...interactions can be reflected by their attachment style. Attachment styles affect relational quality, which leads to different relationship outcomes. The study evaluates whether partner perceptions of conflict styles and relational maintenance strategies differ as a function of attachment styles—particularly with the context of friendship. Bippus and Rollin’s article can be found in the Communication Reports inside the Sacramento State Library. This article targets the topic of conflict management in relationships by providing more information on the attachment styles that communicators may use in daily lives or conflict. Having found this article on the Sacramento State library website, the article proves credible with origin from an academic, approved journal. This study was conducted with the individual’s close friend, including their personal understandings and perspective of the relationship. The hypothesis states that individuals in relationships will be rated by their friends with more prosocial maintenance behavior than with fearfuls or dismissive qualities. It is believed that friends of securely attached individuals will report greater satisfaction in the relationship than those friends of non-securely attached individuals....
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...Attachment Style and Relationships Kathy Schwab PSY/220 July 29, 2012 Edward Billingslea Attachment Style and Relationships Part 1 Robert Sternberg’s triangular theory of love is based on three dimensions: passion, intimacy, and commitment. In Sternberg’s model passion, intimacy, and commitment each represent one side of a triangle describing the love shared by two people. Passion means strong emotion, excitement, and physiological arousal, often tied to sexual desire and attraction. Intimacy refers to mutual understanding, warm affection, and mutual concern for the other person’s welfare. Commitment is the conscious decision to stay in a relationship for the long haul. By putting together different combinations of the three ingredients, Sternberg’s model describes several varieties of love and the specific components of romantic and companionate love (Baumgardner and Crothers, 2009). Romantic love is a combination of intimacy and passion. It is more than infatuation, its liking with the added excitement of physical attraction but without commitment. Companionate love is slow-developing love built on high intimacy and a strong commitment. When youthful passions fade in a marriage, companionate love, based on deep, affectionate friendship provides a solid foundation for a lasting and successful relationship. Fatuous love combines high passion and commitment with the absence of intimacy. The commitment is based on passion and sustained solely by passion....
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...Attachment Style and Relationships Laurie Henry Psy/220 November 10, 2013 Charlene Sears-Tolbert Attachment Style and Relationships Part 1 According to the Robert Sternberg triangular theory of love the three dimensions passion, intimacy and commitment all play essential roles in forming relationships. Passion mean strong emotion, excitement, and physiological arousal, often tied to sexual desire and attraction Baumgardner & Crothers (2009). These emotions can become overpowering and create feelings of love, joy anger and hatred. Intimacy involves closeness it is a special friendship, having a feeling of connection and trust. Commitment is the conscious decision to stay in a relationship for the long haul. Committed relationships are more serious because it involves a shared decision to invest in the relationship. Relationships are a major complexity in our lives. Forming these relationships and maintaining them have a great deal to do with our early attachment styles. Depending on how secure or insecure an individual is can determine their ability to give or accept certain components that build relationships. Early life disruptions to our process of attachment with parents will have major consequences for how we as adults will then deal with attachment as adults. This may show up as diminished capacity to modulate arousal of stimulus from internal or external sources, impairment in developing healthy relationships, and the ability to cope with stress (Siegel...
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...Abigail Graves Attachment Theory Paper The attachment theory is used to explain the relationships between humans. This was primarily developed by a psychoanalysis John Bowlby who raised the issue about maternal deprivation that developed into the attachment theory. It mainly focused on the idea that infants need to create a bound with their caregiver in order to develop emotionally and socially appropriately. It was not until recently that the theory was extended to attachment in adults. Through new research it was found that these early relationship can have a profound affect peer relationships at all ages, romantic and sexual attraction, and responses to the care needs of others as well. This is explained through case studies and applying the finding to the theories developed by Bowlby and Mary Main, defining the types of adult attachment and analyzing those to a personal style of attachment. With understanding the theories of attachment two psychologist decided to expand on the ideas that had been developed by others in their field. Kim Bartholomew and Leonard Horowitz’s expanded on the idea that was presented by Bowlby about how children internalize their attachment relationships with their parents, and internalize that for future relationships. They “…have only recently examined the relationship between working models of attachment and social and emotional adaptation in adults” (Bartholomew and Horowitz, 227, 1991). Meaning there is studies now that examine the way...
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...University of Phoenix | Attachment Style and Relationships | PSY/220: Part 1 & Part 2 | | Lyndsey McMahon | 11/4/2012 | | Part 1 Sternberg's Theory of Love describes three components that make up different combinations or levels of love that can be shared between two people. The three components are intimacy, passion, and commitment. Intimacy refers to understanding and concern for the other person. This component deals with warm affection and getting to know each other on a deeper level. Passion refers to stronger feelings of emotion, excitement and physiological attraction. This component usually deals with sexual attraction and desire. Commitment refers to the conscious decision to stay in the relationship through the ups and downs. This component deals with putting in an effort to maintain the relationship and carries a sense of devotion for that relationship. By combining any of these components, you get different varieties of love. When combining intimacy and passion you get what Sternberg calls romantic love. For example, a summer love shows high levels of intimacy and passion, but no commitment to extend the relationship further. When combining intimacy and commitment in the model you gets what's called companionate love. An example of this...
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...Attachment Style and Relationships PSY 220 Part I: Robert Sternberg created his triangular theory of love based on three dimensions: passion, intimacy, and commitment. The degree to which a relationship demonstrates these three dimensions determines the type of love relationship. People begin love relationships with those who care for them as children. These early relationships can have a great effect on their adult relationships. Passion reflects attraction, romance, and sexual desire. A relationship that contains passion would not be a relationship that you would share with you parents or children. This is more to describe a romantic relationship that you share with another person. According to Sternberg (1998) “The key ingredients of romantic love are passion and intimacy.” Passion is what makes us want to live our lives together with somebody that we fall in love; passion is what makes us see qualities in our boyfriend, girlfriend, husband or wife that we like and decide that we want to live the rest of our life with them, but sometimes this same passion becomes decreased to the amount that a small decision that is not in your favor, can create a good argument and we begin to create a wall around our heart, things or decisions that we can easily compromise on in the past, we now decide to take our stand and by so doing we can create problems in our relationship. Intimacy is that feeling of being close to another person and affectionate to them as well. It can happen...
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...Temperament: behavioral styles that are fairly stable across situations and are biologically based Infant Temperament Thomas and Chess: Stella Chess and Alexander Thomas conducted pioneering longitudinal research on infant temperament. 3 patterns (based on parents reports) * easy babies (40%) adjust readily to new experiences, quickly established routines, and generally were cheerful in mood and easy to calm * difficult babies (10%) adjust to new experiences, likely to reac negatively and intensely to stimuli and events, and irregular in their bodily functions * slow-to-warm-up (15%) somewhat difficult at first but easier over time ***other infants don’t fit into these categories*** * Temperament is moderately stable through infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Stability of Temperament * Fearful preschoolers tend to be more inhibited as older children and adolescents * Inhibited more likely to be introverted adults Temperament and other aspects of development Various aspects of temperament related to: * School success * Peer interactions * Compliance with parents * Depression * Helping others * Environmental influences Temperament and Helping behavior * Young child’s temperament helps determine if a child will help * Behavioral inhibition in infancy characterized by the tendency to be particularly fearful and restrained when dealing with novel or stressful situations * Associated with problems such as...
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...Parent Style Attachment An Overview of Parenting Styles and Attachment The quest to explore the connection between parenting styles and attachment styles was an eye opening journey. We have traveled with the psychologists who have helped us along the way in our pursuit to recognize the parent child dynamics, as it relates to parenting styles and attachment styles. Through the use of literature and my real world observations, I will show some links between attachment styles and parenting styles. The four basic parenting styles are as follows: Authoritative Parent An Authoritative Parent is described by Baumrind as parents who "monitor and impart clear standards for their children’s conduct. They are assertive, but not intrusive and restrictive. Their disciplinary methods are supportive, rather than punitive. They want their children to be assertive as well as socially responsible, and self-regulated as well as cooperative” (Baumrind, The Influence of Parenting Style on Adolescent Competence and Substance Use, 1991). This parenting style is the most popular in the United States, although in specific races, cultures and socioeconomic groups this parenting style may not be very popular. The authoritative parent is one who understands a child’s mind to be tabula rasa. These parents provide a positive emotional climate. They commonly use induction and socialization to mold, grow and correct a child’s behavior while preparing them to be responsible...
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...Attachment Paper Life Span Human Development Lela Lambe 10/25/15 Kristin Scott-Grove Introduction: Attachment is a strong, affectionate bond we have with our mother. Also, with special people in our lives during a lifetime. Attachment leads us to experience pleasure when we interact with time. Besides, to be comforted by nearness in times of stress. Lasting emotional connection that connects people to another within space and time. Attachment is a strong emotional and social bond of trust between the child and parents. That is very important for social and emotional development. In childhood, particular the first couple of years of life, attachment relationships help the immature brain use the mature functions of the parent’s brain to develop important capacities related to interpersonal functioning. The baby’s bond with their attachment caregiver. Offer experience-dependent neural avenue to develop. Particularly in the frontal lobes where the capacities are wire into the developing brain. Attachment Theory devised by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth to account for the impact of early separation and trauma on the child. Has revolutionized our views of development, psychopathology, and clinical work. Is the most prominent theory today regarding early socio-emotional development. The empirically based and support the research. The child is highly motivated beginning birth to form and maintain attachments to a few caregivers. Healthy attachments have successful...
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...Sex Differences in Jealousy: An Evolutionary Perspective Jealousy is an intense emotional reaction that affects all types of people in different cultures all over the world (Buss, 2001). Having a wide variety of implications, jealousy is most often associated with negative, anxiety induced behaviours, and in relationships it is most often in response to a relationship threat by a third party with desirable qualities. Current literature on the topic suggests that there is a general consensus that the main function of jealousy is to protect a valuable relationship from loss to a desirable rival (Buss & Haselton, 2005). However despite this primary function, there are clear sex differences with regards to thoughts about emotional and sexual infidelity (Daly, Wilson & Weghorst, 1982). There exists a lot of evidence to support the finding that men find sexual infidelity worse than emotional infidelity, whereas women find the opposite (Buss et al., 2001; Daly et al., 1982). It has been found that 60% of men choose sexual infidelity as worse, and 74% of women choose emotional infidelity (Sagarin et al., 2012). Moreover, these findings have been replicated in numerous countries, which encourage the perspective that these sex differences are evolutionary based (Buunk & Angleitner, 1996). The parental-investment model states that these differences occur because men want to be sure of the paternity of their children, not invest their resources to genetically unrelated offspring...
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...stuff of which attachment and, as we will see, love are made.” (Bolt, 2004, p. 26). I have found that few things in life are absolute, but the previous statement is one of those few. From the very beginning of our lives, our need for human contact and closeness is glaringly obvious. Our attachment styles, be they secure, avoidant, or anxious, are formed while we are just infants. These attachment styles tie directly into how we, as adults, execute the different dimensions of love (passion, intimacy, and commitment), in our various individual love relationships. Individual Attachment Styles “Both nature—the infant’s inherent need to bond and belong—and nurture—parental responsiveness—contribute to attachment.” (Bolt, 2004, p. 25). Recent research has been shown to indicate that temperament has a base in genetics and that it is not all left to nurturing, as was previously believed. Personally, I am glad that science has begun to discover what I always have suspected to be true! A parent can be warm and responsive, yet their child could still grow to have an anxious or avoidant attachment style, however the opposite is true as well. I have personal experience with this, which is why I am certain of its validity. Secure Attachment Style Our text describes the secure attachment style in the following manner: “Infants who experience warm, responsive parents show secure attachment.” (Bolt, 2004, p. 23). This is the most prevalent of the three attachment styles, with roughly...
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...I chose this article because it deals directly with social development, parenting styles, and, in a way, emotional regulation through the guidance of a caregiver. We’ve learned throughout the course that infants and young children look to their caregiver as a source of social context and guide for appropriate behavior. We also know that infant’s have the ability to recognize their mother’s face with days of birth and are exceptionally receptive to faces in general. Children are influenced by their upbringing and we have discovered through Baumrind’s work that parenting styles can greatly affect a child’s ability to regulate emotions. This study looks at how a parent’s, specially a mother’s, behavior affects an infant’s neural processing of...
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...Attachment, in dictionary terms, means affection, fondness, or sympathy for someone or something. In psychotherapy, attachment theory refers to how those attachments impact human interpersonal relations. Attachment theory was first conceptualised by John Bowlby, a psychoanalyst who dedicated his time to studying the affectional bonds which form between a child and his primary caregiver. In Segal and Jaffe (2013), the affectional bond is simply but realistically defined as one's first love relationship. Bowlby referred to attachment as a lasting psychological connectedness between human beings. This bond is initially formed by the first attachment figure a person comes across in life. This is in most cases is the mother. In other situations, it may be a father, or where a child is orphaned or put in foster care, it could vary. It refers to anyone who remains in a central role in a child's life for at least the first three to five years. This period is crucial because it is when a child's brain rapidly develops. Bowlby (1984) says that attachment behaviour is most active and overt before the age of three but the need for attachment figures remains throughout life. Bretherton (1985) found that after three, it is less frequent and noticeable as the child gains increased abilities to protect itself and coping skills. Attachment behaviour is however more noticeable during times of exceptional stress. According to Segal and Jaffe (2013), an attachment bond shapes an infant's brain...
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...The Father and Daughter Relationship and the effects it has on her Future Romantic Relationship Jessica Grayson South Carolina State University Psychology 401 March 9, 2012 While in a romantic relationship a women seeks for a partner that will provide her with unconditional love, security, and comfort. She comes to understand that the man she falls in love with should treat her with respect, show her affection, and love her in the same way she would love him. What women look for in her romantic partner is learned from her own relationship with her father. It is stated that the first man a women will ever love is her father, and what she expects her own romantic partner to be is a mirror of how her father was or is to her. The question that raises concerns is the women who are not fortunate to have the guidance of a father figure in their life; does it really affect her future relationship with her romantic partners? Over the years there has been a significant number if studies conducted to see if a young adult’s relationship with his or her family during childhood actually has a great effect on their adulthood, including their romantic relationships. According to research by Katorski (2003) the research conducted by the studies of Barnett and Kibria showed that a positive parent and a child relationship enhances several aspects of psychological wellbeing while a negative relationship between a parent and a child is thought to cause psychological distress. They believed...
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...HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 2012/2013 MODULE LEADER: FIONA BOYD STUDENT NUMBER: N0371372 WORD COUNT: 2450 This assignment is aimed to discuss a case study using child development and adult development theories to explain the relevance of these theories to health and social care practice. It is going to briefly summarise the of major theories used by health care professionals to provide care and determine practice related decisions. The discussion is going to focus mainly on the attachment theory, Bowlby, J (1969), Levinson, D (1986) theory of life structures and Erikson, E (1963)stages of life theory. According to Banks (2001), these theories are there to help health professionals describe or predict patterns and behaviour considered to be within the parameters of normality for human beings and assess the need for intervention. Some major theories used by health care professionals today embrace the works of Freud (1856) and Bandura (1925) who challenged the view of human development and human nature by suggesting that humans are driven largely by emotions and motives of the unconscious and , a social cognitive theorist who believed humans learnt from observation of other people rather than from a pre-disposed notion of biological (nature) influences...
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