... * Federalist Papers * John Locke * Authoritarianism * The Two Treatises Of Government * The Social Contract Theory * Thomas Hobbes * Nominalism * Materialism * Method Reading Summary or Overview The Federalist Papers were written and published in New York state newspapers between 1787 and 1788. Its purpose was to convince New Yorkers to ratify the proposed Constitution. The authors of The Federalist or The Federalist Papers were among the "founding fathers" of the United States of America. This term is used to refer to the men whose actions were responsible for creating the United States of America and the United States Constitution. View this introductory presentation on the authors of The Federalist Papers. Then, read the internet resources on The Federalist Papers. Internet Resources KAPLAN LIBRARY The "KU Online Library" link is on the left Navigation area of your course Home Page once you log in. You will be able to locate the articles below by placing the title of the article into the search engine. For any Supreme Court cases or other legal cases, once you go into the Kaplan Library, on the right side of the page you will see “databases.” Once in “databases” scroll down to “Westlaw Campus Research” and there you will be able to access the full text of court opinions, statutes, and regulations from state and federal governments. The Federalist Papers Jay, J., Goldman, L., Hamilton, A., & Madison, J. (2008). The Federalist Papers...
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...University of Phoenix Material Influences on the Constitution Table Write one or two paragraphs in each section. Include citations for your sources. |Documents |Summary |What was its influence on the Constitution? | |Magna Carta |The Magna Carta was a set of laws generated by the barons of |When the thirteen US colonies became independent from Great Britain in 1776, it | | |England and the Archbishop Steven Langton of the Catholic |needed to set a central government to pass laws and enforce the laws. During this | | |Church to limit the powers that King John possessed during the |time many British settlers followed the great Britain law that was put in place by | | |12 century and of any king thereafter. The Magna Carta came |the Magna Carta. In 1789 the United States Constitution was ratified and many of the| | |into law on June 15, 1215 and marked the beginning to a |Magna Carta laws were introduced to the foundation of what is the United States | | |constitutional England where the laws were promised to be good |Constitution. Such laws as that of no man should...
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...that have been proposed are well thought out and ultimately useful for the debate over abortion and Planned Parenthood. Planned Parenthood is a non-profit organization which receives almost 530 million dollars from the government each year. They receive almost $392 million from private organizations, $306 million from non-governmental services, and $78 million from other revenues. The organization, which focuses on the health and wellbeing of women and children, in notorious for it’s supposed high abortion rates, despite the fact that abortion makes up only 2% of services the non-profit organization offers. Most of Planned Parenthood’s revenue consists of helping women’s contraception and the treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections. 15% of what they do is also cancer screening and prevention. In July of 2015, The Center for Medical Progress, a Catholic based and funded organization, released a series of supposedly ‘harrowing’ videos, which showed the illegal sale of fetal tissue. The video, which featured the president of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America’s Medical Braren 2 Directors Council, Dr. Mary Gatter, showed the ‘bartering’ between her and an unknown buyer...
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...UNIT 1 Answer Key CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 1 Section 1 Prereading and Vocabulary 2 Reading Comprehension 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. oligarchy citizen democracy constitution state two basic levels; certain decisions; only the federal government; each of the states Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central government and several regional, or state, governments. 1. Population; the people who live within the boundaries of the state 2. Territory; land with known and recognized boundaries 3. Sovereignty; the supreme and absolute power within a state’s territory to decide its own foreign and domestic policies 4. Government; the institution through which society makes and enforces public policies 5. Force theory; the state was born of force, when one person or a small group gained control over people in an area and forced them to submit to that person’s or group’s rule. 6. Evolutionary theory; the state evolved from early families that united to form clans. Later, clans united to form tribes. As tribes settled into agricultural groups over time, they formed states. 7. Divine right theory; God created the state and gave a chosen few the right to rule. 8. Social contract theory; people voluntarily agreed to create a state and give to the government just enough power to promote the safety and well-being of all. Government exists to serve the will of the people, and the people are the sole source of political...
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...US/AZ Government-Pre-Test Section 1 of this examination contains 100 multiple-choice questions. Therefore, please be careful to fill in only the ovals that are preceded by numbers 1 through 100 on your answer sheet. After you have decided which of the suggested answers is best, COMPLETELY fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Give only one answer to each question. If you change an answer, be sure that the previous mark is erased completely. 1) The Preamble to the Constitution begins A) "We the People . . ." B) "Four score and seven years ago . . ." C) "When in the course of human events . . ." D) "In order to form a more perfect Union . . .” E) "These are the times that try men's souls . . .” 2) A social contract theory of government was proposed by A) Plato and Aristotle. B) Aquinas and Luther. C) Newton and the separatists. D) Locke and Hobbes. E) Plato and Luther. 3) Locke's Second Treatise on Civil Government sets out a theory of A) the divine rights of kings. B) aristocracy. C) democracy. D) republicanism. E) natural rights. 4) Indirect democracy is based on A) consensus. B) unanimity. C) the system of government used in ancient Greece. D) representation. E) "mob rule." 5) Republics are A) representative democracies. B) direct democracies. C) a hallmark of unitary governments. D) frequently found in totalitarian regimes. E) another name for states. 6) Who was the major author of the Declaration of Independence? A) George...
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...It will tell of the short and long-term consequences of acquiring this territory. It will tell of Thomas Jefferson and the political aspects of this purchase. This paper will discuss The Lewis and Clark expedition briefly and will have a summary of all the facts in its conclusion. A Good Price for Good Land The Louisiana Purchase is certainly one of the largest land deals in modern history, and also one of the best overall land deals one could ever hope for. As part of American history, it is the best thing that could have happened to a country who needed the space and who could not reject the price. Acquired in 1803 the United States paid $15 million dollars for well over 800,000 square miles of undiscovered land. That averages out to less than 5 cents per acre. At that price people would be lining up today to get as many acres as possible. For that matter, people still would be lined up to buy the whole thing even at today’s price of $283 million dollars. Could you imagine calling it The Oprah Purchase? The Louisiana Purchase was a very nice deal, and one the U.S. could not afford to pass up. The deal was arguably the greatest achievement of Thomas Jefferson’s presidency, but it also was a problem for him. Jefferson was anti-federalist and while he may have written or played a part in the Declaration of Independence, he most certainly did not write the Constitution. Jefferson was always more for states’ rights and less federal government. He always believed there should...
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...Houston Community College Homework 1-5 Presented To: Lloyd W. Gaddis By Yushana Ford Government 2305 8:00A.M- 9:30A.M Mon/Wed 09/20/2015 Chapter 1: The More Things Change…The More They Stay the Same 1. Analyze current problems and issues in American Government by applying Historical perspectives: -History Repeats Itself +A new Communication medium paves the way to Electoral Victory- Meaning the internet and social media have revolutionized American politics. Campaign advertising is the use of an advertising campaign through the media to influence political debate and ultimately voters. Political advertising has changed drastically over the last several decades. Harry S. Truman was proud of his accomplishment of shaking approximately 500,000 hands but his accomplishment was soon pale compared to the next presidential election with the advent of television, war hero and presidential candidate D.W Eisenhower created commercials to get votes and so on and it different with different elections and different decades. +The Power of Incumbency- It is usually used in reference to elections where races can often be defined as being between an incumbent and non-incumbents. Incumbents have easier access to campaign finance and government resources that can be indirectly used to boost a campaign. Incumbency is any elected official who is already in office and seeking re-election. 2. Explain the Philosophical underpinnings of American Political System through...
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...FIANNCING FEDERALISM: A LOOK AT THE NUMBERS Milwida M. Guevara and Joyce P. Gracia Public Finance Institute of the Philippines Federalism is an exciting concept and very often considered a panacea for solving inequities and poverty in the Philippines. It is easy to be obsessed on possibilities if local governments were more independent of the central government. Federalism carries the benefit of decentralization to the max: greater efficiency because production of public goods and services is demand-driven, greater possibilities to make government officials accountable for their actions due to the proximity between the decision maker and his constituents, and, more opportunities for empowering communities through consultation and collaborative planning and implementation. This study puts some realism into proposals to organize the Philippine government into a federal government with several states. Realism entails estimating the resources required to enable a state to carry out basic functions of governance and the financial capability of the different administrative regions in the country. Basic indicators such as estimates of Regional Gross Domestic Product, local revenues, and regional collection of taxes and duties are used. The study starts with indicators on how centralized is the current system of governance and looks at scenarios where “states” can finance the requirements of governance. 1. How Big is the Philippine Government? ...
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...Constitutional Rights Constitutional Rights Constitutional rights are rights given to the people by the U.S. Constitution, and in particular, the Bill of Rights, and (first ten amendments). These amendments re going to include writ of habeas corpus, no bill of attained, no duties or taxes on transporting goods from one state to another, jury trials, freedom of religion, speech press, assembly, and petition, state militia to bear arms, no quartering of troops in homes, no unreasonable search and seizure, major crimes require indictment, no double jeopardy for the same crime, no self-incrimination, right to due process, right to just compensation for property taken by eminent domain, in criminal law, right to a speedy trial, to confront witnesses against one, and to counsel, trial by jury, etc (Szypszak, 2011). This paper is going to discuss the case of Korb v. Raytheon, 707 F. Supp. 63 (D. Mass. 1989) and the challenges that were faced with the constitutional rights, and discuss some other case that support the analysis of this case. Facts, Issues, & Rule: Korb v. Raytheon Raytheon was a large corporation that built equipment for the U.S. military, and Korb was an employee that was hired by the company for a brief period of time as a vice-president in their Washington, DC office. The Massachusetts Supreme Court summarized the facts of this case: In December, 1985, with Raytheon's permission, Korb joined the executive...
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...HOBBY LOBBY VS. THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT Leonila Gonzalez oUR LADY OF THE LAKE UNIVERSITY HOBBY LOBBY VS. THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT Leonila Gonzalez oUR LADY OF THE LAKE UNIVERSITY Businesses can be affected by many laws and mandates that are set by the state or federal government. It can be difficult for a small firm to stay in business when such mandates are passed. The Affordable Care Act was signed into law by President Obama on Mach 23, 2010. Key components to the law are improving quality and health care costs, new consumer protections and access to healthcare, and mandating that all firms provided insurance for their employees. Small Business Tax credits were also included as an incentive and a way to reduce cost for the smaller firms. (Human Health Services, 2014) In order for a firm to be exempt from providing insurance to its employees they had to be classified as a non-profit organization or a Church. A businesses classification will give them exemptions for example a non-profit organization. A non-profit organization can be defined as “an incorporated organization which exists for educational or charitable reasons, and from which its shareholders or trustees do not benefit financially” (Investor Words, 2014). Because of the mandates of the Affordable Care Act, it is now in the center of litigation in which a for-profit organization is asking for exemptions from providing women health care, contraceptives, due to the owner’s religious belief. (Reese...
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...ABOUT THE BRENNAN CENTER FOR JUSTICE The Brennan Center for Justice at New York University School of Law is a non-partisan public policy and law institute that focuses on fundamental issues of democracy and justice. Our work ranges from voting rights to redistricting reform, from access to the courts to presidential power in the fight against terrorism. A singular institution – part think tank, part public interest law firm, part advocacy group – the Brennan Center combines scholarship, legislative and legal advocacy, and communications to win meaningful, measurable change in the public sector. ABOUT THE BRENNAN CENTER’S LIBERTY AND NATIONAL SECURITY PROJECT The Brennan Center initiated its Liberty and National Security project two years ago to foster better public understanding of the importance of accountability, transparency, and checks-and-balances in the formulation and implementation of national security policy. We have since been at the forefront of advocating for sound, rights-respecting policy prescriptions based on broad public participation and informed discussion. Our staff engages in a spectrum of public education, legislative advocacy, litigation and scholarly activity. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Jonathan Hafetz is Litigation Director of the Liberty and National Security Project at the Brennan Center. He is actively involved in post-9/11 litigation involving detainee rights and other national security issues, and is lead counsel in several leading detention...
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...Gun Control, An Idea That’s Time Has Come As a Criminal Justice student I lean toward the gun control side of the current debate. In his Federalist Papers James Madison said, “Americans have the right and advantage of being armed – unlike the citizens of other countries whose governments are afraid to trust the people with arms” (Raymond). Madison may be right about our citizens having more rights than those in other countries, but our government places too much trust in the American people. If you take away privately owned guns, it does not solve anything because doing so would consequentially create a communist or police state. Instead of taking away the guns, a better solution is to control who buys guns and for what purpose they should be used. Opponents of gun control may say that a seven-day waiting period before being able to buy a gun does nothing to help fight or prevent crime or to save lives, it is needed to keep more people from dying, to keep people from being robbed, and to keep guns out of the hands of known criminals. There are over 283 million licensed guns in the U.S. (Herbert 1), and that does not include unregistered and illegal weapons that people own, sell to and buy from unlicensed or criminal sources. The Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution grants Americans the right to “bear arms,” but when they kill innocent people or even themselves, should all Americans have that right? More than 50% of U.S. homes own one or more guns (White 1). The question...
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...[Enter Document Title] Foundations of the U.S. Legal System Prof. William Ewald Contributors Wim De Vlieger Suvitcha Nativivat Alasdair Henderson Ana Carolina Kliemann Alexey Kruglyakov Rafael A. Rosillo Pasquale Siciliani Paul Lanois Gloria M. Gasso Kamel Ait El Hadj Yuanyuan Zheng Ana L. Marquez Pumthan Chaichantipyuth Wenzhen Dai Penn Law Summer 2006 I. Introduction and Historical Background A. What the course will cover? This is not an introductory course. You are all lawyers; I shall assume a good deal of professional expertise, and that many of you already have a body of knowledge about American law. The task: prepare you for the coming year, give you the basic grounding that you will need for the courses you are going to start taking in September. For this, you need two things: ♥ A great deal of basic factual information about how the courts and the legal system function, and about basic legal concepts (and legal vocabulary); ♥ But more importantly: background information about some of the critical ways in which the American legal system is unique, and differs from legal systems elsewhere in the world. This is hard: often you will find that your professors or fellow‐students will make assumptions or presuppose certain ways of doing things that aren’t explained in class. A large goal of this course is to explain those assumptions...
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...[pic]World Trade Organization [pic] The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on January 1, 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which commenced in 1948. The organization deals with regulation of trade between participating countries; it provides a framework for negotiating and formalizing trade agreements, and a dispute resolution process aimed at enforcing participants' adherence to WTO agreements which are signed by representatives of member governments and ratified by their parliaments. Most of the issues that the WTO focuses on derive from previous trade negotiations, especially from the Uruguay Round (1986–1994). The organization is currently endeavoring to persist with a trade negotiation called the Doha Development Agenda (or Doha Round), which was launched in 2001 to enhance equitable participation of poorer countries which represent a majority of the world's population. However, the negotiation has been dogged by "disagreement between exporters of agricultural bulk commodities and countries with large numbers of subsistence farmers on the precise terms of a 'special safeguard measure' to protect farmers from surges in imports. At this time, the future of the Doha Round is uncertain." The WTO has 153 members representing more than 97% of total world trade and 30 observers, most seeking membership...
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...UNIT 2 Answer Key CHAPTER 5 IV. Section 4: Party Organization A. Structure Federalism, nominating B. Organization at the National Level 1. convention 2. chairperson C. State and Local Organization 1. election, caucuses 2. wards Prereading and Vocabulary 2 1. should cut back on expensive government programs Sample definition: Conservatives believe in cutting costs and government programs. 2. came to vote Sample definition: The electorate is the group of people who are allowed to vote. 3. voted at the polling place, elementary school Sample definition: A precinct is a small area from which all the residents report to vote at one location. 4. wards 5. bipartisan 6. nominate 7. Liberals 8. resign CHAPTER 5 Section 1 Reading Comprehension 3 1. Answers for rankings will vary. Historical basis: The two-party system is rooted in the beginnings of the U.S., when the ratification of the Constitution gave rise to the first two parties. Tradition: Most Americans accept the idea of a two-party system simply because there has always been one. Electoral system: Since only one winner per office comes out of each election, voters have only two viable choices—the candidate of the party holding office or the candidate with the best chance of replacing the current officeholder. Voters tend to think of a vote for a minor party candidate as a wasted vote. Republicans and Democrats work together in a bipartisan way to write election laws to make...
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