state. In this research I hope to find out those community corrections has more to offer than incarceration. In conclusion incarceration is not the right way but community corrections will be. Community Corrections or Incarceration Table of Contents Abstract Introduction Background on Community Corrections Background on Incarceration Effectives of Community Corrections Effectives of Incarceration Programs dealing with Community Corrections Programs while Incarcerated Theory Interview with Mr. Sharron Wilson Result Reference Page Community Corrections or Incarceration Introduction Community Corrections is a better solution than incarceration because it offers many different alternative programs for several different types of offenders. Incarceration also offers similar programs...
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