...Case Study 2 – Mastering Teacher Leadership Business Research Methods 1 This case presents a situation that is quite common in the education field and addresses the responses by institutions to new legislation imposed upon them. As is often the case, the legislators do not address the impacts to organizations, leaving the actual implementation to the end user (i.e., public and private schools). In this particular case, Wittenburg University (WU) is faced with the decision of whether to develop and deliver a Master of Arts degree in classroom leadership. 1.) Build the management-research question hierarchy for this opportunity. The initial step in the research is the creation of a management-research question hierarchy, to formalize the process. For this case study, the management-research hierarchy is presented in Appendix A. The purpose of this hierarchy is to examine the various stages of the research question and present a logical sequence of increasing focus that will allow the development of a survey instrument that can be delivered to potential program applicants. The initial stage is to identify and state the management dilemma, which in this case is the impending new legislation. The State of Ohio intends to require all licenced teachers to have, or complete, a master’s degree before obtaining their second licensure to teach. Given that this is new legislation and WU is not obligated to offer a program, the “management dilemma” actually presents an opportunity...
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...Understanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 2 Which type of research design— exploratory, descriptive, or causal—is appropriate for the following examples? Explain why. • The goal of this research is to discover the real nature of the problem and to suggest new possible solutions or new ideas. Exploratory- Find possible solutions, discard any options that don’t show possibilities of having a positive outcome. Establish this list of possible solutions, in preparation for testing without taking that next step of obtaining a proof. • A food manufacturer wants to know the demographics of people who purchase organic foods. Descriptive- To obtain a description of the type of people who like certain foods and the reasons behind their preferences. • A firm is considering hiring American celebrity Paris Hilton to endorse its products. Casual- This is the type of research that looks to see specific results caused by the use of certain promoting type efforts to get a cause and effect result. • British Airways would like to test in-flight Internet services on one of its regular flights from New York to Tokyo. The company charges $30 one week and $15 the next week. Casual- This is another example of cause and effect, what effects result based on the cause of what they are charging as a test base. • This type of study attempts to discover answers to the following questions: who, what, when, where, or how much. Descriptive- This type of method might be...
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...Stat1600 Solution to Midterm #1 Form D 1. The chest sizes, measured in inches, of Scottish militiamen in the early 19th century were recorded (adapted from DASL: Chest sizes of Militiamen). A histogram of chest sizes shows an approximately normal curve. It is known that the mean chest size is 39.4 inches with a standard deviation of 2.2 inches. Given this information, use the Z-Table provided to answer the following questions: (a) (15 points) What percentage of soldiers having chest size under 37.2 inches? Note that the z-score of 37.2 is 37.2 − 39.4 = −1.00 2.2 z= Hence, the chance that a soldier having chest size under 37.2 inches can be computed as the area under the Z curve to the left of −1.00 which equals the area to the right of 1.00 and is calculated as 1−0.8413 =0.1587 (see figures below). That is, 15.87%. = = 1−0.8413 = 0.1587 =1− −1.00 1.00 z z 1.00 z (b) (10 points) What percentage of soldiers having chest size between 35 and 43.8 inches? Note that the z-score for 35 is z= 35 − 39.4 = −2.00 2.2 and that the z-score for 43.8 is z= 43.8 − 39.4 = 2.00. 2.2 Hence the percentage of men soldiers having chest size between 35 and 43.8 inches is the area (in percentage) under the Z curve bounded by −2.00 and 2.00 which is approximately 95% according to the empirical rules. 1 Using Z Table, the probability is 0.9544 or 95.44%: =1− −2.00 2.00 =2x −2.00 z −1 2.00 = 2x0.9772...
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...Opinion towards Death Penalty and Feeling Thermometer Towards Democratic Presidential Candidate Introduction: The research question that we are trying to address here is to find out whether an individual's Presidential candidate choice and opinion towards favoring the death penalty is associated. Although, The United Nations General Assembly has adopted, in 2007, 2008 and 2010, non-binding resolutions calling for a global moratorium on executions, with a view to eventual abolition, countries like China, India, USA etc. still continue to apply death penalty. In 2012 alone, 43 cases of capital punishment was recorded in the USA.[1] But, A recent Gallup poll found the lowest level of support for the death penalty in America since 1972.[2] The key objective of this study was to gauge whether this decreasing support towards death penalty have any association with their opinion towards the Presidential candidate in the 2012 elections. Data: The American National Elections Study (ANES 2012 time series data) was used for the purpose of this study. ANES study asked various questions regarding electoral participation, voting behavior and public opinion to a sample of US eligible voters, in two waves, pre and post election and the data was collected and recorder either by face-to-face interviews or over the internet. A processed version of this data-set can be found at the following location: http://bit.ly/dasi_anes_data [3] The data set contains a total of 5,914 cases and 205 variables...
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...Acknowledgement We would like to recall with gratitude, the tremendous support and encouragement, which we received from our honourable faculty Mr. Nurul Hasan Khan. As an Instructor and Advisor to the report,he made critical reviews of our work as we progress through each stage, provided valuable insights and academic training to improve the quality of the work. We are grateful for his stimulating guidance and encouragement during the period of preparation this project. Without his guidance, this would simply not have been possible. We would also like to thank the manager(please include name) of Mainland Chine for their suppoer in conducting this research Executive Summary Table of Content Part 1 Introduction Company Profile Basic information Mainland China, located in Uttara, Dhaka, is an outlet of the international Chinese restaurant chain owned by Speciality Group based in Kolkata, India. The Dhaka outlet is the chain's first international restaurant outside India, it is their first revolving one and the first such one to be at the topmost floor of a 14-storied high-rise. The other concerns of Speciality Group are Sigri, Oh! Calcutta, Flame and Grill, Machaan--all serving different cuisines. Geographical terriotory: Currently Mainland China boasts 41 other outlets throughout India in cities like Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore and so on. In Bangladesh, The chain plans to open operation in Gulshan, banana and Chittagong soon. Background: ...
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...1.0 Problem Definition 1.1 Background to the problem Bangladesh is a country with wide technological advancement opportunities. In this developing country not very few but a large number of people are growing up with new advance technological innovation Smart phone. This average large group of people is using Smart Phone, and there are some significant reasons behind their likings and using of Smart Phone. More over 9.63 crore people of Bangladesh are using mobile phone recorded by Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission. From these large numbers of mobile users maximum 34 percent people users are using Smart Phone. Persons/Customers insights or what overall influencing factors are related and their significant affect on purchasing decision of Smart Phone are to be discovered by our research. More precisely, what are the actual factors people consider before purchasing a Smart Phone is to find out through our research. However to attain this research we do not need to understand the nature and competition of the market of smart phone rather the basic things (special consideration needed at the time of purchasing smart phone by customers & users) we had brought in our consideration like price, status, design, features, brand image, warranty, which our research intends to find out by doing survey on current users. 1.2 Statement of the problem The research ultimate goal is to find out what are the significant factors that influence/affect customer...
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...Communicative Language Teaching The aim of this unit • To make you think about communicative approach to teaching languages • To analyse the concept of communicative competence • To reflect upon the communicative teaching techniques What do you have to do in this unit? • Warming up discussions • Input reading • Self-assessment questions (SAQS) • Exploratory tasks • Integrated task Warming up discussion 0 Warm up the concept of a “communicative situation” (situation, in which it is necessary to communicate orally and/or through writing in order to achieve a certain goal). Produce a “mind map” of the concept listing most typical communicative situations in your own real world Communicative situations Input reading 1 The way towards communicative teaching Warming-up discussion 1.1 Rate in order of importance the items that the students need in order to master the language communicatively (more than one item can get one rank) |Items |Rating | |Vocabulary | | |Grammar | | |Pronunciation | | |Knowledge...
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...opportunity that Sunshine Coast tourism department and surf school quest to into Chinese international students market (Mihai, 2012). However, due to the gap of lifestyle between Chinese and western world, surf business gained low market share in this tourism competition. This research is going to set up market decision problem, research problem and objectives. This case analyse will use research technique, including Repertory Grid Analysis, to examine and overcome barrier that blocking surf industry into Chinese market. Decision maker’s key goal To increase a number of Chinese tourists in surf business in order to grow market share in tourism industry. Marketing decision problem MDP: should Sunshine Coast surf school develop a new product to attract Chinese student market? Due to china’s unique culture and geography, travel psychology and behaviour of Chinese tourists are specializing and difference with western world (Ivy & Peter, 2008). In terms of market performance of Chinese tourists, they cannot adapt adventure environment in Australia and play risky surfing in Sunshine Coast particularly. When the original surf product cannot satisfy targeted Chinese market, developing new products and providing a wide range of surfing products need to be considered. As a marketer to explore Chinese tourists market to promote surfing activities, it is meaningful to develop a new surfing product that concept with target consumer terms. To change Chinese tourists’ perceptive of risky...
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...OUTCOMES 1. Classify marketing research as either exploratory research, descriptive research, or causal research. 2. List the major stages of the marketing research process and the steps within each. 3. Understand the concepts of theory and hypothesis and the critical role they play in research. 4. Know the difference between a research project and a research program. Marketing Research - Spring 2013 - Dr. Raoul V. Kübler 2 Key ways in which researchers contribute to decision making: 1. Helping to better define the current situation 2. Defining the firm—determining how consumers, competitors, and employees view the firm 3. Providing ideas for product improvements or possible new product development 4. Testing ideas that will assist in implementing the marketing mix strategy for the firm 5. Examining how correct a certain marketing theory is in a given situation Marketing Research - Spring 2013 - Dr. Raoul V. Kübler 5 Types of Marketing Research • Exploratory • Descriptive • Causal Marketing Research - Spring 2013 - Dr. Raoul V. Kübler 6 Exploratory Research • Exploratory Research • Conducted to clarify ambiguous situations or discover ideas that may be potential business opportunities. • Initial research conducted to clarify and define the nature of a problem. • Does not provide conclusive evidence • Subsequent research expected • Particularly useful in new product development. • Exploratory Research and Problem Solving • Symptoms – observable...
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...information – information used to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems What are the uses of Marketing Research • Identify marketing opportunities and problems • Generate, refine, and evaluate potential marketing actions • Monitor marketing performance • Improve marketing as a process Ch2 Marketing Research Process Step 1: Establish the Need Research takes time and costs money Step 2: Define the Problem • If the problem is incorrectly defined, all else is wasted effort. • Problems may be either specific or general. Step 3: Establish Objectives Research objectives, when achieved, provide the information necessary to solve the problem identified in step 2 Step Four: Determine Research Design • Exploratory Research: collecting information in an unstructured and informal manner. • Descriptive Research refers to a set of methods and procedures describing marketing variables Causal Research (experiments): allows isolation of causes and effects Step 5: Identify Information Types...
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...of mobile banking by the mobile users. It has been identified that variables like speed of the transaction through mobile, Mobility access, functions provided by mobile banking, ability to learn, perceived cost, perceived utility, perceived Risk etc play important role in the adoption rate of mobile banking. With the convergence of banking services and mobile technologies, users are able to conduct banking services at any place and at any time through mobile banking. The increasing ownership of smartphones in India and rest of the world has made this service accessible to large masses. For banks, mobile banking vis a vis other traditional forms of banking is a highly preferred channel as it cuts down on costs in the long run. Also it provides a highly convenient option to customers as they can carry out their banking transactions at a click of a button wherever they like. To realize this win-win situation, it becomes highly important to identify the key factors affecting the adoption of mobile banking by the mobile users. It has been identified that variables like speed of the transaction through mobile, Mobility access, functions provided by mobile banking, ability to learn, perceived cost, perceived utility, perceived Risk etc play important role in the adoption rate of mobile banking. Data for this study was collected primarily using electronic or web based survey along...
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...Indian professionals. Step2: Developing an approach to the problem – Exploratory research for identifying set of satisfaction drivers and conclusive research for identifying key satisfaction drivers. Step3: Research design * Exploratory Research(To generate hypothesis) * Depth Interview- not required since it is not a personal product, no expert’s review also required for cell phones. * Laddering – We are not trained professionals, so we are avoiding laddering * Observation, Ethnographic, Net-no graphic - Time consuming * Focus Group – 2 Group’s of homogenous focus group discussion (working professionals less than 5 years, working professionals greater than 5 years) * Conclusive Research * Probability sampling – not possible since no access to mobile user data base. * Non-Probability sampling – * Convenience – less quantitative tools only possible so this method is avoided * Judgmental – since everyone are mobile user no one can be given additional weight age. * Quota - it is logical as satisfaction differs as per user age group * Snowball – everyone uses mobile so snowball method not required. * Sample size estimation – (150 samples) – suggested by Professor * Questionnaire Preparation * Like scale is planned to be used as it will be easy for working professionals to fill. Step 4: Exploratory Research * Focus Group1 (7 young professionals , Time- 2hrs,...
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...Do Research Problems Have To Be Specific? George A. Ollennu Abstract It is a view widely held in the scientific research community that the research problem and related questions are the most important part of a study. Generally, however, a research problem gives a rather broad overview with just enough information about the scope and purpose of the study to provide an initial understanding of the study. In view of its importance to the entire research process, this paper assesses through literature review whether a research problem should be specific - defined as explicit, precise and definite. It is found that a research problem may or may not be specific depending on the research paradigm and its objectives. While positivist (quantitative) problems are specific, closed, static, outcome-oriented and imply the use of variables, interpretist (qualitative) problems, are found to be general, open, evolving and process-oriented. Introduction Research originates from the need to solve a problem. The problem is the reason for and the focus of the research. As such, its formulation directly impacts the quality, relevance, efficiency and effectiveness of the research. This paper examines literature in an attempt to answer the question: Do research problems have to be specific, defined as explicit, precise and definite? There is little agreement among social scientist as to the most effective procedure for formulating research problems (Brewer & Hunter, 2006). Some researchers...
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...decade. Tourism is one of the most important sectors in a large number of developing countries. Increases in economic growth, disposable income and leisure time, political stability, and aggressive tourism campaigns, among others factors, have fuelled the significant growth of tourism. Developing countries have some common characteristics, such as extreme poverty and widespread conflict (including civil war and ethnic clashes), extensive political corruption, lack of political and social stability, human resource weakness (human assets index, nutrition, health, education and adult literacy), and economic vulnerability. Bangladesh is a developing country in Asia, holding high potentiality for tourism. Bangladesh Parjatan Corporation (BPC) plays an important role for the development of tourism. For a long time, Bangladesh has been an attractive destination for tourists. But at present, its position is not significant in terms of the international tourism market. The overall objective of this research is to identify the issues and challenges in tourism marketing facing Bangladesh. Key wards: tourism, developing county, marketing, and case study 1. Introduction The role of international tourism in generating economic benefits has long been...
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...Technology Address for correspondence: Faculty of Business and Enterprise Swinburne University of Technology John Street, Hawthorn Victoria, Australia 3122 Phone: +61 3 9214 4471 Fax: +61 3 9819 2117 E-mail: eelijidoten@swin.edu.au 1 Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Methods In Environmental Accounting Research Abstract Purpose: To explore how the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods can enhance a study on the environmental reporting decisions made by Malaysian companies using the emergent stakeholder theory. Methodology/approach: The paper provides an illustration of how the descriptive, exploratory and explanatory type of research is entrenched with the objectives of the research and how the combination of quantitative (statistical regression and weighting/mean ranking) and qualitative (archival analysis, qualitative interviews) methods may enhance accounting research not only from results that corroborate. Findings: The three-fold objective of this study, corresponding to its three phases, illustrates that combining qualitative and quantitative methods involves considerations at each phase of the investigation. The research design shows that when the researcher work with different types of data within the same project, the way data is used varies according to the objective and type of each phase (descriptive, explanatory and/or explanatory) of the research project. Each phase may have a particular aim and may address different...
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