...The Indian Rupee Crisis Economics Essay-1 In this paper we are going to examine the cause and the impact of rupee depreciation on the Indian economy. Since last few months Indian rupee came under great stress as overseas investors are paring their exposure to Asia’s third-largest economy amid international uncertainty and mounting worries over the domestic economy. In 2009 – 2010 the exchange rate was hovering around the 43 – 45 rupees per US Dollar level. And now it is around 55 – 56 levels, the main reasons to examine are increase in import bill, higher inflation, fiscal mismanagement and all resulting in higher cost of borrowing. The rupee has lost more than 15% of its value this year, making it one of the worst performing currencies in Asia. This paper reviews the probable reasons for this depreciation of the rupee and the outlook for the same. It also reflects on the policy options to help prevent the depreciation of the Rupee. This paper will firstly discuss about the economy of currency to give an overview of the problem and the factors related to it. Afterwards it will be examining the causes of the Indian rupee depreciation with respect to the Indian economy and the global economy. And after that it will analyse the impact of the same on trade and business. Finally, recommending the policy actions in response of the falling currency. II. LITERATURE REVIEW: These papers include the work which have been used as a basis or reference for formulating the policies regarding...
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...Project Report on Depreciation of Indian Rupee Seminar on Contemporary Issues of Management Submitted To: Submitted by: Ms. Tanya Nagpal Reema Bharti Reg no.10901821 Abstract In this project report on Depreciation of Indian Rupee I have highlighted the different aspects of this problem. The Indian economy is at crossroad today. The Indian rupee had depreciated 20% since January and one of the worst performing currencies in the emerging markets. In this report first of all the different factors upon which a currency’s value is depended are explained such as demand and supply, market sentiments, speculations, debt and fiscal policy, interest rates etc. There are various reasons because of which Indian Rupee depreciated. Major reasons such as volatility in market rates, increase in crude oil prices and its consumption, increased imports, poor management of CAD are playing actively in depreciating Indian rupee. As there are two sides of every coin. There are winners and losers in this case also. Broadly talking that whoever is paying dollar is loser and receiver of dollar is winner. Falling rupee value affected different sectors of economy in different way but if want to take a wide view, it is having negative impact on economy’s every sector. But we should not lose hope. In today’s volatile world...
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...The Rupee shortage has emerged as a major issue due to the recent increase in demand for Indian Rupees to meet transactions related to trade in goods, services and capital and financial transactions. This is not surprising since Bhutan imports most of what it consumes from India, including construction workers. There is also a huge outflow of Rupees annually on education, health, pilgrimage and other travel related expenses as well as remittances out of the country. To meet the increasing demand for Rupee, the Royal Monetary Authority (RMA) had to resort to purchase of Rupee through the sale of 200 million US dollars from international reserves in December 2011 and as the INR became acute again, by July 2012 Bhutan’s borrowing stood at INR 11.6 which includes INR3.6M from State Bank of India, INR 6M from Government of India and 2M from Druk Punjab Bank. The present Rupee shortage in the country can be attributed to two main factors (i) rise in aggregate demand; and (ii) limited supply. The increase in aggregate demand has led to surge (increase) in imports as the domestic production capacity is unable to support the demand. On the supply front, the earnings from electricity exports to India remain Bhutan’s single largest export item, followed by exports of processed minerals like ferrosilicon, calcium carbide, cement, etc. Demand factors Major imports Major imports include fuel, vehicles, heavy earthmoving equipment, industrial raw materials, food items and other...
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...economy is continuing to grow and based on the purchasing power parity, it is the third largest in the world at 4.76 trillion dollars. India is also the second largest in the world when it comes to workforce. India’s three major economic sectors are: agriculture, industry, and services. The original official currency of India is the Indian rupee. The Indian rupee has been falling against the US dollar, as shown in the graph below. The exchange rate between the Indian rupee and the US dollar over the past five years are: 43.319 in 2008, 48.405 in 2009, 45.726 in 2010, 46.671 in 2011, and 53.437 in 2012. (CIA) This means that one US dollar is equivalent to 53.437 rupees, in the year of 2012. This also means that the value of rupee is depreciating. A weaker rupee has its pros and cons. A weaker currency will make imports more expensive, the price of oil and other materials to import from foreign countries will go up. Since one of the big imports of India is crude oil, it only makes the economy worse. Higher oil price means higher transportation price, so therefore producing products will be more expensive and that leads to higher inflation. Rupee depreciation has its bright side for companies that exports goods. Exporters are the biggest beneficiaries of depreciation of rupees because every dollar they earn will turn into more rupees. One of the major issues in India is the outpouring population growth. It is the second most populated country in the world, just after China. The...
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...Opportunities and Challenges in Waste Water Treatment Market in India India's economy is the eleventh largest in the world by nominal GDP and the fourth largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). Following strong economic reforms from the socialist inspired economy of a post-independence Indian nation, the country began to develop a fastpaced economic growth, as free market principles were initiated in 1990 for international competition and foreign investment. The environment market in India is one that is developing rapidly. Environment-consciousness is gaining ascendancy thereby enhancing demand for hazardous waste management facilities. The ministry of environment and forests has identified 18 highly polluting industry sectors but the most sophisticated technology will have to be imported. There are good prospects for joint-ventures between Indian and foreign companies in this field. In a country famed for its superstitious beliefs and practices, there was no opposition - rather, there was a public welcome - to a clean-up of the Ganges which is considered a Holy River among the majority Hindus. The fact that society acknowledged that their Holy River could be polluted points to a growing understanding of environmental issues in India. And this is good news for foreign and domestic environment-related businesses. In addition to this, there are several products that India needs to import, some of which are storage containers made of, or lined with, waste-handling category materials...
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...International Trade & Finance life and economy of india The flag of India has three equal horizontal bands of saffron, white, and green with a blue chakra centered in the white band. The orange in the flag represents courage and sacrifice. The white represents truth, purity, and peace. The green represents faith, fertility, and chivalry. The blue chakra emblem is the Ashoka Chakra which is the Wheel of the Law. India shares borders with Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar (Burma), China, Nepal, and Pakistan. It also is bordered by the sea on the west, south, and east. India is currently home to about 1.13 billion people, representing a full 17% of the earth’s population. India, being a vast country does not fit into any one zone and occupies a large area of South Asia. It can be divided mainly into four climatic zones namely Alpine, Subtropical, Tropical, and Arid. Though divided into different climatic zones, India seems to be unified by primarily four seasons- winter, summer, advancing monsoon, and retreating monsoon. This cycle of seasons has been disturbed due to uncontrolled industrialization and other developmental activities resulting in drastic changes in climate. This has lead to climatic disasters such as drought, landslides, floods, and global warming. The unchecked cutting down of trees indirectly leads to landslide and drought. Annual floods have become part of life in many regions of India. The diverse climate...
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...ACQUISITION AND TRANSFER OF IMMOVABLE PROPERTY IN INDIA Acquisition and Transfer of Immovable Property in India A person resident outside India who is a citizen of India (NRI) can acquire by way of purchase, any immovable property in India other than agricultural land/plantation property/farm house. He can transfer any immovable property other than agricultural or plantation property or farm house to: a) A person resident outside India who is a citizen of India or b) A person of Indian origin resident outside India or c) A person resident in India. He may transfer agricultural land/ plantation property / farm house acquired by way of inheritance, only to Indian citizens permanently residing in India. Payment for acquisition of property can be made out of: i. Funds received in India through normal banking channels by way of inward remittance from any place of India or ii. Funds held in any non-resident account maintained in accordance with the provisions of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 and the regulations made by Reserve Bank Of India from time to time. Such payment can not be made either by traveller’s cheque or by foreign currency notes or by other mode than those specially mentioned above. A person resident outside India who is a person of Indian Origin (PIO) can acquire any immovable property in India other than agricultural land / farm house / plantation property:i. By way of purchase out of funds received by way of inward remittance ...
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...can take to stabilize the situation. Most importantly we will see if global economic uncertainty rides over all the other domestic factors to determine strength of a currency especially in developing economies. Why don’t we need a depreciating INR? The persistent decline in rupee is a cause of concern. Depreciation leads to imports becoming costlier which is a worry for India as it meets most of its oil demand via imports. Apart from oil, prices of other imported commodities like metals, gold etc will also rise pushing overall inflation higher. Even if prices of global oil and commodities decline, the Indian consumers might not benefit as depreciation will negate the impact. The depreciating rupee will add further pressure on the overall domestic inflation and since India is structurally an import intensive country, as reflected in the high and persistent current account deficits month after month, the domestic costs will rise on account of rupee depreciation. Exchange rate risk also drives away foreign investors which in turn depreciates the local currency. Indian Rupee is currently caught in this vicious cycle; it will have to find a stable level to regain investors’ confidence. The depreciating rupee has serious effects on the external debt figures of the nation. The total external debt has increased by Rs. 2186.8 billion to Rs 16384.9 billion by the end of November 2011. Factors that pushed INR into the well Continued Global uncertainty: Owing to uncertainty prevailing...
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...Economics 1,( BUS 121) Graded project number (05047700) The economic development in India followed socialist -inspired policies for most of its independent history, including state-ownership of many sectors; India’s per capita income increased at only around 1% annualized rate in the three decades after its independence. Since the mid-1980s, India has slowly opened up its markets through economic liberalization after more fundamental reforms since 1991 and their renewal in the 2000s, India has progressed towards a free market economy In the late 2000s, India's growth reached 7.5%, which will double the average income in a decade. Analysts say that if India pushed more fundamental market reforms, it could sustain the rate and even reach the government's 2011 target of 10%.States have large responsibilities over their economies. The annualized 1999–2008 growth rate for Tamilnadu (9.9), Gujarat (9.6%), Haryana (9.1%), or Delhi (8.9%) were significantly higher than for Bihar (5.1%), Uttar Pradesh (4.4%), or Madhya Pradesh (6.5%). India is the tenth-largest economy in the world and the third largest by purchasing power parity adjusted exchange rates (PPP). On per capita basis, it ranks 140th in the world or 129th by PPP. The economic growth has been driven by the expansion of services that have been growing consistently faster than other sectors. It is argued that the pattern of Indian development has been a specific one and that the country may be able to skip the intermediate...
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...Fearless and Falling Man In the movie Fearless, it narrated how Max Klein reacted in his life after he survived from a terrible air crash. Although Max had been able to survive in the crash and helped other passengers on the air to escape from the fired airplane, he was living under the shadow of the air crash. The terrible air crash brought Max both painful memories about the crash. In general, Max’s behavior is a kind of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a kind of anxiety disorder. This kind of disorder is able to occur after someone has gone through a traumatic event involving injury or death. For example, it was hard for Max to walk out of the shadow of the air crash. That is, the memory about the crash belonging to Max was indelible. The fact drove Max’s memory simulated and indelible is the process his getting out of the plane. No matter when Max felt that he was not able to breathe and depress, he would love to rush to some wide space to get relaxed. For instance, when he was crowed by a lot of journalists to be asked to say something about the crash, he just rushed and kept running until he saw the sea. It just liked Max escaped from the plane that was a small space to a Bakersfield that was wide enough. For Max, it was a way out of the plane, and it was a method away from death. As I mentioned above, it was hard for Max to walk out of the shadow of the crash. Consequently, he needed some coping methods to help him to be psychologically healthy. He went...
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...Analyse the ways history and memory generate compelling and unexpected insights. In your response, you must make detailed reference to your prescribed text and at least one other related text. Through history, documented evidence of past events, and memory, personal recollections of the past, a representation is conveyed. The perspective of the representation of the history and memory of events ultimately shapes the responder’s understanding of the event. This is evident on the Smithsonian website of American History, ‘Bearing Witness to History’ and Richard Drew’s photograph, ‘The Falling Man’, where the responders are exposed to different language forms and features that generate compelling and unexpected insights into the events of September 11. The Smithsonian website of American History, ‘Bearing Witness to History’, allows the responders to develop compelling and unexpected insights into the events of September 11 through a perspective built on American values. The homepage of the website adopts a muted and neutral colour scheme, creating a sensitive atmosphere to memorialise those who lost their lives. The respect created for those affected suggests that even now, more than a decade later after the event, individuals are still suffering and the pain and anguish created by the event is enduring. The title of the website September 11: Bearing Witness to History’ is in present tense, which implies that the history of this specific event is an ongoing process that is...
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...“Loneliness and the feeling of being unwanted are the greatest poverty.”- Mother Teresa. In Chinese Cinderella by Adeline Yen Mah, Mother Teresa’s words of wisdom apply to Adeline's life because throughout the book, Adeline feels isolated and unwanted, and Adeline always says how much she wishes to feel wanted. She feels lonely, undesired, but more lonely at home than at school. Mother Teresa’s words of wisdom about being lonely apply to Adeline’s life because feeling lonesome is something that Adeline is very familiar with. She is lonely when the girls at school leave, when Niang treats her like an outcast, when her siblings gang up on her, and countless other times. For example, in the book, Adeline knows she must not tell anyone how Father and Niang treat her. She says, “I should just go to school every day and carry this dreadful loneliness, a secret I could never share. Otherwise it would be over, and Father and Niang would never come to love me.”(Yen Mah 55) This quote shows that by carrying her secret of loneliness all to herself, this makes her more lonely because no one else knows about it but her. Another example is “As usual, Fourth Brother picked first, followed by Little Sister, Big Brother, Second Brother, and Third Brother. By the time my turn arrived, I was left with the scrawniness baby bird.” (Yen Mah 73) This example shows that to Niang and Father, she is the least favorite and ranked last among the children. This makes her isolated because she knows that...
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...Chinese Cinderella by Adeline yen Mah is an autobiography written to general audience who may be interested in childhood memoirs or perhaps in understanding the different culture Adeline came from. Whereas animal refuge is an article written for general audience as well but to describe not only what they did and how money they had to spend but also how they felt about their lives. However both the texts share the same concept to inform, explain and describe their experiences to the readers by the writers various techniques. In Chinese Cinderella, the extract sets the stage for Adeline’s story. Mah uses plain language, simple sentences and first person (I) to invoke the feeling of childhood nostalgia, giving the story a perspective from Adeline’s viewpoint, ‘I watched her open the closet door and take out her safe deposit box’. Mah characterizes her younger self as an innocent and curious girl, eager to please and learn. Moreover, Aunt Baba’s pride and patience with Adeline creates the illusion that they come from a loving house because of The way that Aunt Baba treats Adeline’s certificate like “some precious jewel” shows how Aunt Baba vies Adeline as a treasure “impossible to replace”. However the article animal refuge, the writer uses 2nd person to show the view point of Sarah who states that being 14 can be horrible as adults ignore your opinions. The writer uses phrases such as ‘social breakdown’, ‘Reebok’ or ‘Levis jeans’ to relate to the audience as such phrases are quite...
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...from summer reading or from your reading log from the last quarter.) It can be fiction or nonfiction. Your report is due on Wednesday, February 17th. It must be typed in Times New Roman, 12-point font. (If you are presenting in something other than a paper, make sure your font is approved by the teacher. I’m trying to avoid issues with legibility. ) Since I cannot construct a rubric for every single type of report, I will grade you on the following: neatness proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation knowledge of text determined by information presented in project knowledge of text determined by brief interview What kind of knowledge will be looked for? knowledge of characters, exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution (fiction) knowledge of content of nonfiction book. How does the information from the text affect the audience? (The audience is your teacher and fellow students.) You may work by yourself or in groups of no larger than three. groups are from your period groups must make contract for teacher and for members of the group (Two copies – one for teacher, one for group) all members of groups must have parent’s signature (Group work can be difficult to coordinate. Your parent must be made aware that you have made this choice.) What choices do I have for a book report format? Go to the “Book Report” tab on Mrs. Sadenwasser’s webpage for ideas. Go to this site for even more ideas: http://teachnet.co...
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...LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY Form/LPUO/AP-3 (The format to be used for Planning the academic activities other than Lecturers/Tutorial/Practical like Assignments, Case study, Presentation, Quiz, Projects, Class tests, industrial visits, teaching practice, court visits etc. to be undertaken as a part of the continuous assessment for the Course) (TERM PAPER) School: LSB Department: Management Name of the faculty Member: Rajbir Singh Sethi Course No.: MGT 511 Course Title: Business Environment Class : BBA Section 1813 Batch 2010 Max. Marks :25 Date of Allotment :31/1/2011 Date of Submission:18/4/2011 . |Roll No. |Objectives of Academic Activity |Topic |Model* | |R1813 A01 |To enable students develop the |Disinvestment of PSU's |Analytical | | |Analytical skills by going through | | | | |the various practices going on in | |5 Marks-Viva | | |the field of Business & its | | ...
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