...The documentary ‘Favela Rising’ directed by Matt Mochary and Jeff Zimbalist is based in Rio de Janeiro telling the story of the poor and privileged in Brazil. The documentary includes real life footage of events and interviews with individuals in the community. Matt and Jeff realized that in Brazilian favela/ghetto communities are wrecked by violence, oppressed by drugs and ignored by corrupt authorities. Over the time of the documentary the favela managed to achieve moments of glory through one mans vision. Police are the real beneficiaries of narcotics trafficking in Rio de Janerio. Most of the police are corrupt and are drug lords to the favela groups. Police in Rio are underpaid and by selling drugs and guns to the favela gangs they are earning a profit. One section in the documentary shows investigative journalist Andore Luis Azevedo saying that police dress as SWAT teams in black to...
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...Anthropology as a study has always been more concentrated on study of small & isolated civilizations rather than complex ones in cities. However, cities are where the action is. Therefore, new subfield of anthropology emerged, urban anthropology, emphasizing issues of the cities in undeveloped and industrialized countries. This might be due to the reason that anthropology aspires to study universals and wider perspective of human condition. And also cities represent a ‘gateway; to fieldwork which mainly takes place in towns, peasants villages, rural areas etc. Gateway, not just in a physical sense of airports, train & bus stations, but also in sense of communication, expertise (universities, academics etc.), government etc. Although, to interpret issues of cities, the slums, & shanty towns can be done only in terms of forces which lead people to migrate from the countryside. 1. There are a lot of questions studied by both anthropologists and sociologists related to comparative studies of cities and understanding human ways. These phenomena are those of comparison of urban experience in underdeveloped countries. For instance, issues like kinship ties and stresses of urban life and its effects of crowding on aggression and frustration. Thus Anderson argues, on this topic, that due to cultural ways of dealing with crowding the pathological effects on urban Chinese living in Hong Kong are minimized. More importantly, Gideon Sjoberg, created so-called idealized...
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...Strategic Issues 1. Infrastructure – Favelas have little government support and create their own. Electricity The majority of Rocinha residents pay for electricity. However, there are still people who have “gatos” or illegal hook ups to the grid. According to Favela resident and blogger Zezinho “When I was a kid, it was all illegal but now we have a formal company called “LIGHT” which is a Brazilian/Canadian company which provides formal electricity to about 85% of the residents. I receive a bill every month and I pay between 20 to 50 reais a month depending on how much energy I use” (Zezinho). The electrical infrastructure for supporting Rocinha is not what we would expect in the US. Power lines seem unorganized and heaped together. This is due to the organic nature in which power came to the Favela. Historically, it was stolen from the grid through makeshift lines. Now those lines are still utilized for paying customers. The service has improved, but the infrastructure is still chaotic. Water Looking out over the rooftops of the Favela, you notice the blue water tanks. Most residents have water pumped into these tanks weekly. There is a freshwater spring that feeds the water supply, but it becomes tainted as it travels through the various pipes. Most people drink bottled water and use the water tanks for cooking, bathing, etc. In Zezinho’s experience, “ Where I live, I get water pumped into my tank once a week, so conservation of water is important. Water is free...
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...Living in the Favela’s in Rio de Janeiro can be a very labor-intensive experience. Once a person is old enough to work, they are either contributing to the family chores or out in the community making money. Even after a full day’s work, most people will only come home with about a dollar. Flavio’s father was once asked “How much do you earn a day?” and he responded by saying “Seventy-five cents. On a good day maybe a dollar.” (Parks). “Flavio’s Home” written by Gordon Parks, showed the daily life of the poverty stricken people of Rio. My goal for this essay is to explain the responsibilities of Flavio, the way of life in the Favela in the 1960s, and how things have changed since then. Flavio had the responsibilities of an adult at the age...
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...Predominantly within the post-modern, American context the "good life" is understood as the freedom and ability to do or posses whatever we want; a complete lack of nothing but the ability to posses anything one might desire. However, in Robert Neuwirth's book "Shadow Cities" readers are introduced to multiple people groups, more commonly known as "squatters", who's lifestyles and beliefs challenge what many might consider the good life as generally accepted by members of Western civilization. As Neuwirth takes us from Rocinha, Rio De Janeiro to Istanbul the reader is continuously faced with the same three issues plaguing our world: the fact that the worlds population is steadily increasing at an alarming rate, that everyone must have a place to live and that housing costs and must be lowered in order to provide the amount of houses necessary to sustain our world's growing population (Neuwirth xiii). In this paper I will seek to summarize Neuwirth's book, "Shadow Cities", beginning with a brief history of the squatter community. When comparing past and present examples of squatter communities Neuwirth begins by noting that, "very little has changed since the Middle Ages. The barracks of Rocinha, the mud huts of Kibera, the wooden shanties of Behrampada, or the original Gecekondu houses in Sarigazi are not far removed the dwellings that were common centuries ago in Europe and North America." With very little difference between communities of the past and present it becomes apparent...
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...A common person practicing a stable way of living does not have to be wary of the same risks, and situations as those in the favelas. Gordon Parks, a prominent documentary photojournalist, wrote “Flavio’s Home”, an article of comparing the life of a young boy named Flavio da Silva, and his family living in one of the most poverty based areas in Brazil, known as The Favelas. Also, including the journey of how Parks fights against poverty in any way possible, even if it meant taking in a boy doomed to die. The article was published in LIFE Magazine in 1961. Providing information and regards to how poverty in the world shouldn’t be taken lightly, especially in the case of Flavio. “Flavio’s Home” opened the eyes of many, especially on the line...
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...in a place they call “home “ but we call “shanty towns”, bustees or favelas. Rio de Janeiro, known to Brazilians as the “Marvelous City,” is home to over 10 million people, of which nearly a third live in shantytowns or ghettos known as favelas. A favela is a Brazilian shanty town, which is generally found on the edge of the city. The first favela appeared about 100 years ago in Rio De Janiero. Today, there are more than 600 favelas in Rio De Janiero alone. Although many of these favelas are located in Rio de Janeiro, favelas have sprung in almost every large Brazilian town. A favela is generally found on the edge or outskirts of the city. Favelas are precariously built shacks constructed from a variety of materials, ranging from wood and corrugated cardboards to bricks. They have about one or two rooms but lack basic amenities like fresh water, electricity and toilets. Many favelas are very cramped and claustrophobic ! Infact they are extremely crowded with high population density which can reach a staggering figure of 150000 people/ square kilometer. Favela sites are generally prone to flooding , landslips and exposed to industrial pollution and consequently plagued by sewage and hygiene problems. Electricity is not officially available but the residents manage to get unauthorized connections from public areas. It is the poorest residents who generally live in these favelas. These residents have no choice about where they live or have no other...
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...build so high up into the mountians . my house was built by my father he built it with any materials he could find such as corrugated iron,pieces of board haphazardly assembled to provide a basic shelter for my family.my home is very overcrowded with all my family in it with only two rooms one for living in and one for sleeping in and with not toilet the house can somtimes get very dirty and smelly.in the fevelas around me the is no privacy what so ever the houses are build on one another.for my family to get water we have to go to a nearby source and very often it comes at a price . around the favelas it is very sad too see that the rubbish is never collected and the stench is terrible and it quicky degenarates into a place of filth and disease. The people who work in the favels are very poorley paid where the income is unreliable this is why so the people who live in the favelas are so poor and because a lack of money . Beacause of poor conditions and very badly piad jobs the amount of crime in the shanty towns has risen over the last few years rapidly .children in my area often dont go to school because their in some type of gang...
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...The Venezuela mass movement event was a series of mudslides and landslides resulting from a series of floods in December 1999.There was many causes to this, some being human and some being more physical causes like heavy rainfall. This effected most settlements in the state of Vargas the largest of which being Caracas. It was the combination of these two things, a natural event being the mud and landslides and the vulnerable population in Vargas, many of which were living in shanty towns making them particularly vulnerable which made the event into a hazard and disaster. This can clearly be shown by Dregg’s model. As is clear from the first diagram that when the natural event does not affect people in anyway (shown as the two circles do not touch) then it is only called an event and no loss of any kind is observed. However when the people are affected by the event and in the case of Venezuela this effect was very large with many of the people defenceless in shanty town accommodation as well as living in a crowded and dense and living near in the shadow of the mountain. All of this meant a large interaction between the event and the vulnerable non resilient population creating the disaster. There were a number of physical causes to the event of both climatological and geomorphical nature. The largest cause of all and the trigger for the slides is the heavy rainfall in the weeks and days especially before the event. As can be seen by the graph, December had been an unusually...
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...During the incident involving Josey Wales of Outlaw Surveys, the surveyor was commissioned to undertake a real property report (RPR) survey in an urban neighbourhood. During initial research by the surveyor, the original survey was found to have been in 1935, and the last prior RPR was known to be in 1963. Upon field inspection, it was found that two block corners could not be located, in which case the surveyor and his crew reestablished them using adjacent block corners. Under the Alberta Surveys Act, Part 1, Section 45 (5), it was not required to monument block corners on a subdivision survey between 1912 and 1988. Instead, there is a frontage measurement proportionate to the total distance between the corners of the block in the same ratio as it is shown on the registered plan, which is the total distance between the block corners. Being that the last survey was done before 1988, block corners are needed to govern. It is stated that the surveyor did not find original survey evidence at two block corners that needed to be established for the RPR, so his crew used adjacent block corners to re-establish them. Alberta Surveys Act, Part 1, Section 46(1) states that the survey method used to re-establish the lost corner should be included on the plan of survey, in which case it was. The surveyor must also re-establish a monument using the best available evidence at the position of the monument. This evidence will guide them in re-establishing the monument. The surveyor was found...
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...31% (Western Governors University, n.d.). The current research indicates the current area is in need of an orthopedic center. The other two hospitals that are close to Trinity represent the biggest competition and have a good orthopedic program. The other hospitals are private, and this increases the demand for Trinity developing a good orthopedic program. Trinity is centrally located within the community, and the population is expected to grow four percent a year, the need for a good orthopedic unit at Trinity will continue to grow. Trinity has performed a needs assessment, and determined Trinity could provide orthopedic services many people within the community. The current resources that Trinity has are not enough to keep up with the rising demand, and would benefit Trinity to develop an orthopedic unit now (Western Governors University, n.d.). 2. Analyze how current international healthcare trends could be incorporated into the development of the new service line. Trinity developing an orthopedic unit could also help the hospital incorporate some international trends while providing good healthcare and help the hospital cut back on expenses. Trinity will look at way to minimize...
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...[pic] Computer Organization and Architecture Course design report Hare-wired Control Design 1. Objective a. To master the knowledge of Computer Organization and Arthitecture courses. To clearly understanding the working principles and interconnect of various modules of the computer system especially the hard-wired controller by making a comprehensive use of the knowledge. b. To learn the basic procecures and methods of using ISP technology to design and debug. To be familiar with the designing, simulating,and debugging tools for integrated development of software. And to experience the advantages of ISP technology from the traditional ones. c. To cultive the capability of independent work on science, and to obtain the experience of project design and assembling as well as debugging. 2.Equipment 1. TEC-4 system for COA experiments. 2. A dual trace oscilloscope. 3. A logical test pen. 4. An ispLSI1032 chip. 5. IspExpert of Lattice Co. Ltd. 3.Principles and Requirements The experiment is to design a hard-wired controller with an ispLSI1032 chip for the TEC-4 platform. The controller should perform five console instructions: KRD,KWE,KLD,KRR, nine machine instructions: ADD,SUB,MUL,AND,STA,LDA,JMP, JC,STP and the interrupts. Preparations： Timng Signal Generator: MF signal is generated by a crystal oscillator (frequency 1MHz), while producing T1, T2, T3, T4, W1, W2, W3, W4 timing signal, relationship as shown below. Where W1, W2...
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...Issues 1. Robin Hood faces a problem about the developing of Merrymen’s band. It seems that Robin Hood couldn’t well-managed the rising group because he is lack of familiarity with new members. 2. Robin Hood is careless for recruiting people. It’s dangerous for Merrymen’s band if some spies are recruited in the group. 3. Supplies for the troop are another problem of rising band. New troops need more foods, camping size and money. 4. The Sheriff troops are getting stronger and better organized. 5. The Merrymen troops are lack of discipline; they spend more time on talking and playing games besides raiding. Recommendations 1. Robin Hood should limit the recruiting of new members. He should focus on quality of the troop, not the quantity. 2. Robin Hood should choose his trusted sub-leaders to help him manage the Merrymen well. He cannot train all Merrymen members by himself. 3. Besides raiding, the Merrymen troops need to enforce in discipline. They should get their leisure time to find foods and improve their basic needs. 4. Robin Hood should join in with the barons to free King Richard in order to seek future amnesty. Rationale 1. The fast developing of Merrymen brings many troubles to Robin Hood. He doesn’t expect to manage many people now. 2. As the group is growing steady, foods and basic needs are another problem for Robin Hood due to lack of supply. 3. As the situation changes very fast, Robin Hood doesn’t change his management style in order...
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...Does Cassia like Ky or Xander? How will Cassia look at the society does it all matter on one boy? Who will it be will Cassia be with Ky or Xander till her final banquet? Cassia gets matched to Xander, a childhood friend but once Ky Markham shows up on the screen and they start telling stories is Xander really the one for Cassia? The characters Xander, Ky, and Grandpa impact Cassia’s decisions, actions, and feelings in the book Matched by Ally Condie. In the story Xander impacts Cassia’s feelings about the society and is always protecting Cassia. “Even if xander gets his vocation first, we’re still matched, I remind myself. He’s not going to leave me behind.”(131) If Xander gets his vocation first, He won’t leave me behind. This shows that no matter what happens, Xander will always stay with Cassia. “ “Xander holds out his last spoonful toward me. I take the spoon from him and pop the last bit into my mouth.”(146) Xander offers his last to Cassia. This proves that Ky is once again protecting Cassia at the Ice cream shop and is giving her the last scoop. “Thanks Cassia says, and then Xanders act of kindness inexplicably makes Cassia feel a little like crying, so Cassia has to joke instead. “We share a spoon that practically like kissing.”(146) Xander almost made me cry so I had to make a joke. Xander is impacting Cassia. This proves that Cassia is impacted by Xander's actions. Ky is changing how Cassia looks at the society in many different ways. “Is Falling in love with someone's...
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...During the incident involving Josey Wales of Outlaw Surveys, the surveyor was commissioned to undertake a real property report (RPR) survey in an urban neighbourhood. During initial research by the surveyor, the original survey was found to have been in 1935, and the last prior RPR was known to be in 1963. Upon field inspection, it was found that two block corners could not be located, in which case the surveyor and his crew reestablished them using adjacent block corners. Under the Alberta Surveys Act, Part 1, Section 45 (5), it was not required to monument block corners on a subdivision survey between 1912 and 1988. Instead, there is a frontage measurement proportionate to the total distance between the corners of the block in the same ratio as it is shown on the registered plan, which is the total distance between the block corners. Being that the last survey was done before 1988, block corners are needed to govern. It is stated that the surveyor did not find original survey evidence at two block corners that needed to be established for the RPR, so his crew used adjacent block corners to re-establish them. Alberta Surveys Act, Part 1, Section 46(1) states that the survey method used to re-establish the lost corner should be included on the plan of survey, in which case it was. The surveyor must also re-establish a monument using the best available evidence at the position of the monument. This evidence will guide them in re-establishing the monument. The surveyor was found...
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