...Definitions are commonly used in technical documents to help audience members who are unfamiliar with the terminology in a technical field. In this conference, we look at definitions in terms of their audience. 1. Select a term commonly used in your major or field of study/work. For example, if you are a computer science major or work in information technology, you might select the term "kernel" related to an operating system. 2. Find a definition of the term on a credible website and post the definition or a link to the definition in your response. 3. Evaluate the definition in terms of its effectiveness for the audience. Give us your reasons for why the definition is effectiveness or not. This term is introduced to accounting students on their first introduction to accounting classes and it is also mentioned on the major headline news such as the Enron and WorldCom financial fraud cases. This term, although its main audience is people in the accounting field, has become very effective due to the major financial fraud cases such as Enron, WorldCom, Bernard Madoff and others. The main audience for this term are individuals who are related to the accounting field. Learning that an organization has been cooking the books instantly portrays that a financial fraud has occurred. Also, this term has become a part of the English language due to the major financial fraud cases such as Enron, WorldCom, and Bernard Madoff. This term is effective in its way that it portrays...
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...[Writing Assignment 1] Semester [Terrorism (SOS-440)] Thomas Riley Why has it been difficult to define the concept of terrorism? The concept of terrorism is not impossible to define. Many definitions of terrorism exists. What is difficult is developing a single universal definition that fits all acts and perpetrators. Terrorism comes in many forms (e.g., state, sponsored, domestic, ideological, and religious) and has just as many motivators (e.g., nationalism, religion, and political). Before delving further into my research, I believed that H.H.A Cooper defined it best in Terrorism: The Problem of Definition Revisited with Terrorism is the intentional generation of massive fear by human beings for the purpose of securing or maintaining control over other human beings. (Mahan & Griset, 2013, p. 5 and 18) However; with further reading I determined this definition is not specific enough for legal purposes and does not exclude certain legitimate acts of violence such as war. The legal ramifications are one milestone to hinder a single definition but what most likely affects the definition is which side you are standing on. The view point of the audience impacts whether the act is terrorism or is justified. After starting this course I had an interesting conversation with co-workers considering some past historical events and whether or not they could be considered acts of terrorism. I saw a similar topic of discussion in the group discussions. The event...
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...This short paper will cover the trait of independence, and it will answer a few questions posed to look at the trait of independence from a few different angles. These angles include personal definitions of the trait and how a person should be able to demonstrate that trait. The paper will cover how the AICPA looks at Independence, how the State of Texas vies this trait, and a look at a current article showing the impacts of the trait independence. Upon the conclusion of this paper the reader will have a better understanding of how independence in accounting is defined and how to identify it As we see defined in our class text on page 162 is that independence is defined as, "the state of mind that permits the performance of an attest service without being affected by influences that compromise professional judgment, thereby allowing an individual to act with integrity and professional skepticism. To appear to be independent, the CPA should avoid circumstances that might cause an informed third party to reasonably conclude that the integrity, objectivity, or professional skepticism of a firm or member of the audit (attest) engagement team has been compromised." Within the frame work of my own personal definition I define independence as having the ability to have both the personal courage and institutional ability to analyze, state conclusions, and act in the best interests of the public. As pulled from http://www.tsbpa.state.tx.us/firms/alt-business-structure.html on...
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...survive and success in this modern life, they seems to get a clear idea of what CSR means and do good work as CSR in the eye of the public. This essay attempts to show the definitions of CSR and argue that why CSR is considered to be important in modern life in terms of stakeholder. 1 Main body 1.1 What is meant by Corporate Social Responsibility. Over the past 40 years the definition of CSR has been debated by a lot of scholars. Although it has attracted a considerable attention, according to Blowfield and Murray (2008, p.6), there has never been a single definition of CSR. Similarly, Mc Williams, Siegel and Wright (2006, p.327) claim that we have not reached to an accepted consensus on how to define CSR. Garriga and Mele (2004, p.51, cited in Benn and Bolton, 2011, p.56) point out that “Theories and practices around notions such as ‘society and business, social issues management, public policy and business, stakeholder management, (and) corporate accountability’ have contributed to definitional variations”. Moreover, Isa (2012, p.327-328) also points out that various companies’ managers have found CSR is useful to achieve their purposes. As a result, different groups have adopted different definition of CSR, based on their own interests and purposes. If there would be a single accepted definition of CSR, some companies would not take CSR because it would not match their interests and purposes. 1.2 Giving some...
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...less attention is given to the impoverished. The actual definition of a person in poverty is often times debated. Sometimes, there are entire political platforms formed on the basis that the impoverished are not really suffering and that the people have nothing to worry about. In Robert Rector’s article regarding the effectiveness of the poverty safety net, he states that the lower end of society does not need any more help, but their his definition does not include the various problems that poverty entails. He solely focuses on the financial aspect. So, it is important to know the exact definition and parameters of poverty. Poverty is when a person or people live in fear of the inability to provide basic needs for themselves and their loved ones. With the advancements in the modern era, there is a misunderstanding of what actual poverty is. Although many believe that the lowest levels of society, those who have the lowest incomes and/or no income at all, have the ability to get food stamps and other avenues of aid through the government, they fail to see that the aid is either not sufficient nor does it help sustain a family for the future. Rector says “When the aid an impoverished family is given does not give them comfort for the near future, then the family is in poverty. The same applies to those people that do not get aid in 3rd world countries. I also assert that this fear does not have to relate to one’s financial situation. The fear of death is also a form of poverty...
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...Framing the Phenomenon Definition and Historical Background First, there is a need to understand who the foreign fighters are? There is no agreed definition of a foreign fighter. David Malet, a senior lecturer in the Melbourne School of Government, defines foreign fighters as ‘”non-citizens of conflict states who join insurgencies during civil conflict”. On the other hand, Thomas Hegghammer, a Senior Research Fellow, Norwegian Defense Research Establishment (FFI), proposes two definitions for foreign fighters. The first builds on Malet’s definition and narrows it through stricter criteria for inclusion by requiring that an individual: 1) has joined, and operates within the confines of, an insurgency; 2) lacks citizenship of the conflict...
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...group of individuals and handling it over to another. It is the means to an end, not an end in itself.’ (Schuler & Hashemi,1994) The dictionary defines empowerment as giving authority or power to others. As a general definition, however, we suggest that empowerment is a multi-dimensional social process that helps people gain control over their own lives. It is a process that fosters power (that is, the capacity to implement) in people, for use in their own lives, their communities, and in their society, by acting on issues that they define as important. We suggest that three components of our definition are basic to any understanding of empowerment. Empowerment is multi-dimensional, social, and a process. It is multi-dimensional in that it occurs within sociological, psychological, economic, and other dimensions. Empowerment also occurs at various levels, such as individual, group, and community. Empowerment, by definition, is a social process, since it occurs in relationship to others. Empowerment is a process that is similar to a path or journey, one that develops as we work through it. Other aspects of empowerment may vary according to the specific context and people involved, but these remain constant. In addition, one important implication of this definition of empowerment is that the individual and community are fundamentally connected. Our focus as leaders is on quality, productivity, and cost effectiveness, so why are we suddenly talking about handing power over to employees...
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...the challenges and benefits of globalisation Challenges (competition, distribution, macro-economic, socio-economic, financial, legal, physical, political, socio-cultural, labour, globalisation of Risk) Benefits (cost, timing, learning, arbitrage) What are the ways strategy can be developed? Processual Rational Seems to fit in this situation Evolutionary Systemic Family members on the board could influence cultural values etc. Fuzzy What’s included in a strategy development process and strategic planning? Defining organisational purpose (Where are we going?) External and internal environment analyses (What is the gap between where we are now and where we want to be?) Formulating and implementing strategy(How do we get there? And what are the financial aspects of value creation?) What are the three levels of strategy? Corporate Strategy Framework Business Functional What kinds of leadership style and approaches are there? Situational Transformational Transactional How does ethics and corporate social responsibility influence strategy? The classical view The socio-economic view Module 2: UNDERSTANDING THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT Key questions Concepts/Models/approaches that can be used to answer the key questions: Applicability / Case facts support What is the “industry” of analysis? How can it be defined? How broad or narrow is it? Industry Definition Branded frozen food wholesale / Food and Grocery Manufacturing What’s the typical way products or services...
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...Defining Marketing Defining marketing can vary by individuals and organizational globally and nationally, but developing a personal understanding and definition for marketing is important. Because marketing plays an important role in organizational success, people have to understand the different definitions of marketing. People can strengthen their definition of marketing by providing examples of organizations that supports their definitions of marketing. Marketing has an impact on the organizational success or failure. Personally, marketing is everything involved in selling or placing a product for the public to purchase or use. Although this may seem like a vague answer, marketing covers such a wide area of a business that has to work within the other departments in the business. Marketing involves the planning, implementation, and evaluation of marketing plans as well as how the marketing plans will affect the financial, management, production, and HR departments. After researching marketing in the school library, I discovered several articles about what definition of marketing is. First article was by Paul Gerhold. Paul Gerhold states, “Marketing research is the function which links the consumer, customer, and public to the marketer through information--information used to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems; generate, refine, and evaluate marketing performance; and improve understanding of marketing as a process” (1993). The second article was by...
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...Real Definition of Success A mansion, a sports car, and financial freedom are all very alluring signs of success to some. To others, success includes materialistic things such as a yacht, a camper, and a cottage tucked away by the lake. According to a study conducted by World Health Organization, 15% of people in high-income nations report being depressed, while only 11% in lower-income countries report being depressed (Bromet). Looking at these statistics, one can assume that the correlation of wealth and depression are positively related. It is clear, as shown by the previously stated statistics, that money does not always lead to happiness. To others, success may also be defined as “the fact of getting or achieving wealth, respect, or fame” (“Success”). However, the true definition of success does not include any of these things listed above. Success does not include material goods but it is rather tied to expansive, more meaningful perceptions such as happiness, persistence, and overcoming hardships. One way to measure success is by how happy a person is. For some people, they might feel their happiest when they have lavish items. However, this is not true for everyone and is not a correct scale of success. Happiness for most people is a joyful and affectionate family. If this is what success means to someone, then one’s family is what outlines one’s success. Dr. Dennis Kimbro, author of multiple best sellers, interviewed many successful people about their definition of success...
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...'What are the four definitions of organization? An organization can be define by four main factors including: the group of people, persons, acting together in synergy for a common and specific purpose; the economic actors following economic goals and the economic impact on their environment; the accumulation of knowledge and learning of the different actors composing the organization; and the bundle of the different type of resources available for it. As a collection of people, stakeholders are the ones directly or indirectly connected to the organization. These actors have an interest in all its activities. The internal ones, directly involved in the organization (such as employees for example) are implicated in organizational politics and submitted to a hierarchy usually well define. As an economic actor, organization involve buyers and sellers of products or services. This concept induce the fact that the organization must be profitable and generate revenue producing what it sells, and so at an acceptable price and cost. To be able to do this, its different costs and efficiency must be well controlled to adapt, in its industry, to its market conditions. As an accumulation of knowledge and learnings, the organization is also define as a history of way of doing things, adapting its processes to ameliorate the work which have to be done, by putting in place some routines for example. And what enrich the organization is also all the tacit knowledge coming from the...
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...The plan should be clear and well defined, like a road map that guides you in the right direction to achieving college success. Students enter school under a lot of stress, with the expectation of succeeding in school. Students have grades to worry about, financial concerns and what they will and won’t be able to do socially. From an early age most parents teach their children that getting an education will earn them more money each year that they earn more if they have Bachelor’s degree. Adding all of these together can send that stress level through the roof. Understanding how to prepare yourself for that change, developing your personal responsibility can help the student go far. (Murphy, n.d.) Personal responsibility can be defined in multiple ways by multiple people. According to "Answers.com" (2011), " Personal Responsibility is taking responsibility for your actions, accepting the consequences that come from those actions and understanding that what you do impacts those around you.” My definition is this: Holding your self-accountable when nobody else will. Finishing what you started when all you want to do is quit. Personal responsibility can be defined in so many ways and I don’t think there is one definition that could quite possibly be a one size fits all. Each person has to look inside themselves and decide what they think it means and how they will apply it. There is certainly a relationship between personal responsibility...
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...Dress for Success Success. Everyone has their own range of definitions when it comes to what it takes to be successful. Whether it’s financial or spiritual wise, we all have our dreams that seem so close to achieve, yet we don’t have the tools the address them. So what exactly does it mean to “dress for success”? This statement is highly misinterpreted for most individuals. Dressing for personal success means to have the necessary mindset and motivation to achieve small milestones at a time. To do this, it takes both physical and mental strength. Being physically strong to reach your goal(s) is mostly aimed for by athletes. You may need to have physical strength reach your destiny of being a pro NBA player. Most people fall short in this...
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...Success Success can have a billion and one definitions, all depending on the person defining it. Therefore, making the search for success a difficult journey. For some individuals it only means fame and money while for others it is something more personal. For me success is a balance of both the materialistic and the spiritual. My idea of success is having the financial freedom to maintain my family, accept and love myself, and also being an active member of my future community. Regardless of the definition people may have on success, it can only be reached through certain qualities that not every individual possesses. To reach success one must have patience. We all heard of the famous sang “patience is key” yet we fail to apply it to our problematic situations. Without patience we soon give up and move along the path of life in search for something else that will take less time. Nothing that...
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...Health is the level of functional or metabolic efficiency of a living being[clarify]. In humans, it is the general condition of a person's mind and body, usually meaning to be free from illness, injury or pain (as in "good health" or "healthy").[1] The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health in its broader sense in 1946 as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."[2][3] Although this definition has been subject to controversy, in particular as lacking operational value and because of the problem created by use of the word "complete," it remains the most enduring.[4][5] Other definitions have been proposed, among which a recent definition that correlates health and personal satisfaction.[6][7] Classification systems such as the WHO Family of International Classifications, including the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), are commonly used to define and measure the components of health. Systematic activities to prevent or cure health problems and promote good health in humans are undertaken by health care providers. Applications with regard to animal health are covered by the veterinary sciences. The term "healthy" is also widely used in the context of many types of non-living organizations and their impacts for the benefit of humans, such as in the sense of healthy communities, healthy cities or healthy environments...
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