Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study

Education prepares children for the world of work and helps them to develop their personal talents, discover who they are, and where they would best fit into society’s workforce as viewed by the Functionalist. They see three main function of education; role allocation, providing skills, and socialization. Education can be seen to provide pupils/ students with the curriculum and hidden curriculum; teaching skills that will prepare them physically, mentally and socially for the world of work in later life (Szarowicz, 2004). This concept of education determines how education is essential for one’s life. It is the milestone towards success. Even though an individual came from an informal type of education they can still acquire knowledge that may be beneficial for their goodness. It trains future individual to be ready for their chosen career. Since then, education together with hard work, perseverance and determination is the only key behind every achievement. This achievement can be aspire through the good foundation of Basic Education which is equal to 6 years in elementary and 4 years in high school from the old curriculum and that is presently the Enhance Basic Education or the K to 12 Curriculum that is equivalent to 1 year kindergarten, 6 years elementary, 4 years in junior high school and 2 years senior high school. While the students or the learners progress in the levels of education acquisition of skills such as playing active construction of his learning, problem-solving, exploration, experimentation and curiosity, inquisitiveness, and spontaneity decision-making and social interaction (Piaget, 1969 as cited in Developmental reading 2). Basic Education is the foundation of all aspects that help an individual to be trained well to be ready for pursuing tertiary education. Tertiary education refers to any type of education pursued beyond the high school level. This includes diplomas, undergraduate certificates, and associate’s, bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral degrees. Undergraduate programs include any postsecondary education that takes up to four years to complete, including certificates, diplomas, and associate’s and bachelor’s degrees. Graduate programs typically require prior completion of an undergraduate degree and include diploma, certificate, master’s and doctoral degree program. As the college of PESCAR begin to offer 4 programs which are the Bachelor of Physical Education major in Dance, School Physical Education and Sports and Wellness-Management and Bachelor of Music Education from the school year 2012-2013 issues about students that are subject to shift or transfer from one major to the other may be observed and is present in all circumstances given that the college has now 4 majors to offer. The fact that choosing a major is a choice that should be intentional and based on knowledge of one’s self and when the wrong choice is made, the implications can be harsh. Ideally, a major will leave a student academically successful, as well as fulfil academic, personal, and vocational goals. Therefore due to the potential positive or negative impact the choice of a major can have on the student experience, it is imperative for institutions to delay major choice until the second year, when students are more developmentally ready and educationally prepared to make an effective choice (St. John, 2000, p 22). The paradigm showing the relationship of variables considered in this study is presented in Figure 1. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Figure 1.Factors affecting PESCAR students to shift major by sex, interest and year level.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the factors affecting PESCAR students to shift major. Specifically, it will seek answer to the following questions;
1. What are the factors affecting PESCAR students to shift major when taken as an entire group ?
2. Is there a significant differencein the factors affecting PESCAR students to shift major whenclassified according to sex, field of interest, and year level?
Significance of the Study
The findings of the study may benefit curriculum makers, teachers, students, parents and future researchers. With the data gathered, curriculum makers may gain deeper insight as how to design and plan the curriculum that the students will know about the curriculum before they enrolled.
This study also provides information for the teachers to ensure the students assessment and aptitude examination are fit to their ability and skills. The students are the direct recipients of this study that they should know their interest. Through this study, the students’ choosing a major is a choice that should be intentional and based on knowledge of one’s self. As a result of this study the number of students who shift a major must be reduce and lessen.
The data gathered may likewise assist the parents to create a learning environment and to motivate their child to the learning/interest that they have not achieved.
The findings of this study may further contribute to the body of knowledge which may serve as bases for further research.
Definition of Terms
For the clearer understanding the following terms were defined conceptually and operationally:
Affect-- the conscious subjective aspects of an emotion considered apart from bodily changes. (Merriam Dictionary)
In this study, affect will be used as the subject of the research.
Factor --a circumstance, fact or influence that contributes to a result. ()
In this study, the term factor will be used as the .
Major — relating to a subject of academic study chosen as a field or specialization.(Merriam dictionary).
In this study, major will be used as a specialization where students can choose.
Pescar— an acronym for Physical Education, Sports, Culture, Arts and Recreation.As a fountainhead of some information in training and technique skills. (Gestosani&Gito, 2015)
In this study, PESCAR will be used as a college where it offers a Four-Degree program.
Students--learner or a person who studying at a university or college (oxford dictionary).
In this study, students will be used as the main recipient
Shift –to change direction or move from one person or place to another.
In this study, shift will be used as.
Delimitation of the Study
This descriptive study aimed to determine the factors affecting PESCAR students to shift majors. This study was conducted during the second semester of school year 2015-2016, the 4th year of the College of PESCAR to offer 4 major courses. The respondents of the study were the thirty (30) purposively students who consider themselves as a shifter from one major to another. The instrument used was the questionnaire-checklist.
The study will be conducted on the month of February 2016 with the thirty respondents from the College of PESCAR. The students were handled by the researchers.