...risk. To form a complete picture, you, the prospective buyer, need to consider the potential risks and disadvantages of home ownership as well. Understanding these disadvantages beforehand will give you a better chance of minimizing their impact and avoiding the fate suffered by these homeowners. RISKS IDENTIFICATION There are many risks in buying a new house such as: • The opportunity cost of investing in an alternative investment is very high because the entire cash and future income stream is tied up into one asset a home, which may or may not appreciate. • The house is an undiversified investment, so if the market tanks as it has, game over. • Knowing that we do not own our home, the bank does. • A lot of cost connected to home ownership, such as repairs and insurance and fees and potential hazards I have not considered. • If I lose my job, game over, this will put a lot of stress on me. • There is a chance that your new home will lose value. Luckily, in general, the longer you own your home, the less likely a loss becomes. Loss of value is typically a short-term problem, possibly due to the local or national economy, and prices normally recover.. • If land values fall Own or rent a home comparison, the risks of buying a home calculator will tell in dollars and cents but does not consider other factors such as job instability. It will compare the present value of costs and see the real risk of buying a home. What do I do? I am renting a flat in the city and...
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...CHAPTER 5. EMPIRICAL RESULTS, FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS 1. Over all graphical analysis For any index the best way to gauge its long term movement is to plot its movement over a period of time. So here to start with the analysis part , first the overall movement of the daily “close” data for S&P CNX NIFTY FIFTY is examined for the period starting from 2nd May 2002 till 3rd Feb 2012. There are in total 2347 observations and the econometric package EViews 7 has been used to track the movement. The plot is shown in Fig No 5.1. [pic] Fig No 5.1. Daily movement of Nifty Fifty “close” during 02/05/2002 – 03/02/2012 From the graph it is clear that Nifty has shown an upward trend over the period of time. While the upward trend is pretty evident from 2002 to 2007 however since 2007 Nifty movement has been somewhat unstable due to frequent market fluctuation and thus the market seems to be more volatile during this period. In terms of volatility another aspect is visible from the graph that is an upward trend is being followed by further upward trend while a downward trend is being followed by further downward trend and this feature is known as “volatility clustering” and this volatility clustering seems to be present in the index. More about the volatility and the movement of the index will be explored in the further subsections where the task of comparing Nifty movement at times is being taken. 2. Over all statistics The performance of Nifty over the years is tabulated...
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...and functions of liver 3,4 3. Liver Regeneration 5 4. Two layers of defense against liver injury 5 5. Dynamics of liver regeneration 6 6. Stimuli of hepatic regeneration 7 7. Regeneration by hepatocytes (1st line of defense) 8 8. Signaling networks activated after partial hepatectomy 9 9. Matrix metalloproteinase family 10 10. Recent additions 12 11. Regeneration by liver progenitor cells (2nd line of defense)...
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...Pentachlorophenol (PCP) in wood treatment 1.Introduction Wood is a hard, fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It has been used for thousands of years for both fuel and as a construction material. It is an organic material, a natural composite of cellulose fibers (which are strong in tension) embedded in a matrix of lignin which resists compression. Wood is sometimes defined as only the secondary xylem in the stems of trees or it is defined more broadly to include the same type of tissue elsewhere such as in the roots of trees or shrubs. In a living tree it performs a support function, enabling woody plants to grow large or to stand up by themselves. It also mediates the transfer of water and nutrients to the leaves and other growing tissues. Wood may also refer to other plant materials with comparable properties, and to material engineered from wood, or wood chips or fiber. The Earth contains about one trillion tonnes of wood, which grows at a rate of 10 billion tonnes per year. As an abundant, carbon-neutral renewable resource, woody materials have been of intense interest as a source of renewable energy. In 1991, approximately 3.5 billion cubic meters of wood were harvested. Dominant uses were for furniture and building construction. The wood-preserving industry treats lumber with various chemicals to protect against insect damage and decay. Chemically preserved wood is used in products for outdoor use such as railway ties...
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...2.Decision Theory - Decision Tables and Decision Trees, Game Theory 2.1 Introduction and Basic Terms Decision theory represents a generalized approach to decision making. It enables the decision maker to analyze a set of complex situations with many alternatives and many different possible consequences to identify a course of action consistent with the basic economic and psychological desires of the decision maker Decision theory problems are characterized by the following: a decision criterion a list of alternatives a list of possible future events (states of nature) payoffs associated with each combination of alternatives and events the degree of certainty of possible future events There is a wide range of management decision problems. Among them there are capacity and order planning, product and service design, equipment selection, location planning, and so on. Some examples of alternatives and possible events for these alternatives are shown in Table 2.1. Alternatives To order 10, 11, … units of a product To make or to buy a product To buy or not to buy accident insurance Events Demand for the product may be 0, 1, … units The cost of making may be 20, 22, … $thousands An accident may occur, or may not occur Table 2.1 “Examples of Alternatives and Events” Various properties of decision problems enable a classification of decision problems. Solution to any decision problem consists of these steps: 1. Identify the problem 2. Specify objectives and the decision criteria for...
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...A Review of Literature Related to Oil Spill Dispersants 1997-2008 for Prince William Sound Regional Citizens’ Advisory Council (PWSRCAC) Anchorage, Alaska by Merv Fingas Spill Science Edmonton, Alberta PWSRCAC Contract Number - 955.08.03 Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in this PWSRCAC-commissioned report are not necessarily those of PWSRCAC September, 2008 ii Abstract This report is a review of the literature on oil spill dispersants published from 1997 to August, 2008. The report identifies and focusses on recent advances in dispersant effectiveness, toxicity, and biodegradation. Other topics such as application, use, behaviour and fate are also covered. The prime motivation for using dispersants is to reduce the impact of oil on shorelines, thus the application must be successful and effectiveness high. As some oil would come ashore, discussion remains on what effectiveness is required to significantly reduce the shoreline impact. A major issue is the actual effectiveness during spills so that these values can be used in estimates for the future. The second motivation for using dispersants is to reduce the impact on birds and mammals on the water surface. The benefits of using dispersants to reduce impacts on wildlife still remain unknown. The third motivation for using dispersants is to promote the biodegradation of oil in the water column. The effect of dispersants on biodegradation is still a matter of dispute. Some papers state that dispersants inhibit...
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...THE MATHEMATICS OF LOTTERY Odds, Combinations, Systems ∏ Cătălin Bărboianu INFAROM Publishing Applied Mathematics office@infarom.com http://www.infarom.com http://probability.infarom.ro ISBN 978-973-1991-11-5 Publisher: INFAROM Author: Cătălin Bărboianu Correction Editor: CarolAnn Johnson Copyright © INFAROM 2009 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole work or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of formulas and tables, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of Copyright Laws, and permission for use must always be obtained from INFAROM. 2 Contents (of the complete edition) Introduction ...................................................................................... 5 The Rules of Lottery ...................................................................…. 11 Supporting Mathematics ......................................................…....... 15 Probability space ..............................................................…......... 16 Probability properties and formulas used .........................…......... 19 Combinatorics …………………………………………………... 22 Parameters of the lottery matrices …………………………......... 25 Number Combinations .......………….………………………...
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...From cliché to inception: a review of Bioprinting Tyler Crossley MCB 404 Biomedical Ethics Dr. Pimentel Introduction The utilization of 3-dimmensional printers to produce functional applications by the personal and consumer sectors have been acknowledged since the development of this technology. Two categories for product applications of 3-dimmensional printing exist: products to improve individual personal life, such as hearing aids and prosthetic limbs; engineering parts for many consumer products, such as many components of engines, guns and even musical instruments. Whichever contextual application of this technology is desired and utilized, both ethical benefits and weaknesses exist. Multiple American companies including General Electric, Boeing, Nike, Honeywell and others have used this technology in manufacturing motor components, shoes, solar panels and other consumer products. Endless potential applications of 3-dimmensional printing exist for future developments. Interestingly, printing of meat for human consumption as an alternative to harvesting meat from animals is currently being researched. In 2008 PeTA offered a $1 million X-Prize style reward for the first group to synthetically develop such commercially viable meat. This is one case in which proposing ethical dilemmas exist, and the many alternative controversies this topic entails. Further bioethical dilemma’s and considerations exist and will be discussed...
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...Journal of Controlled Release 113 (2006) 189 – 207 www.elsevier.com/locate/jconrel Review Role of antioxidants in prophylaxis and therapy: A pharmaceutical perspective D. Venkat Ratnam, D.D. Ankola, V. Bhardwaj, D.K. Sahana, M.N.V. Ravi Kumar ⁎ Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase-X, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India - 160062 Received 31 January 2006; accepted 26 April 2006 Available online 13 May 2006 Abstract Antioxidants are emerging as prophylactic and therapeutic agents. These are the agents, which scavenge free radicals otherwise reactive oxygen species and prevent the damage caused by them. Free radicals have been associated with pathogenesis of various disorders like cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and are implicated in aging. Several antioxidants like SOD, CAT, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, lycopene, ellagic acid, coenzyme Q10, indole-3-carbinol, genistein, quercetin, vitamin C and vitamin E have been found to be pharmacologically active as prophylactic and therapeutic agents for above mentioned diseases. Antioxidants are part of diet but their bioavailability through dietary supplementation depends on several factors. This major drawback of dietary agents may be due to one or many of the several factors like poor solubility, inefficient permeability, instability due to storage of food, first pass effect and GI degradation. Conventional...
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...IMPACT OF PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL POLITICS ON EMPLOYEES’ JOB SATISFACTION IN THE COMMERCIAL BANKING SECTOR OF SRI LANKA K.A.M.S. Kodisinghe Faculty of Business Studies and Finance, Wayamba University, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka menakakodisinghe@yahoo.com ABSTRACT This research has been mainly based on the model of perceived organizational politics proposed by Ferris, Russ and Fandt (1989). Four constructs namely perceptions of organizational politics, job satisfaction, perceived control and understanding have been taken into consideration. Further the locus of control introduced by Robbins (2005) was also taken as the next construct. The research studies carried out on the relationships between the above mentioned variables seem to be inconsistent. Some researchers have found that no correlation exists between these variables whereas other studies indicate a weak to moderate relationship between these variables. Many theoretical findings and researches on the perception of organizational politics – job satisfaction relationship have been originated from the western organizational context. It seems that information about Sri Lankan environment is almost nil. The researcher has attempted to find out whether there is a relationship, positive or negative among the above mentioned five constructs in the Sri Lankan environment. The researcher selected the commercial banking sector for this study as it is the most developed and promising sector. The sample of the study consists of 300...
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...1. Resources2. Capabilities3. Core Competencies | | The External Environment1. Demographic2. Economic3. Political/Legal4. Sociocultural5. Technological6. Global7. Physical8. Industry | | Porter Five Forces Model1.Threat of New Entrants/Barriers to Entry2.Bargaining Power of Suppliers3.Bargaining Power of Buyers4.Product Substitutes5.Intensity of Rivalry Among Competitors | | IV Analysis 1: The Input Stage 1. Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) Matrix 2. External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix 3. Competitor Profile Matrix (CPM) | | V Analysis II: The Matching Stage1. SWOT matrix 2. SPACE matrix 3. BCG matrix 4. I/E matrix 5. Grand Strategy Matrix | | VI Analysis III: The Decision Stage 1. QSPM Matrix | | VII Strategy Recommendation | | References | | Appendices | | Executive summary This report was commissioned to examine the internal and external environment as well as the 5 Porter Five Forces Model that affect the Volkswagen Group and using the several type matrix to formulate the strategy as the ways to increasing the overall performance of Volkswagen Group. This report draws the attention to the several of...
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...IMPACT OF PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL POLITICS ON EMPLOYEES’ JOB SATISFACTION IN THE COMMERCIAL BANKING SECTOR OF SRI LANKA K.A.M.S. Kodisinghe Faculty of Business Studies and Finance, Wayamba University, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka menakakodisinghe@yahoo.com ABSTRACT This research has been mainly based on the model of perceived organizational politics proposed by Ferris, Russ and Fandt (1989). Four constructs namely perceptions of organizational politics, job satisfaction, perceived control and understanding have been taken into consideration. Further the locus of control introduced by Robbins (2005) was also taken as the next construct. The research studies carried out on the relationships between the above mentioned variables seem to be inconsistent. Some researchers have found that no correlation exists between these variables whereas other studies indicate a weak to moderate relationship between these variables. Many theoretical findings and researches on the perception of organizational politics – job satisfaction relationship have been originated from the western organizational context. It seems that information about Sri Lankan environment is almost nil. The researcher has attempted to find out whether there is a relationship, positive or negative among the above mentioned five constructs in the Sri Lankan environment. The researcher selected the commercial banking sector for this study as it is the most developed and promising sector. The sample of the study consists of 300...
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...Ozean Journal of Applied Sciences 5(2), 2012 Ozean Journal of Applied Sciences 5(2), 2012 ISSN 1943-2429 © 2012 Ozean Publication THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOB SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT AMONG MANGERS IN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES IN JORDAN YASER MANSOUR ALMANSOUR Al Balqa Applied University, Amman – Jordan E-mail address for correspondence: yaser111956@yahoo.com _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: This study examines the relationship between job satisfaction and organization commitment in telecommunication companies in Jordan. In today’s global economy, organizations incorporate programs like total quality management, employee involvement, job enrichment, skill-based pay, gain sharing plans to gain a competitive edge. Questionnaires were employed to the managers in telecommunication companies in AmmanJordan. 135 sample were selected, the data was analyzed based on SPSS version 17.0. Regression and correlation analysis were used, the result shows that there is a significant and positive relationship between job satisfaction and organization commitment. However, results generally supported the hypotheses that are posited for this study which is there is a positive relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction among the managers in telecommunication companies in Amman - Jordan. Keywords: job satisfaction, telecommunication companies, organization commitment ______________...
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...w rP os t S 908C22 AN INTRODUCTORY NOTE ON MANAGING PEOPLE IN ORGANIZATIONS op yo Ann Frost and Lyn Purdy wrote this note solely to provide material for class discussion. The authors do not intend to provide legal, tax, accounting or other professional advice. Such advice should be obtained from a qualified professional. Ivey Management Services prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmittal without its written permission. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Ivey Management Services, c/o Richard Ivey School of Business, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2008, Ann Frost and Lyn Purdy 1 Version: (A)2008-10-21 tC The work of organizations is done through people. Elaborate structures, systems, rules, and reporting relationships do little more than provide guidance for such behaviour — they do not produce it. Eliciting the needed behaviour is the job of managers. Increasingly, firms are also dependent on more than mere compliance to the dictates of management. Rather, a firm’s competitive success rests on its ability to respond quickly and flexibly, to innovate, and to continually improve. To achieve success, the organization requires the commitment of its members...
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...Am J Stem Cell 2012;1(3):196-204 www.AJSC.us /ISSN:2160-4150/AJSC1208001 Review Article Directed differentiation of progenitor cells towards an islet-cell phenotype Arif Abed1, Charlotte Critchlow2, Peter R Flatt3, Neville H McClenaghan3, Catriona Kelly1 The Guy Hilton Research Centre, Institute for Science and Technology, Keele University, UK; 2Keele Medical School, Keele University, UK; 3Diabetes Research Group, SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK 1 Received August 3, 2012; Accepted November 9, 2012; Epub November 30, 2012; Published December 10, 2012 Abstract: Exogenous insulin administration and oral anti-diabetic drugs are the primary means of treating diabetes. However, tight glycaemic control, with its inherent risk of hypoglycaemia, is required to prevent the microvascular and macrovascular complications of the disease. While islet or pancreas transplantations offer a longer-term cure, their widespread application is not possible, primarily because of a lack of donor tissue, the burden of life-long immunosuppression, and eventual graft rejection. The rapid increase in the incidence of diabetes has promoted the search for alternative cell-based therapies. Here we review recent advances in the directed differentiation of both endocrine and non-endocrine progenitors towards an islet-like phenotype. Keywords: Endocrine, progenitor cells, islet cells, insulin production, diabetes mellitus The need for cell-based therapies for...
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