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Financial Management Note

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Submitted By DODO12O
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Finance can be through of as the study of the following 3 questions: 1. In what long-term assets should the firm invest? (Capital budgeting) 2. How can the firm raise cash for required capital expenditures? (Capital structure) 3. How should short-term operation cash flows be managed? (Working capital management)

Forms of business organization: * Proprietorship- single owner * Partnership- more than one owner * Corporation- legal entity separate and distinct form its owners and managers.

* Corporations * Advantages: * Unlimited life- independent of owners * Ease transfer of ownership * Limited liability * Ease of raising capital * Disadvantages: * Double taxation * Cost of set-up and report filing

Maximizing value * Limited liability- the lower the risk the higher the value, all else equal * Growth opportunities: corporations can raise capital easier to take advantage of these opportunities. * Liquidity: an asset value also depends on how easy it is to sell it.

Management’s primary goal
Our focus: profit, publicity held companies
Management’s goal: maximize shareholder wealth, which translates into maximizing the stock price.

Maximizing shareholder value:
A company’s shareholder wealth is equal to the number of shrares outstanding times market value per share. * We need to know what factors affect the stock price. * The value of a share of stock is the present value of the cash flows an “average investor” expects to receive in the future id he or she bought the stock. * Long-term view important.

Market price VS intrinsic value
Stock’s market price: actual market price of the share of stock. Value based on perceived returns and risk. (could be wrong)

Intrinsic value: what a fully informed analyst would estimate as the “true” value of a stock

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